DualVLA: Building a Generalizable Embodied Agent via Partial Decoupling of Reasoning and Action

The perception-action coupling

William H Warren Jr · 1990

Earlier work this paper cites.

Do expertise and the degree of perception—action coupling affect natural anticipatory performance?

Damian Farrow and Bruce Abernethy · 2003

Earlier work this paper cites.

Towards vqa models that can read

Amanpreet Singh, Vivek Natarjan, Meet Shah, Yu Jiang, Xinlei Chen, Devi Parikh, and Marcus Rohrbach · 2019

Earlier work this paper cites.

Scaling laws for neural language models

Original

Jared Kaplan, Sam McCandlish, Tom Henighan, Tom B Brown, Benjamin Chess, Rewon Child, Scott Gray, Alec Radford, Jeffrey Wu, and Dario Amodei · 2020

Earlier work this paper cites.

Contrastive learning for unpaired image-to-image translation

Taesung Park, Alexei A Efros, Richard Zhang, and Jun-Yan Zhu · 2020

Earlier work this paper cites.

Docvqa: A dataset for vqa on document images

Minesh Mathew, Dimosthenis Karatzas, and CV Jawahar · 2021

Earlier work this paper cites.

Infographicvqa

Minesh Mathew, Viraj Bagal, Rubèn Tito, Dimosthenis Karatzas, Ernest Valveny, and CV Jawahar · 2022

Earlier work this paper cites.

Calvin: A benchmark for language-conditioned policy learning for long-horizon robot manipulation tasks

Oier Mees, Lukas Hermann, Erick Rosete-Beas, and Wolfram Burgard · 2022

Earlier work this paper cites.

Progressive attention on multi-level dense difference maps for generic event boundary detection

Jiaqi Tang, Zhaoyang Liu, Chen Qian, Wayne Wu, and Limin Wang · 2022

Earlier work this paper cites.

Intentqa: Context-aware video intent reasoning

Jiapeng Li, Ping Wei, Wenjuan Han, and Lifeng Fan · 2023

Earlier work this paper cites.

Libero: Benchmarking knowledge transfer for lifelong robot learning

Bo Liu, Yifeng Zhu, Chongkai Gao, Yihao Feng, Qiang Liu, Yuke Zhu, and Peter Stone · 2023

Earlier work this paper cites.

Toolllm: Facilitating large language models to master 16000+ real-world apis

Original

Yujia Qin, Shihao Liang, Yining Ye, Kunlun Zhu, Lan Yan, Yaxi Lu, Yankai Lin, Xin Cong, Xiangru Tang, Bill Qian, et al · 2023

Earlier work this paper cites.

Gemini: a family of highly capable multimodal models

Original

Gemini Team, Rohan Anil, Sebastian Borgeaud, Jean-Baptiste Alayrac, Jiahui Yu, Radu Soricut, Johan Schalkwyk, Andrew M Dai, Anja Hauth, Katie Millican, et al · 2023

Earlier work this paper cites.

Bridgedata v2: A dataset for robot learning at scale

Homer Rich Walke, Kevin Black, Tony Z Zhao, Quan Vuong, Chongyi Zheng, Philippe Hansen-Estruch, Andre Wang He, Vivek Myers, Moo Jin Kim, Max Du, et al · 2023

Earlier work this paper cites.

Mm-vet: Evaluating large multimodal models for integrated capabilities

Original

Weihao Yu, Zhengyuan Yang, Linjie Li, Jianfeng Wang, Kevin Lin, Zicheng Liu, Xinchao Wang, and Lijuan Wang · 2023

Earlier work this paper cites.

Judging llm-as-a-judge with mt-bench and chatbot arena

Lianmin Zheng, Wei-Lin Chiang, Ying Sheng, Siyuan Zhuang, Zhanghao Wu, Yonghao Zhuang, Zi Lin, Zhuohan Li, Dacheng Li, Eric Xing, et al · 2023

Earlier work this paper cites.

Rt-2: Vision-language-action models transfer web knowledge to robotic control

Original

Brianna Zitkovich, Tianhe Yu, Sichun Xu, Peng Xu, Ted Xiao, Fei Xia, Jialin Wu, Paul Wohlhart, Stefan Welker, Ayzaan Wahid, et al · 2023

Earlier work this paper cites.

π 0 \pi_{0} : A vision-language-action flow model for general robot control

Original

Kevin Black, Noah Brown, Danny Driess, Adnan Esmail, Michael Equi, Chelsea Finn, Niccolo Fusai, Lachy Groom, Karol Hausman, Brian Ichter, et al · 2024

Earlier work this paper cites.

