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This work introduces RARE (Retrieval-Augmented Reasoning Enhancement), a versatile extension to the mutual reasoning framework (rStar), aimed at enhancing reasoning accuracy and factual integrity across large language models (LLMs) for complex, knowledge-intensive tasks such as commonsense and medical reasoning.
Askhermes: An online question answering system for complex clinical questions
YongGang Cao, Feifan Liu, Pippa Simpson, Lamont Antieau, Andrew Bennett, James J Cimino, John Ely, and Hong Yu. 2011 · 2011
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Pubmed and beyond: a survey of web tools for searching biomedical literature
Zhiyong Lu. 2011 · 2011
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A survey of monte carlo tree search methods
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Commonsense for generative multi-hop question answering tasks
Lisa Bauer, Yicheng Wang, and Mohit Bansal. 2018 · 2018
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A general reinforcement learning algorithm that masters chess, shogi, and go through self-play
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Self-adaptive mcts for general video game playing
Chiara F Sironi, Jialin Liu, Diego Perez-Liebana, Raluca D Gaina, Ivan Bravi, Simon M Lucas, and Mark HM Winands. 2018 · 2018
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Commonsenseqa: A question answering challenge targeting commonsense knowledge
Alon Talmor, Jonathan Herzig, Nicholas Lourie, and Jonathan Berant. 2018 · 2018
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Hotpotqa: A dataset for diverse, explainable multi-hop question answering
Zhilin Yang, Peng Qi, Saizheng Zhang, Yoshua Bengio, William W Cohen, Ruslan Salakhutdinov, and Christopher D Manning. 2018 · 2018
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Natural questions: a benchmark for question answering research
Tom Kwiatkowski, Jennimaria Palomaki, Olivia Redfield, Michael Collins, Ankur Parikh, Chris Alberti, Danielle Epstein, Illia Polosukhin, Jacob Devlin, Kenton Lee, et al. 2019 · 2019
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Chimed: A chinese medical corpus for question answering
Yuanhe Tian, Weicheng Ma, Fei Xia, and Yan Song. 2019 · 2019
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Piqa: Reasoning about physical commonsense in natural language
Yonatan Bisk, Rowan Zellers, Jianfeng Gao, Yejin Choi, et al. 2020 · 2020
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Improving commonsense question answering by graph-based iterative retrieval over multiple knowledge sources
Qianglong Chen, Feng Ji, Haiqing Chen, and Yin Zhang. 2020 · 2020
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Colbert: Efficient and effective passage search via contextualized late interaction over bert
Omar Khattab and Matei Zaharia. 2020 · 2020
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Did aristotle use a laptop? a question answering benchmark with implicit reasoning strategies
Mor Geva, Daniel Khashabi, Elad Segal, Tushar Khot, Dan Roth, and Jonathan Berant. 2021 · 2021
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What disease does this patient have? a large-scale open domain question answering dataset from medical exams
Di Jin, Eileen Pan, Nassim Oufattole, Wei-Hung Weng, Hanyi Fang, and Peter Szolovits. 2021 · 2021
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Beir: A heterogenous benchmark for zero-shot evaluation of information retrieval models
Nandan Thakur, Nils Reimers, Andreas Rücklé, Abhishek Srivastava, and Iryna Gurevych. 2021 · 2021
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Wenhu Chen, Xueguang Ma, Xinyi Wang, and William W Cohen. 2022 · 2022
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Decomposed prompting: A modular approach for solving complex tasks
Tushar Khot, Harsh Trivedi, Matthew Finlayson, Yao Fu, Kyle Richardson, Peter Clark, and Ashish Sabharwal. 2022 · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Medical question understanding and answering with knowledge grounding and semantic self-supervision
Khalil Mrini, Harpreet Singh, Franck Dernoncourt, Seunghyun Yoon, Trung Bui, Walter Chang, Emilia Farcas, and Ndapa Nakashole. 2022 · 2022
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Medmcqa: A large-scale multi-subject multi-choice dataset for medical domain question answering
Ankit Pal, Logesh Kumar Umapathi, and Malaikannan Sankarasubbu. 2022 · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Self-consistency improves chain of thought reasoning in language models
Xuezhi Wang, Jason Wei, Dale Schuurmans, Quoc Le, Ed Chi, Sharan Narang, Aakanksha Chowdhery, and Denny Zhou. 2022 · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Abhimanyu Dubey, Abhinav Jauhri, Abhinav Pandey, Abhishek Kadian, Ahmad Al-Dahle, Aiesha Letman, Akhil Mathur, Alan Schelten, Amy Yang, Angela Fan, et al. 2024 · 2024
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Retrieval augmentation of large language models for lay language generation
Yue Guo, Wei Qiu, Gondy Leroy, Sheng Wang, and Trevor Cohen. 2024 · 2024
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Serts: Self-rewarding tree search for biomedical retrieval-augmented generation
