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Generative AI systems produce a range of risks.
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Understanding Adversarial Attacks on Deep Learning Based Medical Image Analysis Systems
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Appealing to fear: A meta-analysis of fear appeal effectiveness and theories
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Bias in computer systems
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Sorting Things Out: Classification and Its Consequences
G. C. Bowker and S. L. Star · 2000
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C. Prunkl and J. Whittlestone · 2001
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Toward Trustworthy AI Development: Mechanisms for Supporting Verifiable Claims, Apr. 2020
M. Brundage, S. Avin, J. Wang, H. Belfield, G. Krueger, G. Hadfield, H. Khlaaf, J. Yang, H. Toner, R. Fong, T. Maharaj, P. W. Koh, S. Hooker, J. Leung, A. Trask, E. Bluemke, J. Lebensold, C. O’Keefe, M. Koren, T. Ryffel, J. B. Rubinovitz, T. Besiroglu, F. Carugati, J. Clark, P. Eckersley, S. de Haas, M. Johnson, B. Laurie, A. Ingerman, I. Krawczuk, A. Askell, R. Cammarota, A. Lohn, D. Krueger, C. Stix, P. Henderson, L. Graham, C. Prunkl, B. Martin, E. Seger, N. Zilberman, S. O. Heigeartaigh, F. Kroeger, G. Sastry, R. Kagan, A. Weller, B. Tse, E. Barnes, A. Dafoe, P. Scharre, A. Herbert-Voss, M. Rasser, S. Sodhani, C. Flynn, T. K. Gilbert, L. Dyer, S. Khan, Y. Bengio, and M. Anderljung · 2004
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Inventing Temperature: Measurement and Scientific Progress
H. Chang · 2004
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Equilibrium Policy Experiments and the Evaluation of Social Programs, Feb. 2004
J. Lise, S. Seitz, and J. Smith · 2004
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REVISE: A Tool for Measuring and Mitigating Bias in Visual Datasets, July 2021
A. Wang, A. Liu, R. Zhang, A. Kleiman, L. Kim, D. Zhao, I. Shirai, A. Narayanan, and O. Russakovsky · 2004
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Jukebox: A Generative Model for Music, Apr. 2020
P. Dhariwal, H. Jun, C. Payne, J. W. Kim, A. Radford, and I. Sutskever · 2005
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The Hateful Memes Challenge: Detecting Hate Speech in Multimodal Memes, Apr. 2021b
D. Kiela, H. Firooz, A. Mohan, V. Goswami, A. Singh, P. Ringshia, and D. Testuggine · 2005
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On Faithfulness and Factuality in Abstractive Summarization, May 2020
J. Maynez, S. Narayan, B. Bohnet, and R. McDonald · 2005
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Relevance and prosody
D. Wilson and T. Wharton · 2005
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Towards Ecologically Valid Research on Language User Interfaces, July 2020
H. de Vries, D. Bahdanau, and C. Manning · 2007
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RealToxicityPrompts: Evaluating Neural Toxic Degeneration in Language Models, Sept. 2020
S. Gehman, S. Gururangan, M. Sap, Y. Choi, and N. A. Smith · 2009
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DiffWave: A Versatile Diffusion Model for Audio Synthesis, Mar. 2021
Z. Kong, W. Ping, J. Huang, K. Zhao, and B. Catanzaro · 2009
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The Weirdest People in the World?, May 2010
J. Henrich, S. J. Heine, and A. Norenzayan · 2010
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Image Representations Learned With Unsupervised Pre-Training Contain Human-like Biases
R. Steed and A. Caliskan · 2010
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Fairness, Respect and the Egalitarian "Ethos" Revisited
J. Wolff · 2010
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Alone together: Why we expect more from technology and less from each other
S. Turkle · 2011
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Fairness through awareness
C. Dwork, M. Hardt, T. Pitassi, O. Reingold, and R. Zemel · 2012
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Engineering a Safer World: Systems Thinking Applied to Safety
N. G. Leveson · 2012
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RankME: Reliable Human Ratings for Natural Language Generation
J. Novikova, O. Dušek, and V. Rieser · 2012
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Evaluating rater quality and rating difficulty in online annotation activities: Evaluating Rater Quality and Rating Difficulty in Online Annotation Activities
P. Organisciak, M. Efron, K. Fenlon, and M. Senseney · 2012
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The Future of Employment: How susceptible are jobs to computerisation?
