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Embedding models that generate dense vector representations of text are widely used and hold significant commercial value.
Distilling Task-Specific Knowledge From BERT Into Simple Neural Networks
Raphael Tang, Yao Lu, Linqing Liu, Lili Mou, Olga Vechtomova, and Jimmy Lin. 2019 · 1903
Earlier work this paper cites.
Thieves on Sesame Street! Model Extraction of BERT-based APIs
Kalpesh Krishna, Gaurav Singh Tomar, Ankur P Parikh, Nicolas Papernot, and Mohit Iyyer. 2019 · 1910
Earlier work this paper cites.
DistilBERT, a distilled version of BERT: smaller, faster, cheaper and lighter
Victor Sanh, Lysandre Debut, Julien Chaumond, and Thomas Wolf. 2019 · 1910
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Approximate Nearest Neighbor Negative Contrastive Learning for Dense Text Retrieval
Lee Xiong, Chenyan Xiong, Ye Li, Kwok-Fung Tang, Jialin Liu, Paul Bennett, Junaid Ahmed, and Arnold Overwijk. 2020 · 2007
Earlier work this paper cites.
Distilling the Knowledge in a Neural Network
Geoffrey Hinton, Oriol Vinyals, and Jeff Dean. 2015 · 2015
Earlier work this paper cites.
MS MARCO: A Human Generated MAchine Reading COmprehension Dataset
Payal Bajaj, Daniel Campos, Nick Craswell, Li Deng, Jianfeng Gao, Xiaodong Liu, Rangan Majumder, Andrew McNamara, Bhaskar Mitra, Tri Nguyen, Mir Rosenberg, Xia Song, Alina Stoica, Saurabh Tiwary, and Tong Wang. 2016 · 2016
Earlier work this paper cites.
Stealing Machine Learning Models via Prediction APIs
Florian Tramèr, Fan Zhang, Ari Juels, Michael K Reiter, and Thomas Ristenpart. 2016 · 2016
Earlier work this paper cites.
Turning Your Weakness Into a Strength: Watermarking Deep Neural Networks by Backdooring
Yossi Adi, Carsten Baum, Moustapha Cisse, Benny Pinkas, and Joseph Keshet. 2018 · 2018
Earlier work this paper cites.
SentEval: An Evaluation Toolkit for Universal Sentence Representations
Alexis Conneau and Douwe Kiela. 2018 · 2018
Earlier work this paper cites.
Overview of the TREC 2019 deep learning track
Nick Craswell, Bhaskar Mitra, Emine Yilmaz, Daniel Campos, and Ellen M. Voorhees. 2019 · 2019
Earlier work this paper cites.
BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding
Jacob Devlin, Ming-Wei Chang, Kenton Lee, and Kristina Toutanova. 2019 · 2019
Earlier work this paper cites.
Sentence-BERT: Sentence embeddings using Siamese BERT-networks
Nils Reimers and Iryna Gurevych. 2019 · 2019
Cited alongside, same era.
Overview of the TREC 2020 deep learning track
Nick Craswell, Bhaskar Mitra, Emine Yilmaz, and Daniel Campos. 2020 · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
Dense Passage Retrieval for Open-Domain Question Answering
Vladimir Karpukhin, Barlas Oguz, Sewon Min, Patrick Lewis, Ledell Wu, Sergey Edunov, Danqi Chen, and Wen-tau Yih. 2020 · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
Making Monolingual Sentence Embeddings Multilingual using Knowledge Distillation
Nils Reimers and Iryna Gurevych. 2020 · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
CloudLeak: Large-Scale Deep Learning Models Stealing Through Adversarial Examples
Honggang Yu, Kaichen Yang, Teng Zhang, Yun-Yun Tsai, Tsung-Yi Ho, and Yier Jin. 2020 · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
Large Dual Encoders Are Generalizable Retrievers
Jianmo Ni, Chen Qu, Jing Lu, Zhuyun Dai, Gustavo Hernandez Abrego, Ji Ma, Vincent Zhao, Yi Luan, Keith Hall, Ming-Wei Chang, and Yinfei Yang. 2022 · 2022
Later among the works it cites.
