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Large Language Models (LLMs) face a crucial challenge from fixed context windows and inadequate memory management, leading to a severe shortage of long-term memory capabilities and limited personalization in the interactive experience with AI agents.
Virtual memory
Peter J. Denning. 1970 · 1970
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The multics virtual memory: Concepts and design
André Bensoussan, C. T. Clingen, and R. C. Daley. 1972 · 1972
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Bleu: a method for automatic evaluation of machine translation
Kishore Papineni, Salim Roukos, Todd Ward, and Wei-Jing Zhu. 2002 · 2002
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Segment-page-combined memory management technology based on a homegrown many-core processor
Yan Zheng, Tong Zou, and Xingyan Wang. 2020 · 2020
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Think-in-memory: Recalling and post-thinking enable llms with long-term memory
Lei Liu, Xiaoyan Yang, Yue Shen, Binbin Hu, Zhiqiang Zhang, Jinjie Gu, and Guannan Zhang. 2023 · 2023
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Memgpt: Towards llms as operating systems
Charles Packer, Vivian Fang, Shishir_G Patil, Kevin Lin, Sarah Wooders, and Joseph_E Gonzalez. 2023 · 2023
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Generative agents: Interactive simulacra of human behavior
Joon Sung Park, Joseph O’Brien, Carrie Jun Cai, Meredith Ringel Morris, Percy Liang, and Michael S Bernstein. 2023 · 2023
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Emotional rag: Enhancing role-playing agents through emotional retrieval
Le Huang, Hengzhi Lan, Zijun Sun, Chuan Shi, and Ting Bai. 2024 · 2024
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Hello again! llm-powered personalized agent for long-term dialogue
Hao Li, Chenghao Yang, An Zhang, Yang Deng, Xiang Wang, and Tat-Seng Chua. 2024 · 2024
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Evaluating very long-term conversational memory of LLM agents
Adyasha Maharana, Dong-Ho Lee, Sergey Tulyakov, Mohit Bansal, Francesco Barbieri, and Yuwei Fang. 2024 · 2024
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Generative dense retrieval: Memory can be a burden
Peiwen Yuan, Xinglin Wang, Shaoxiong Feng, Boyuan Pan, Yiwei Li, Heda Wang, Xupeng Miao, and Kan Li. 2024 · 2024
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A survey on the memory mechanism of large language model-based agents
Zeyu Zhang, Xiaohe Bo, Chen Ma, Rui Li, Xu Chen, Quanyu Dai, Jieming Zhu, Zhenhua Dong, and Ji-Rong Wen. 2024 · 2024
Deepseek-r1: Incentivizing reasoning capability in llms via reinforcement learning
DeepSeek-AI, Daya Guo, Dejian Yang, Haowei Zhang, Junxiao Song, Ruoyu Zhang, Runxin Xu, Qihao Zhu, Shirong Ma, Peiyi Wang, Xiao Bi, Xiaokang Zhang, Xingkai Yu, Yu Wu, Z. F. Wu, Zhibin Gou, Zhihong Shao, Zhuoshu Li, Ziyi Gao, and 5 others. 2025 · 2025
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Rethinking memory in ai: Taxonomy, operations, topics, and future directions
Yiming Du, Wenyu Huang, Danna Zheng, Zhaowei Wang, Sebastien Montella, Mirella Lapata, Kam-Fai Wong, and Jeff Z Pan. 2025 · 2025
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From 1,000,000 users to every user: Scaling up personalized preference for user-level alignment
Jia-Nan Li, Jian Guan, Songhao Wu, Wei Wu, and Rui Yan. 2025 · 2025
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A grounded memory system for smart personal assistants
Felix Ocker, Jörg Deigmöller, Pavel Smirnov, and Julian Eggert. 2025 · 2025
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Memorybank: Enhancing large language models with long-term memory
Wanjun Zhong, Lianghong Guo, Qiqi Gao, He Ye, and Yanlin Wang. 2024 · 2024
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Mem0: Building production-ready ai agents with scalable long-term memory
Prateek Chhikara, Dev Khant, Saket Aryan, Taranjeet Singh, and Deshraj Yadav. 2025 · 2025
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Bing Wang, Xinnian Liang, Jian Yang, Hui Huang, Shuangzhi Wu, Peihao Wu, Lu Lu, Zejun Ma, and Zhoujun Li. 2025 · 2025
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From human memory to ai memory: A survey on memory mechanisms in the era of llms
Yaxiong Wu, Sheng Liang, Chen Zhang, Yichao Wang, Yongyue Zhang, Huifeng Guo, Ruiming Tang, and Yong Liu. 2025 · 2025
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A-mem: Agentic memory for llm agents
Wujiang Xu, Zujie Liang, Kai Mei, Hang Gao, Juntao Tan, and Yongfeng Zhang. 2025 · 2025
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