C. B. Frey and M. Osborne · 2013
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The Rationalizing Voter
M. Lodge and C. S. Taber · 2013
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Developing a framework for responsible innovation
J. Stilgoe, R. Owen, and P. Macnaghten · 2013
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Big Data and the Underground Railroad
A. M. Bedoya · 2014
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Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Context
T.-Y. Lin, M. Maire, S. Belongie, J. Hays, P. Perona, D. Ramanan, P. Dollár, and C. L. Zitnick · 2014
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Big data’s disparate impact
S. Barocas and A. D. Selbst · 2016
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Man is to Computer Programmer as Woman is to Homemaker? Debiasing Word Embeddings, July 2016
T. Bolukbasi, K.-W. Chang, J. Zou, V. Saligrama, and A. Kalai · 2016
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Obfuscation: a user’s guide for privacy and protest
F. Brunton and H. Nissenbaum · 2016
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The future of employment: How susceptible are jobs to computerisation?
C. B. Frey and M. A. Osborne · 2016
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Evolving the IRB: Building Robust Review for Industry Research
M. Jackman and L. Kanerva · 2016
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Facebook’s Emotional Contagion Experiment as a Challenge to Research Ethics
J. Jouhki, E. Lauk, M. Penttinen, N. Sormanen, and T. Uskali · 2016
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WaveNet: A Generative Model for Raw Audio, Sept. 2016
A. v. d. Oord, S. Dieleman, H. Zen, K. Simonyan, O. Vinyals, A. Graves, N. Kalchbrenner, A. Senior, and K. Kavukcuoglu · 2016
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Improved techniques for training GANs
T. Salimans, I. Goodfellow, W. Zaremba, V. Cheung, A. Radford, and X. Chen · 2016
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Attention by design: Using attention checks to detect inattentive respondents and improve data quality
J. D. Abbey and M. G. Meloy · 2017
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Semantics derived automatically from language corpora contain human-like biases
A. Caliskan, J. J. Bryson, and A. Narayanan · 2017
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Moral outrage in the digital age
M. J. Crockett · 2017
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Against Black Inclusion in Facial Recognition, Aug. 2017
N. Hassein · 2017
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C.-W. Liu, R. Lowe, I. V. Serban, M. Noseworthy, L. Charlin, and J. Pineau · 2017
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Media Manipulation and Disinformation Online
A. Marwick and R. Lewis · 2017
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No Classification without Representation: Assessing Geodiversity Issues in Open Data Sets for the Developing World
S. Shankar, Y. Halpern, E. Breck, J. Atwood, J. Wilson, and D. Sculley · 2017
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Gender Shades: Intersectional Accuracy Disparities in Commercial Gender Classification
J. Buolamwini and T. Gebru · 2018
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Measuring and Mitigating Unintended Bias in Text Classification
L. Dixon, J. Li, J. Sorensen, N. Thain, and L. Vasserman · 2018
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All the cool kids, how do they fit in?: Popularity and demographic biases in recommender evaluation and effectiveness
M. D. Ekstrand, M. Tian, I. M. Azpiazu, J. D. Ekstrand, O. Anuyah, D. McNeill, and M. S. Pera · 2018
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Human Trust in Artificial Intelligence: Review of Empirical Research
E. Glikson and A. W. Woolley · 2018
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GANs Trained by a Two Time-Scale Update Rule Converge to a Local Nash Equilibrium, Jan. 2018
M. Heusel, H. Ramsauer, T. Unterthiner, B. Nessler, and S. Hochreiter · 2018
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AI-Driven Dermatology Could Leave Dark-Skinned Patients Behind, Aug. 2018
A. Lashbrook · 2018
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Gender Bias in Coreference Resolution
R. Rudinger, J. Naradowsky, B. Leonard, and B. Van Durme · 2018
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Information Disorder: Toward an interdisciplinary framework for research and policy making
C. Wardle and H. Derakhshan · 2018
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Gender Bias in Coreference Resolution: Evaluation and Debiasing Methods, Apr. 2018
J. Zhao, T. Wang, M. Yatskar, V. Ordonez, and K.-W. Chang · 2018
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Fairness and Machine Learning: Limitations and Opportunities
S. Barocas, M. Hardt, and A. Narayanan · 2019
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Deep Fakes: A Looming Challenge for Privacy, Democracy, and National Security
D. Citron and R. Chesney · 2019
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The Animal-AI Olympics
M. Crosby, B. Beyret, and M. Halina · 2019
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Does Object Recognition Work for Everyone?
