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The ability of large language models (LLMs) to follow instructions is crucial for their practical applications, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.
Sparse coding with an overcomplete basis set: A strategy employed by v1?
Bruno A. Olshausen and David J. Field. 1997 · 1997
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Interpretability beyond feature attribution: Quantitative testing with concept activation vectors (tcav)
Been Kim, Martin Wattenberg, Justin Gilmer, Carrie Cai, James Wexler, Fernanda Viegas, et al. 2018 · 2018
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Probing classifiers: Promises, shortcomings, and advances
Yonatan Belinkov. 2022 · 2022
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Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback
Long Ouyang, Jeffrey Wu, Xu Jiang, Diogo Almeida, Carroll Wainwright, Pamela Mishkin, Chong Zhang, Sandhini Agarwal, Katarina Slama, Alex Ray, et al. 2022 · 2022
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Multitask prompted training enables zero-shot task generalization
Victor Sanh, Albert Webson, Colin Raffel, Stephen H Bach, Lintang Sutawika, Zaid Alyafeai, Antoine Chaffin, Arnaud Stiegler, Teven Le Scao, Arun Raja, et al. 2022 · 2022
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Taking features out of superposition with sparse autoencoders
Lee Sharkey, Dan Braun, and Beren Millidge. 2022 · 2022
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Finetuned language models are zero-shot learners
Jason Wei, Maarten Bosma, Vincent Zhao, Kelvin Guu, Adams Wei Yu, Brian Lester, Nan Du, Andrew M. Dai, and Quoc V Le. 2022 · 2022
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Towards monosemanticity: Decomposing language models with dictionary learning
Trenton Bricken, Adly Templeton, Joshua Batson, Brian Chen, Adam Jermyn, Tom Conerly, Nicholas L Turner, Cem Anil, Carson Denison, Amanda Askell, Robert Lasenby, Yifan Wu, Shauna Kravec, Nicholas Schiefer, Tim Maxwell, Nicholas Joseph, Alex Tamkin, Karina Nguyen, Brayden McLean, Josiah E Burke, Tristan Hume, Shan Carter, Tom Henighan, and Chris Olah. 2023 · 2023
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Do models really learn to follow instructions? an empirical study of instruction tuning
Po-Nien Kung and Nanyun Peng. 2023 · 2023
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Neuronpedia: Interactive reference and tooling for analyzing neural networks
Johnny Lin. 2023 · 2023
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Evaluating large language models on controlled generation tasks
Jiao Sun, Yufei Tian, Wangchunshu Zhou, Nan Xu, Qian Hu, Rahul Gupta, John Wieting, Nanyun Peng, and Xuezhe Ma. 2023 · 2023
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Linear representations of sentiment in large language models
Curt Tigges, Oskar John Hollinsworth, Atticus Geiger, and Neel Nanda. 2023 · 2023
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Instruction-following evaluation for large language models
Jeffrey Zhou, Tianjian Lu, Swaroop Mishra, Siddhartha Brahma, Sujoy Basu, Yi Luan, Denny Zhou, and Le Hou. 2023 · 2023
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Representation engineering: A top-down approach to ai transparency
Andy Zou, Long Phan, Sarah Chen, James Campbell, Phillip Guo, Richard Ren, Alexander Pan, Xuwang Yin, Mantas Mazeika, Ann-Kathrin Dombrowski, Shashwat Goel, Nathaniel Li, Michael J. Byun, Zifan Wang, Alex Mallen, Steven Basart, Sanmi Koyejo, Dawn Song, Matt Fredrikson, J. Zico Kolter, and Dan Hendrycks. 2023 · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
Gemma scope: Open sparse autoencoders everywhere all at once on gemma 2
Tom Lieberum, Senthooran Rajamanoharan, Arthur Conmy, Lewis Smith, Nicolas Sonnerat, Vikrant Varma, János Kramár, Anca Dragan, Rohin Shah, and Neel Nanda. 2024 · 2024
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Instruction position matters in sequence generation with large language models
Yijin Liu, Xianfeng Zeng, Fandong Meng, and Jie Zhou. 2024 · 2024
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(why) is my prompt getting worse? rethinking regression testing for evolving llm apis
Wanqin Ma, Chenyang Yang, and Christian Kästner. 2024 · 2024
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The geometry of truth: Emergent linear structure in large language model representations of true/false datasets
Samuel Marks and Max Tegmark. 2024 · 2024
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Jumping ahead: Improving reconstruction fidelity with jumprelu sparse autoencoders
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Andy Arditi, Oscar Obeso, Aaquib Syed, Daniel Paleka, Nina Panickssery, Wes Gurnee, and Neel Nanda. 2024 · 2024
Cited alongside, same era.
