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Data selection is of great significance in pre-training large language models, given the variation in quality within the large-scale available training corpora.
Multi-armed bandit algorithms and empirical evaluation
Joannes Vermorel and Mehryar Mohri · 2005
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Optimizing neural networks with kronecker-factored approximate curvature
James Martens and Roger Grosse · 2015
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The lambada dataset: Word prediction requiring a broad discourse context
Denis Paperno, Germán Kruszewski, Angeliki Lazaridou, Quan Ngoc Pham, Raffaella Bernardi, Sandro Pezzelle, Marco Baroni, Gemma Boleda, and Raquel Fernández · 2016
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Understanding black-box predictions via influence functions
Pang Wei Koh and Percy Liang · 2017
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Crowdsourcing multiple choice science questions
Johannes Welbl, Nelson F Liu, and Matt Gardner · 2017
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Think you have solved question answering? try arc, the ai2 reasoning challenge
Peter Clark, Isaac Cowhey, Oren Etzioni, Tushar Khot, Ashish Sabharwal, Carissa Schoenick, and Oyvind Tafjord · 2018
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Can a suit of armor conduct electricity? a new dataset for open book question answering
Todor Mihaylov, Peter Clark, Tushar Khot, and Ashish Sabharwal · 2018
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Boolq: Exploring the surprising difficulty of natural yes/no questions
Christopher Clark, Kenton Lee, Ming-Wei Chang, Tom Kwiatkowski, Michael Collins, and Kristina Toutanova · 2019
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Social iqa: Commonsense reasoning about social interactions
Maarten Sap, Hannah Rashkin, Derek Chen, Ronan Le Bras, and Yejin Choi · 2019
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Ccnet: Extracting high quality monolingual datasets from web crawl data
Guillaume Wenzek, Marie-Anne Lachaux, Alexis Conneau, Vishrav Chaudhary, Francisco Guzmán, Armand Joulin, and Edouard Grave · 2019
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Hellaswag: Can a machine really finish your sentence?
Rowan Zellers, Ari Holtzman, Yonatan Bisk, Ali Farhadi, and Yejin Choi · 2019
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Language models are few-shot learners
Tom B Brown · 2020
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The pile: An 800gb dataset of diverse text for language modeling
Leo Gao, Stella Biderman, Sid Black, Laurence Golding, Travis Hoppe, Charles Foster, Jason Phang, Horace He, Anish Thite, Noa Nabeshima, et al · 2020
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Don’t stop pretraining: Adapt language models to domains and tasks
Suchin Gururangan, Ana Marasović, Swabha Swayamdipta, Kyle Lo, Iz Beltagy, Doug Downey, and Noah A Smith · 2020
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Logiqa: A challenge dataset for machine reading comprehension with logical reasoning
Jian Liu, Leyang Cui, Hanmeng Liu, Dandan Huang, Yile Wang, and Yue Zhang · 2020
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Estimating training data influence by tracing gradient descent
Garima Pruthi, Frederick Liu, Satyen Kale, and Mukund Sundararajan · 2020
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Exploring the limits of transfer learning with a unified text-to-text transformer
Colin Raffel, Noam Shazeer, Adam Roberts, Katherine Lee, Sharan Narang, Michael Matena, Yanqi Zhou, Wei Li, and Peter J Liu · 2020
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Rich information is affordable: A systematic performance analysis of second-order optimization using k-fac
Yuichiro Ueno, Kazuki Osawa, Yohei Tsuji, Akira Naruse, and Rio Yokota · 2020
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Scaling language models: Methods, analysis & insights from training gopher
Jack W Rae, Sebastian Borgeaud, Trevor Cai, Katie Millican, Jordan Hoffmann, Francis Song, John Aslanides, Sarah Henderson, Roman Ring, Susannah Young, et al · 2021
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Winogrande: An adversarial winograd schema challenge at scale
Keisuke Sakaguchi, Ronan Le Bras, Chandra Bhagavatula, and Yejin Choi · 2021
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If influence functions are the answer, then what is the question?