T. DeVries, I. Misra, C. Wang, and L. van der Maaten · 2019
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Responsible Artificial Intelligence: How to Develop and Use AI in a Responsible Way
V. Dignum · 2019
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When people and algorithms meet: user-reported problems in intelligent everyday applications
M. Eiband, S. T. Völkel, D. Buschek, S. Cook, and H. Hussmann · 2019
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Toward understanding the impact of artificial intelligence on labor
M. R. Frank, D. Autor, J. E. Bessen, E. Brynjolfsson, M. Cebrian, D. J. Deming, M. Feldman, M. Groh, J. Lobo, E. Moro, D. Wang, H. Youn, and I. Rahwan · 2019
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How an Attempt at Correcting Bias in Tech Goes Wrong, Oct. 2019
S. Fussell · 2019
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Ghost Work: How to Stop Silicon Valley from Building a New Global Underclass
M. L. Gray and S. Suri · 2019
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A Picture Paints a Thousand Lies? The Effects and Mechanisms of Multimodal Disinformation and Rebuttals Disseminated via Social Media
M. Hameleers, T. E. Powell, T. G. Van Der Meer, and L. Bos · 2019
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Counting the Countless, 2019
O. Keyes · 2019
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“Please do not include us”: Workshop on AI Ethics and Inclusion – MediaWell, 2019
MediaWell · 2019
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Owning Ethics: Corporate Logics, Silicon Valley, and the Institutionalization of Ethics
J. Metcalf, E. Moss, and D. Boyd · 2019
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U.S. Leadership in AI
National Institute of Standards and Technology · 2019
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The Implied Truth Effect: Attaching Warnings to a Subset of Fake News Headlines Increases Perceived Accuracy of Headlines Without Warnings
G. Pennycook, A. Bear, E. T. Collins, and D. G. Rand · 2019
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Object Hallucination in Image Captioning, Mar. 2019
A. Rohrbach, L. A. Hendricks, K. Burns, T. Darrell, and K. Saenko · 2019
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Fairness and Abstraction in Sociotechnical Systems
A. D. Selbst, D. Boyd, S. A. Friedler, S. Venkatasubramanian, and J. Vertesi · 2019
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Box of Lies: Multimodal Deception Detection in Dialogues
F. Soldner, V. Pérez-Rosas, and R. Mihalcea · 2019
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The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Labor Market, Nov. 2019
M. Webb · 2019
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Robots and Jobs: Evidence from US Labor Markets
D. Acemoglu and P. Restrepo · 2020
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AI and Jobs: Evidence from Online Vacancies, Dec. 2020
D. Acemoglu, D. Autor, J. Hazell, and P. Restrepo · 2020
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Evaluating the fake news problem at the scale of the information ecosystem
J. Allen, B. Howland, M. Mobius, D. Rothschild, and D. J. Watts · 2020
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Critical User Journey Test Coverage
C. Arguelles, T. Sampson, J. Kubik, and E. Bibi · 2020
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Robot Imports and Firm-Level Outcomes, Apr. 2020
A. Bonfiglioli, R. Crinò, H. Fadinger, and G. Gancia · 2020
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Design justice: community-led practices to build the worlds we need
S. Costanza-Chock · 2020
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Repairing Innovation: A Study of Integrating AI in Clinical Care
M. C. Elish and E. A. Watkins · 2020
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Anger contributes to the spread of COVID-19 misinformation
J. Han, M. Cha, and W. Lee · 2020
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Towards a critical race methodology in algorithmic fairness
A. Hanna, E. Denton, A. Smart, and J. Smith-Loud · 2020
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Reducing Sentiment Bias in Language Models via Counterfactual Evaluation