Scaling instruction-finetuned language models
Hyung Won Chung, Le Hou, Shayne Longpre, Barret Zoph, Yi Tay, William Fedus, Yunxuan Li, Xuezhi Wang, Mostafa Dehghani, Siddhartha Brahma, Albert Webson, Shixiang Shane Gu, Zhuyun Dai, Mirac Suzgun, Xinyun Chen, Aakanksha Chowdhery, Alex Castro-Ros, Marie Pellat, Kevin Robinson, Dasha Valter, Sharan Narang, Gaurav Mishra, Adams Yu, Vincent Zhao, Yanping Huang, Andrew Dai, Hongkun Yu, Slav Petrov, Ed H. Chi, Jeff Dean, Jacob Devlin, Adam Roberts, Denny Zhou, Quoc V. Le, and Jason Wei. 2024 · 2024
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Scaling and evaluating sparse autoencoders
Leo Gao, Tom Dupré la Tour, Henk Tillman, Gabriel Goh, Rajan Troll, Alec Radford, Ilya Sutskever, Jan Leike, and Jeffrey Wu. 2024 · 2024
Cited alongside, same era.
Llama scope: Extracting millions of features from llama-3.1-8b with sparse autoencoders
Zhengfu He, Wentao Shu, Xuyang Ge, Lingjie Chen, Junxuan Wang, Yunhua Zhou, Frances Liu, Qipeng Guo, Xuanjing Huang, Zuxuan Wu, et al. 2024 · 2024
Cited alongside, same era.
Instruction following without instruction tuning
John Hewitt, Nelson F Liu, Percy Liang, and Christopher D Manning. 2024 · 2024
Cited alongside, same era.
Improving activation steering in language models with mean-centring
Ole Jorgensen, Dylan Cope, Nandi Schoots, and Murray Shanahan. 2024 · 2024
Cited alongside, same era.
Interpreting attention layer outputs with sparse autoencoders
Connor Kissane, Robert Krzyzanowski, Joseph Isaac Bloom, Arthur Conmy, and Neel Nanda. 2024 · 2024
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Measuring and controlling persona drift in language model dialogs
Kenneth Li, Tianle Liu, Naomi Bashkansky, David Bau, Fernanda Viégas, Hanspeter Pfister, and Martin Wattenberg. 2024a
Cited in the paper.
Senthooran Rajamanoharan, Tom Lieberum, Nicolas Sonnerat, Arthur Conmy, Vikrant Varma, János Kramár, and Neel Nanda. 2024 · 2024
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Steering llama 2 via contrastive activation addition
Nina Rimsky, Nick Gabrieli, Julian Schulz, Meg Tong, Evan Hubinger, and Alexander Turner. 2024 · 2024
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Improving instruction-following in language models through activation steering
Alessandro Stolfo, Vidhisha Balachandran, Safoora Yousefi, Eric Horvitz, and Besmira Nushi. 2024 · 2024
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Gemma 2: Improving open language models at a practical size
Gemma Team, Morgane Riviere, Shreya Pathak, Pier Giuseppe Sessa, Cassidy Hardin, Surya Bhupatiraju, Léonard Hussenot, Thomas Mesnard, Bobak Shahriari, Alexandre Ramé, et al. 2024 · 2024
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Lima: Less is more for alignment
Chunting Zhou, Pengfei Liu, Puxin Xu, Srinivasan Iyer, Jiao Sun, Yuning Mao, Xuezhe Ma, Avia Efrat, Ping Yu, Lili Yu, et al. 2024 · 2024
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Do i know this entity? knowledge awareness and hallucinations in language models
Javier Ferrando, Oscar Balcells Obeso, Senthooran Rajamanoharan, and Neel Nanda. 2025 · 2025
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Beyond single concept vector: Modeling concept subspace in LLMs with gaussian distribution
Haiyan Zhao, Heng Zhao, Bo Shen, Ali Payani, Fan Yang, and Mengnan Du. 2025 · 2025
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