Juhan Bae, Nathan Ng, Alston Lo, Marzyeh Ghassemi, and Roger B Grosse · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Glam: Efficient scaling of language models with mixture-of-experts
Nan Du, Yanping Huang, Andrew M Dai, Simon Tong, Dmitry Lepikhin, Yuanzhong Xu, Maxim Krikun, Yanqi Zhou, Adams Wei Yu, Orhan Firat, et al · 2022
Data selection for language models via importance resampling
Sang Michael Xie, Shibani Santurkar, Tengyu Ma, and Percy S Liang · 2023
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A survey of large language models
Wayne Xin Zhao, Kun Zhou, Junyi Li, Tianyi Tang, Xiaolei Wang, Yupeng Hou, Yingqian Min, Beichen Zhang, Junjie Zhang, Zican Dong, et al · 2023
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Towards effective and efficient continual pre-training of large language models
Jie Chen, Zhipeng Chen, Jiapeng Wang, Kun Zhou, Yutao Zhu, Jinhao Jiang, Yingqian Min, Wayne Xin Zhao, Zhicheng Dou, Jiaxin Mao, et al · 2024
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What is your data worth to gpt? llm-scale data valuation with influence functions
Sang Keun Choe, Hwijeen Ahn, Juhan Bae, Kewen Zhao, Minsoo Kang, Youngseog Chung, Adithya Pratapa, Willie Neiswanger, Emma Strubell, Teruko Mitamura, et al · 2024
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An empirical analysis of compute-optimal large language model training
Jordan Hoffmann, Sebastian Borgeaud, Arthur Mensch, Elena Buchatskaya, Trevor Cai, Eliza Rutherford, Diego de Las Casas, Lisa Anne Hendricks, Johannes Welbl, Aidan Clark, et al · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Semdedup: Data-efficient learning at web-scale through semantic deduplication
Amro Abbas, Kushal Tirumala, Dániel Simig, Surya Ganguli, and Ari S Morcos · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
Efficient online data mixing for language model pre-training
Alon Albalak, Liangming Pan, Colin Raffel, and William Yang Wang · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
A framework for few-shot language model evaluation, 12 2023
L Gao, J Tow, B Abbasi, S Biderman, S Black, A DiPofi, C Foster, L Golding, J Hsu, A Le Noac’h, et al · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
Studying large language model generalization with influence functions
Roger Grosse, Juhan Bae, Cem Anil, Nelson Elhage, Alex Tamkin, Amirhossein Tajdini, Benoit Steiner, Dustin Li, Esin Durmus, Ethan Perez, et al · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
Suriya Gunasekar, Yi Zhang, Jyoti Aneja, Caio César Teodoro Mendes, Allie Del Giorno, Sivakanth Gopi, Mojan Javaheripi, Piero Kauffmann, Gustavo de Rosa, Olli Saarikivi, et al · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
A survey on large language models: Applications, challenges, limitations, and practical usage
Muhammad Usman Hadi, Rizwan Qureshi, Abbas Shah, Muhammad Irfan, Anas Zafar, Muhammad Bilal Shaikh, Naveed Akhtar, Jia Wu, Seyedali Mirjalili, et al · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
Abhimanyu Dubey, Abhinav Jauhri, Abhinav Pandey, Abhishek Kadian, Ahmad Al-Dahle, Aiesha Letman, Akhil Mathur, Alan Schelten, Amy Yang, Angela Fan, et al · 2024
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Dsdm: Model-aware dataset selection with datamodels
Logan Engstrom, Axel Feldmann, and Aleksander Madry · 2024
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Rho-1: Not all tokens are what you need
Zhenghao Lin, Zhibin Gou, Yeyun Gong, Xiao Liu, Yelong Shen, Ruochen Xu, Chen Lin, Yujiu Yang, Jian Jiao, Nan Duan, et al · 2024
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Large language models: A survey
Shervin Minaee, Tomas Mikolov, Narjes Nikzad, Meysam Chenaghlu, Richard Socher, Xavier Amatriain, and Jianfeng Gao · 2024
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Scaling data-constrained language models
Niklas Muennighoff, Alexander Rush, Boaz Barak, Teven Le Scao, Nouamane Tazi, Aleksandra Piktus, Sampo Pyysalo, Thomas Wolf, and Colin A Raffel · 2024
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The fineweb datasets: Decanting the web for the finest text data at scale
Guilherme Penedo, Hynek Kydlíček, Anton Lozhkov, Margaret Mitchell, Colin Raffel, Leandro Von Werra, Thomas Wolf, et al · 2024
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How to train data-efficient llms
Noveen Sachdeva, Benjamin Coleman, Wang-Cheng Kang, Jianmo Ni, Lichan Hong, Ed H Chi, James Caverlee, Julian McAuley, and Derek Zhiyuan Cheng · 2024
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Deepseekmath: Pushing the limits of mathematical reasoning in open language models
Zhihong Shao, Peiyi Wang, Qihao Zhu, Runxin Xu, Junxiao Song, Mingchuan Zhang, YK Li, Yu Wu, and Daya Guo · 2024
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Dolma: An open corpus of three trillion tokens for language model pretraining research
Luca Soldaini, Rodney Kinney, Akshita Bhagia, Dustin Schwenk, David Atkinson, Russell Authur, Ben Bogin, Khyathi Chandu, Jennifer Dumas, Yanai Elazar, et al · 2024
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Qurating: Selecting high-quality data for training language models
Alexander Wettig, Aatmik Gupta, Saumya Malik, and Danqi Chen · 2024
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Less: Selecting influential data for targeted instruction tuning
Mengzhou Xia, Sadhika Malladi, Suchin Gururangan, Sanjeev Arora, and Danqi Chen · 2024
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Mates: Model-aware data selection for efficient pretraining with data influence models
Zichun Yu, Spandan Das, and Chenyan Xiong · 2024
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Autonomous data selection with language models for mathematical texts
Yifan Zhang, Yifan Luo, Yang Yuan, and Andrew C Yao · 2024
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