P.-S. Huang, H. Zhang, R. Jiang, R. Stanforth, J. Welbl, J. Rae, V. Maini, D. Yogatama, and P. Kohli · 2020
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Political Misinformation
J. Jerit and Y. Zhao · 2020
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Don’t ask if artificial intelligence is good or fair, ask how it shifts power
P. Kalluri · 2020
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Testing the impossible: Identifying exclusion restrictions
J. F. Kiviet · 2020
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Bridging AI and Cognitive Science (BAICS), 2020
E. Kosoy, J. Collins, D. Chan, J. Hamrick, S. H. Huang, J. F. Canny, and A. Gopnik · 2020
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All the News That’s Fit to Fabricate: AI-Generated Text as a Tool of Media Misinformation
S. Kreps, R. M. McCain, and M. Brundage · 2020
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Data in New Delhi’s predictive policing system
V. Marda and S. Narayan · 2020
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Reliance on emotion promotes belief in fake news
C. Martel, G. Pennycook, and D. G. Rand · 2020
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Decolonial AI: Decolonial Theory as Sociotechnical Foresight in Artificial Intelligence
S. Mohamed, M.-T. Png, and W. Isaac · 2020
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Fakeddit: A New Multimodal Benchmark Dataset for Fine-grained Fake News Detection
K. Nakamura, S. Levy, and W. Y. Wang · 2020
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Organisational institutionalisation of responsible innovation
R. Owen, M. Pansera, P. Macnaghten, and S. Randles · 2020
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Global Mistrust in News: The Impact of Social Media on Trust
S. Park, C. Fisher, T. Flew, and U. Dulleck · 2020
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’Deepfakes’ in the Courtroom, Oct. 2020
R. Pfefferkorn · 2020
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Closing the AI accountability gap: defining an end-to-end framework for internal algorithmic auditing
I. D. Raji, A. Smart, R. N. White, M. Mitchell, T. Gebru, B. Hutchinson, J. Smith-Loud, D. Theron, and P. Barnes · 2020
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Real-World Integration of a Sepsis Deep Learning Technology Into Routine Clinical Care: Implementation Study
M. P. Sendak, W. Ratliff, D. Sarro, E. Alderton, J. Futoma, M. Gao, M. Nichols, M. Revoir, F. Yashar, C. Miller, K. Kester, S. Sandhu, K. Corey, N. Brajer, C. Tan, A. Lin, T. Brown, S. Engelbosch, K. Anstrom, M. C. Elish, K. Heller, R. Donohoe, J. Theiling, E. Poon, S. Balu, A. Bedoya, and C. O’Brien · 2020
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Gradations of Error Severity in Automatic Image Descriptions
E. van Miltenburg, W.-T. Lu, E. Krahmer, A. Gatt, G. Chen, L. Li, and K. van Deemter · 2020
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Benchmarking the Performance and Energy Efficiency of AI Accelerators for AI Training
Y. Wang, Q. Wang, S. Shi, X. He, Z. Tang, K. Zhao, and X. Chu · 2020
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Detection of Hate Speech in Videos Using Machine Learning
C. S. Wu and U. Bhandary · 2020
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Internet users as vulnerable and at-risk human subjects: reviewing research ethics Law for technical internet research
B. Zevenbergen · 2020
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Multimodal Deception Detection Using Automatically Extracted Acoustic, Visual, and Lexical Features
J. Zhang, S. I. Levitan, and J. Hirschberg · 2020
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Fairness On The Ground: Applying Algorithmic Fairness Approaches to Production Systems, Mar. 2021
C. Bakalar, R. Barreto, S. Bergman, M. Bogen, B. Chern, S. Corbett-Davies, M. Hall, I. Kloumann, M. Lam, J. Q. Candela, M. Raghavan, J. Simons, J. Tannen, E. Tong, K. Vredenburgh, and J. Zhao · 2021
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Multimodal datasets: misogyny, pornography, and malignant stereotypes, Oct. 2021
A. Birhane, V. U. Prabhu, and E. Kahembwe · 2021
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Stereotyping Norwegian Salmon: An Inventory of Pitfalls in Fairness Benchmark Datasets