Sentence Embedding Encoders are Easy to Steal but Hard to Defend
Adam Dziedzic, Franziska Boenisch, Mingjian Jiang, Haonan Duan, and Nicolas Papernot. 2023 · 2023
Later among the works it cites.
Towards General Text Embeddings with Multi-stage Contrastive Learning
Zehan Li, Xin Zhang, Yanzhao Zhang, Dingkun Long, Pengjun Xie, and Meishan Zhang. 2023 · 2023
Later among the works it cites.
Can’t steal? Cont-steal! Contrastive stealing attacks against image encoders
Zeyang Sha, Xinlei He, Ning Yu, Michael Backes, and Yang Zhang. 2023 · 2023
Later among the works it cites.
SimTDE: Simple Transformer Distillation for Sentence Embeddings
Jian Xie, Xin He, Jiyang Wang, Zimeng Qiu, Ali Kebarighotbi, and Farhad Ghassemi. 2023 · 2023
Later among the works it cites.
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Gautier Izacard, Mathilde Caron, Lucas Hosseini, Sebastian Riedel, Piotr Bojanowski, Armand Joulin, and Edouard Grave. 2021 · 2021
Cited alongside, same era.
BEIR: A Heterogenous Benchmark for Zero-shot Evaluation of Information Retrieval Models
Nandan Thakur, Nils Reimers, Andreas Rücklé, Abhishek Srivastava, and Iryna Gurevych. 2021 · 2021
Cited alongside, same era.
Matryoshka representation learning
Aditya Kusupati, Gantavya Bhatt, Aniket Rege, Matthew Wallingford, Aditya Sinha, Vivek Ramanujan, William Howard-Snyder, Kaifeng Chen, Sham Kakade, Prateek Jain, et al. 2022 · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
A proposed conceptual framework for a representational approach to information retrieval
Jimmy Lin. 2022 · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
StolenEncoder: Stealing Pre-trained Encoders in Self-supervised Learning
Yupei Liu, Jinyuan Jia, Hongbin Liu, and Neil Zhenqiang Gong. 2022b · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Black-Box Few-Shot Knowledge Distillation
Dang Nguyen, Sunil Gupta, Kien Do, and Svetha Venkatesh. 2022 · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Aligning Logits Generatively for Principled Black-Box Knowledge Distillation
Jing Ma, Xiang Xiang, Ke Wang, Yuchuan Wu, and Yongbin Li. 2024a
Cited in the paper.
Stealing Part of a Production Language Model
Nicholas Carlini, Daniel Paleka, Krishnamurthy Dj Dvijotham, Thomas Steinke, Jonathan Hayase, A Feder Cooper, Katherine Lee, Matthew Jagielski, Milad Nasr, Arthur Conmy, et al. 2024 · 2024
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Arctic-Embed: Scalable, Efficient, and Accurate Text Embedding Models
Luke Merrick, Danmei Xu, Gaurav Nuti, and Daniel Campos. 2024 · 2024
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Nomic Embed: Training a Reproducible Long Context Text Embedder
Zach Nussbaum, John X Morris, Brandon Duderstadt, and Andriy Mulyar. 2024 · 2024
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MTEB: Massive text embedding benchmark
Niklas Muennighoff, Nouamane Tazi, Loic Magne, and Nils Reimers. 2023 · 2037
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Order-Disorder: Imitation Adversarial Attacks for Black-box Neural Ranking Models
Jiawei Liu, Yangyang Kang, Di Tang, Kaisong Song, Changlong Sun, Xiaofeng Wang, Wei Lu, and Xiaozhong Liu. 2022a · 2039
Closest in time.