Minda Hu, Licheng Zong, Hongru Wang, Jingyan Zhou, Jingjing Li, Yichen Gao, Kam-Fai Wong, Yu Li, and Irwin King. 2024 · 2024
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Ritek: A dataset for large language models complex reasoning over textual knowledge graphs
Jiatan Huang, Mingchen Li, Zonghai Yao, Zhichao Yang, Yongkang Xiao, Feiyun Ouyang, Xiaohan Li, Shuo Han, and Hong Yu. 2024 · 2024
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Improving medical reasoning through retrieval and self-reflection with retrieval-augmented large language models
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Chain-of-thought prompting elicits reasoning in large language models
Jason Wei, Xuezhi Wang, Dale Schuurmans, Maarten Bosma, Fei Xia, Ed Chi, Quoc V Le, Denny Zhou, et al. 2022 · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Medconqa: medical conversational question answering system based on knowledge graphs
Fei Xia, Bin Li, Yixuan Weng, Shizhu He, Kang Liu, Bin Sun, Shutao Li, and Jun Zhao. 2022 · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Focus-driven contrastive learning for medical question summarization
Ming Zhang, Shuai Dou, Ziyang Wang, and Yunfang Wu. 2022 · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Least-to-most prompting enables complex reasoning in large language models
Denny Zhou, Nathanael Schärli, Le Hou, Jason Wei, Nathan Scales, Xuezhi Wang, Dale Schuurmans, Claire Cui, Olivier Bousquet, Quoc Le, et al. 2022 · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Paniniqa: Enhancing patient education through interactive question answering
Pengshan Cai, Zonghai Yao, Fei Liu, Dakuo Wang, Meghan Reilly, Huixue Zhou, Lingxi Li, Yi Cao, Alok Kapoor, Adarsha Bajracharya, et al. 2023 · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
Everything of thoughts: Defying the law of penrose triangle for thought generation
Ruomeng Ding, Chaoyun Zhang, Lu Wang, Yong Xu, Minghua Ma, Wei Zhang, Si Qin, Saravan Rajmohan, Qingwei Lin, and Dongmei Zhang. 2023 · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
Alphazero-like tree-search can guide large language model decoding and training
Xidong Feng, Ziyu Wan, Muning Wen, Stephen Marcus McAleer, Ying Wen, Weinan Zhang, and Jun Wang. 2023 · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
Reasoning with language model is planning with world model
Shibo Hao, Yi Gu, Haodi Ma, Joshua Jiahua Hong, Zhen Wang, Daisy Zhe Wang, and Zhiting Hu. 2023 · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
Minbyul Jeong, Jiwoong Sohn, Mujeen Sung, and Jaewoo Kang. 2024 · 2024
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Biomedrag: A retrieval augmented large language model for biomedicine
Mingchen Li, Halil Kilicoglu, Hua Xu, and Rui Zhang. 2024 · 2024
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Mutual reasoning makes smaller llms stronger problem-solvers
Zhenting Qi, Mingyuan Ma, Jiahang Xu, Li Lyna Zhang, Fan Yang, and Mao Yang. 2024 · 2024
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Medical dialogue: A survey of categories, methods, evaluation and challenges
Xiaoming Shi, Zeming Liu, Li Du, Yuxuan Wang, Hongru Wang, Yuhang Guo, Tong Ruan, Jie Xu, and Shaoting Zhang. 2024 · 2024
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Toward self-improvement of llms via imagination, searching, and criticizing
Ye Tian, Baolin Peng, Linfeng Song, Lifeng Jin, Dian Yu, Haitao Mi, and Dong Yu. 2024 · 2024
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Junda Wang, Zhichao Yang, Zonghai Yao, and Hong Yu. 2024 · 2024
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Long-form factuality in large language models
Jerry Wei, Chengrun Yang, Xinying Song, Yifeng Lu, Nathan Hu, Jie Huang, Dustin Tran, Daiyi Peng, Ruibo Liu, Da Huang, et al. 2024 · 2024
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Pmc-llama: toward building open-source language models for medicine
Chaoyi Wu, Weixiong Lin, Xiaoman Zhang, Ya Zhang, Weidi Xie, and Yanfeng Wang. 2024 · 2024
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Zonghai Yao, Aditya Parashar, Huixue Zhou, Won Seok Jang, Feiyun Ouyang, Zhichao Yang, and Hong Yu. 2024 · 2024
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Almanac—retrieval-augmented language models for clinical medicine
Cyril Zakka, Rohan Shad, Akash Chaurasia, Alex R Dalal, Jennifer L Kim, Michael Moor, Robyn Fong, Curran Phillips, Kevin Alexander, Euan Ashley, et al. 2024 · 2024
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Rest-mcts*: Llm self-training via process reward guided tree search
Dan Zhang, Sining Zhoubian, Ziniu Hu, Yisong Yue, Yuxiao Dong, and Jie Tang. 2024 · 2024
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Competitive programming with large reasoning models
Ahmed El-Kishky, Alexander Wei, Andre Saraiva, Borys Minaev, Daniel Selsam, David Dohan, Francis Song, Hunter Lightman, Ignasi Clavera, Jakub Pachocki, et al. 2025 · 2025
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Deepseek-r1: Incentivizing reasoning capability in llms via reinforcement learning
Daya Guo, Dejian Yang, Haowei Zhang, Junxiao Song, Ruoyu Zhang, Runxin Xu, Qihao Zhu, Shirong Ma, Peiyi Wang, Xiao Bi, et al. 2025 · 2025
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A survey on llm-based multi-agent ai hospital
Zonghai Yao and Hong Yu. 2025 · 2025
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