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Large language models (LLMs)-powered AI agents exhibit a high level of autonomy in addressing medical and healthcare challenges.
Major global cyber-attack hits nhs and delays treatment, 2017
Adrian O’dowd · 2017
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FigStep: Jailbreaking Large Vision-language Models via Typographic Visual Prompts, 2023
Yichen Gong, Delong Ran, Jinyuan Liu, Conglei Wang, Tianshuo Cong, Anyu Wang, Sisi Duan, and Xiaoyun Wang · 2023
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Chatgpt: the future of discharge summaries?
Sajan B Patel and Kyle Lam · 2023
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Large ai models in health informatics: Applications, challenges, and the future
Jianing Qiu, Lin Li, Jiankai Sun, Jiachuan Peng, Peilun Shi, Ruiyang Zhang, Yinzhao Dong, Kyle Lam, Frank P.-W. Lo, Bo Xiao, Wu Yuan, Ningli Wang, Dong Xu, and Benny Lo · 2023
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A survey of reasoning with foundation models
Jiankai Sun, Chuanyang Zheng, Enze Xie, Zhengying Liu, Ruihang Chu, Jianing Qiu, Jiaqi Xu, Mingyu Ding, Hongyang Li, Mengzhe Geng, et al · 2023
Earlier work this paper cites.
Universal and Transferable Adversarial Attacks on Aligned Language Models, 2023
Andy Zou, Zifan Wang, J. Zico Kolter, and Matt Fredrikson · 2023
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AgentPoison: Red-teaming LLM Agents via Poisoning Memory or Knowledge Bases
Zhaorun Chen, Zhen Xiang, Chaowei Xiao, Dawn Song, and Bo Li · 2024
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AgentDojo: A Dynamic Environment to Evaluate Prompt Injection Attacks and Defenses for LLM Agents
Edoardo Debenedetti, Jie Zhang, Mislav Balunovic, Luca Beurer-Kellner, Marc Fischer, and Florian Tramèr · 2024
Earlier work this paper cites.
Aaron Grattafiori, Abhimanyu Dubey, Abhinav Jauhri, Abhinav Pandey, Abhishek Kadian, Ahmad Al-Dahle, Aiesha Letman, Akhil Mathur, Alan Schelten, Alex Vaughan, et al · 2024
Earlier work this paper cites.
Agent Smith: A Single Image Can Jailbreak One Million Multimodal LLM Agents Exponentially Fast
Xiangming Gu, Xiaosen Zheng, Tianyu Pang, Chao Du, Qian Liu, Ye Wang, Jing Jiang, and Min Lin · 2024
Earlier work this paper cites.
Aaron Hurst, Adam Lerer, Adam P Goucher, Adam Perelman, Aditya Ramesh, Aidan Clark, AJ Ostrow, Akila Welihinda, Alan Hayes, Alec Radford, et al · 2024
Cited alongside, same era.
Aaron Jaech, Adam Kalai, Adam Lerer, Adam Richardson, Ahmed El-Kishky, Aiden Low, Alec Helyar, Aleksander Madry, Alex Beutel, Alex Carney, et al · 2024
Cited alongside, same era.
Cyberattacks on health care-a growing threat, 2024
The Lancet · 2024
Cited alongside, same era.
Visual Adversarial Examples Jailbreak Aligned Large Language Models
Xiangyu Qi, Kaixuan Huang, Ashwinee Panda, Peter Henderson, Mengdi Wang, and Prateek Mittal · 2024
Cited alongside, same era.
Jailbreak in pieces: Compositional Adversarial Attacks on Multi-Modal Language Models
Erfan Shayegani, Yue Dong, and Nael Abu-Ghazaleh · 2024
Cited alongside, same era.
Instructions as Backdoors: Backdoor Vulnerabilities of Instruction Tuning for Large Language Models
Jiashu Xu, Mingyu Ma, Fei Wang, Chaowei Xiao, and Muhao Chen · 2024
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Almanac—retrieval-augmented language models for clinical medicine
Cyril Zakka, Rohan Shad, Akash Chaurasia, Alex R Dalal, Jennifer L Kim, Michael Moor, Robyn Fong, Curran Phillips, Kevin Alexander, Euan Ashley, et al · 2024
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InjecAgent: Benchmarking Indirect Prompt Injections in Tool-Integrated Large Language Model Agents
Qiusi Zhan, Zhixiang Liang, Zifan Ying, and Daniel Kang · 2024
Later among the works it cites.
Agent Security Bench (ASB): Formalizing and Benchmarking Attacks and Defenses in LLM-based Agents
Hanrong Zhang, Jingyuan Huang, Kai Mei, Yifei Yao, Zhenting Wang, Chenlu Zhan, Hongwei Wang, and Yongfeng Zhang · 2024
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Healthcare must strengthen its cybersecurity
Mair Crouch · 2025
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The virtual lab: Ai agents design new sars-cov-2 nanobodies with experimental validation
Kyle Swanson, Wesley Wu, Nash L Bulaong, John E Pak, and James Zou · 2024
Cited alongside, same era.
Medco: Medical education copilots based on a multi-agent framework
Hao Wei, Jianing Qiu, Haibao Yu, and Wu Yuan · 2024
Cited alongside, same era.
Dissecting Adversarial Robustness of Multimodal LM Agents
Chen Henry Wu, Rishi Rajesh Shah, Jing Yu Koh, Russ Salakhutdinov, Daniel Fried, and Aditi Raghunathan · 2024
Cited alongside, same era.
BadChain: Backdoor Chain-of-Thought Prompting for Large Language Models
Zhen Xiang, Fengqing Jiang, Zidi Xiong, Bhaskar Ramasubramanian, Radha Poovendran, and Bo Li · 2024
Cited alongside, same era.
Jailbreaking Leading Safety-Aligned LLMs with Simple Adaptive Attacks, 2024a
Maksym Andriushchenko, Francesco Croce, and Nicolas Flammarion
Cited in the paper.
AgentHarm: A Benchmark for Measuring Harmfulness of LLM Agents
Maksym Andriushchenko, Alexandra Souly, Mateusz Dziemian, Derek Duenas, Maxwell Lin, Justin Wang, Dan Hendrycks, Andy Zou, J. Zico Kolter, Matt Fredrikson, Yarin Gal, and Xander Davies
Cited in the paper.
Mmedagent: Learning to use medical tools with multi-modal agent
Binxu Li, Tiankai Yan, Yuanting Pan, Jie Luo, Ruiyang Ji, Jiayuan Ding, Zhe Xu, Shilong Liu, Haoyu Dong, Zihao Lin, et al
Cited in the paper.
Adibvafa Fallahpour, Jun Ma, Alif Munim, Hongwei Lyu, and Bo Wang · 2025
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Deepseek-r1: Incentivizing reasoning capability in llms via reinforcement learning
Daya Guo, Dejian Yang, Haowei Zhang, Junxiao Song, Ruoyu Zhang, Runxin Xu, Qihao Zhu, Shirong Ma, Peiyi Wang, Xiao Bi, et al · 2025
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Fine-tuning llms with medical data: Can safety be ensured?
Minkyoung Kim, Yunha Kim, Hee Jun Kang, Hyeram Seo, Heejung Choi, JiYe Han, Gaeun Kee, Seohyun Park, Soyoung Ko, HyoJe Jung, et al · 2025
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EIA: Environmental Injection Attack on Generalist Web Agents for Privacy Leakage
Zeyi Liao, Lingbo Mo, Chejian Xu, Mintong Kang, Jiawei Zhang, Chaowei Xiao, Yuan Tian, Bo Li, and Huan Sun · 2025
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