S. L. Blodgett, G. Lopez, A. Olteanu, R. Sim, and H. Wallach · 2021
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All That’s ‘Human’ Is Not Gold: Evaluating Human Evaluation of Generated Text
E. Clark, T. August, S. Serrano, N. Haduong, S. Gururangan, and N. A. Smith · 2021
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The Benchmark Lottery, July 2021
M. Dehghani, Y. Tay, A. A. Gritsenko, Z. Zhao, N. Houlsby, F. Diaz, D. Metzler, and O. Vinyals · 2021
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Anticipating Safety Issues in E2E Conversational AI: Framework and Tooling, July 2021
E. Dinan, G. Abercrombie, A. S. Bergman, S. Spruit, D. Hovy, Y.-L. Boureau, and V. Rieser · 2021
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Documenting Large Webtext Corpora: A Case Study on the Colossal Clean Crawled Corpus, Sept. 2021
J. Dodge, M. Sap, A. Marasović, W. Agnew, G. Ilharco, D. Groeneveld, M. Mitchell, and M. Gardner · 2021
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Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council Laying Down Harmonised Rules on Artificial Intelligence (Artificial Intelligence Act) and Amending Certain Union Legislative Acts, 2021
European Commission · 2021
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Truthful AI: Developing and governing AI that does not lie, Oct. 2021
O. Evans, O. Cotton-Barratt, L. Finnveden, A. Bales, A. Balwit, P. Wills, L. Righetti, and W. Saunders · 2021
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A Survey of Race, Racism, and Anti-Racism in NLP
A. Field, S. L. Blodgett, Z. Waseem, and Y. Tsvetkov · 2021
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The GEM Benchmark: Natural Language Generation, its Evaluation and Metrics
S. Gehrmann, T. Adewumi, K. Aggarwal, P. S. Ammanamanchi, A. Aremu, A. Bosselut, K. R. Chandu, M.-A. Clinciu, D. Das, K. Dhole, W. Du, E. Durmus, O. Dušek, C. C. Emezue, V. Gangal, C. Garbacea, T. Hashimoto, Y. Hou, Y. Jernite, H. Jhamtani, Y. Ji, S. Jolly, M. Kale, D. Kumar, F. Ladhak, A. Madaan, M. Maddela, K. Mahajan, S. Mahamood, B. P. Majumder, P. H. Martins, A. McMillan-Major, S. Mille, E. van Miltenburg, M. Nadeem, S. Narayan, V. Nikolaev, A. Niyongabo Rubungo, S. Osei, A. Parikh, L. Perez-Beltrachini, N. R. Rao, V. Raunak, J. D. Rodriguez, S. Santhanam, J. Sedoc, T. Sellam, S. Shaikh, A. Shimorina, M. A. Sobrevilla Cabezudo, H. Strobelt, N. Subramani, W. Xu, D. Yang, A. Yerukola, and J. Zhou · 2021
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Intrinsic Bias Metrics Do Not Correlate with Application Bias
S. Goldfarb-Tarrant, R. Marchant, R. Muñoz Sánchez, M. Pandya, and A. Lopez · 2021
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The Disagreement Deconvolution: Bringing Machine Learning Performance Metrics In Line With Reality
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Designing Social Inquiry: Scientific Inference in Qualitative Research, New Edition
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Algorithmic monoculture and social welfare
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Toward Automated Factchecking: Developing an Annotation Schema and Benchmark for Consistent Automated Claim Detection
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Are We Learning Yet? A Meta Review of Evaluation Failures Across Machine Learning
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Opinion | If You Don’t Trust A.I. Yet, You’re Not Wrong
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Carbon Emissions and Large Neural Network Training, Apr. 2021
D. Patterson, J. Gonzalez, Q. Le, C. Liang, L.-M. Munguia, D. Rothchild, D. So, M. Texier, and J. Dean · 2021
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S. Chiesurin, D. Dimakopoulos, M. A. Sobrevilla Cabezudo, A. Eshghi, I. Papaioannou, V. Rieser, and I. Konstas · 2023
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Tools for Verifying Neural Models’ Training Data, July 2023
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An Indian politician says scandalous audio clips are AI deepfakes. We had them tested, July 2023
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HateMM: A Multi-Modal Dataset for Hate Video Classification