A survey on llm-as-a-judge

Original

Jiawei Gu, Xuhui Jiang, Zhichao Shi, Hexiang Tan, Xuehao Zhai, Chengjin Xu, Wei Li, Yinghan Shen, Shengjie Ma, Honghao Liu, et al · 2024

Cited alongside, same era.

Vbench: Comprehensive benchmark suite for video generative models

Ziqi Huang, Yinan He, Jiashuo Yu, Fan Zhang, Chenyang Si, Yuming Jiang, Yuanhan Zhang, Tianxing Wu, Qingyang Jin, Nattapol Chanpaisit, et al · 2024

Cited alongside, same era.

Gpt-4o system card

Original

Aaron Hurst, Adam Lerer, Adam P Goucher, Adam Perelman, Aditya Ramesh, Aidan Clark, AJ Ostrow, Akila Welihinda, Alan Hayes, Alec Radford, et al · 2024

Cited alongside, same era.

Prismatic vlms: Investigating the design space of visually-conditioned language models

Siddharth Karamcheti, Suraj Nair, Ashwin Balakrishna, Percy Liang, Thomas Kollar, and Dorsa Sadigh · 2024

Cited alongside, same era.

Openvla: An open-source vision-language-action model

Omnispatial: Towards comprehensive spatial reasoning benchmark for vision language models

Original

Mengdi Jia, Zekun Qi, Shaochen Zhang, Wenyao Zhang, Xinqiang Yu, Jiawei He, He Wang, and Li Yi · 2025

Closest in time.

Mme-cot: Benchmarking chain-of-thought in large multimodal models for reasoning quality, robustness, and efficiency

Original

Dongzhi Jiang, Renrui Zhang, Ziyu Guo, Yanwei Li, Yu Qi, Xinyan Chen, Liuhui Wang, Jianhan Jin, Claire Guo, Shen Yan, et al · 2025

Closest in time.

Droid: A large-scale in-the-wild robot manipulation dataset, 2025

Alexander Khazatsky, Karl Pertsch, Suraj Nair, Ashwin Balakrishna, Sudeep Dasari, Siddharth Karamcheti, Soroush Nasiriany, Mohan Kumar Srirama, Lawrence Yunliang Chen, Kirsty Ellis, Peter David Fagan, Joey Hejna, Masha Itkina, Marion Lepert, Yecheng Jason Ma, Patrick Tree Miller, Jimmy Wu, Suneel Belkhale, Shivin Dass, Huy Ha, Arhan Jain, Abraham Lee, Youngwoon Lee, Marius Memmel, Sungjae Park, Ilija Radosavovic, Kaiyuan Wang, Albert Zhan, Kevin Black, Cheng Chi, Kyle Beltran Hatch, Shan Lin, Jingpei Lu, Jean Mercat, Abdul Rehman, Pannag R Sanketi, Archit Sharma, Cody Simpson, Quan Vuong, Homer Rich Walke, Blake Wulfe, Ted Xiao, Jonathan Heewon Yang, Arefeh Yavary, Tony Z. Zhao, Christopher Agia, Rohan Baijal, Mateo Guaman Castro, Daphne Chen, Qiuyu Chen, Trinity Chung, Jaimyn Drake, Ethan Paul Foster, Jensen Gao, Vitor Guizilini, David Antonio Herrera, Minho Heo, Kyle Hsu, Jiaheng Hu, Muhammad Zubair Irshad, Donovon Jackson, Charlotte Le, Yunshuang Li, Kevin Lin, Roy Lin, Zehan Ma, Abhiram Maddukuri, Suvir Mirchandani, Daniel Morton, Tony Nguyen, Abigail O’Neill, Rosario Scalise, Derick Seale, Victor Son, Stephen Tian, Emi Tran, Andrew E. Wang, Yilin Wu, Annie Xie, Jingyun Yang, Patrick Yin, Yunchu Zhang, Osbert Bastani, Glen Berseth, Jeannette Bohg, Ken Goldberg, Abhinav Gupta, Abhishek Gupta, Dinesh Jayaraman, Joseph J Lim, Jitendra Malik, Roberto Martín-Martín, Subramanian Ramamoorthy, Dorsa Sadigh, Shuran Song, Jiajun Wu, Michael C. Yip, Yuke Zhu, Thomas Kollar, Sergey Levine, and Chelsea Finn · 2025