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ChatGPT Is Cutting Non-English Languages Out of the AI Revolution
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An Evaluation on Large Language Model Outputs: Discourse and Memorization
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Art and the science of generative AI
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Regulatory framework proposal on artificial intelligence: Shaping Europe’s digital future, Sept. 2023
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Baby steps in evaluating the capacities of large language models
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Survey of Hallucination in Natural Language Generation
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When and How Artificial Intelligence Augments Employee Creativity, Mar. 2023
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In Conversation with Artificial Intelligence: Aligning language Models with Human Values
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A Watermark for Large Language Models, June 2023
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The plausibility transition model for sensemaking
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AI safety on whose terms?
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GPT detectors are biased against non-native English writers, July 2023
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AI Transparency in the Age of LLMs: A Human-Centered Research Roadmap, Aug. 2023
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Rethinking Model Evaluation as Narrowing the Socio-Technical Gap, June 2023
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A systematic review of worldwide causal and correlational evidence on digital media and democracy
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Humans and algorithms work together — so study them together
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OpenAI Shut Down ChatGPT to Fix Bug Exposing User Chat Titles
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Capabilities of GPT-4 on Medical Challenge Problems, Apr. 2023
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Experimental evidence on the productivity effects of generative artificial intelligence
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Sortition Foundation, 2023
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Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models, July 2023
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Republicans respond to Biden reelection announcement with AI-generated attack ad, Apr. 2023
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National artificial intelligence advisory committee report, year 1
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Jailbroken: How Does LLM Safety Training Fail?, July 2023
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Human Preference Score: Better Aligning Text-to-Image Models with Human Preference, Aug. 2023
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Adversarial Textual Robustness on Visual Dialog
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Towards Automatic Boundary Detection for Human-AI Collaborative Hybrid Essay in Education, Aug. 2023
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Needle in a Haystack: An Analysis of High-Agreement Workers on MTurk for Summarization, June 2023
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Synthetic Lies: Understanding AI-Generated Misinformation and Evaluating Algorithmic and Human Solutions
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AI is already taking video game illustrators’ jobs in China, Apr. 2023
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Universal and Transferable Attacks on Aligned Language Models, 2023
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Artificial intelligence in communication impacts language and social relationships
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Deepfakes and Disinformation: Exploring the Impact of Synthetic Political Video on Deception, Uncertainty, and Trust in News
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Occupational, industry, and geographic exposure to artificial intelligence: A novel dataset and its potential uses
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