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The recent embrace of machine learning (ML) in the development of autonomous weapons systems (AWS) creates serious risks to geopolitical stability and the free exchange of ideas in AI research.
The US and the use of force: Double-edged hegemony and the management of global emergencies
Benvenisti, E · 2004
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Maintaining integrity in industry-sponsored research
Bickford, A · 2004
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War machines: Recruiting robots for combat
Markoff, J · 2010
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Unmanned ground vehicles support of irregular warfare: A Non-Lethal approach
Moreau, D. M · 2011
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The money blind: How to stop industry bias in biomedical science, without violating the first amendment
Robertson, C · 2011
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Military primacy doesn’t pay (nearly as much as you think)
Drezner, D. W · 2013
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Key areas for debate on autonomous weapons systems
Article 36 · 2014
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Democracy and armed conflict
Hegre, H · 2014
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An introduction to autonomy in weapon systems
Scharre, P. and Horowitz, M. C · 2015
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It’s already too late to stop the AI arms race—we must manage it instead
Geist, E. M · 2016
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The U.S. army robotic and autonomous systems strategy
U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command · 2017
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Autonomous weapon systems: Is a space warfare manual required?
van Esch, P., Northey, G., Striluk, M., and Wilson, H · 2017
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The influence of industry sponsorship on the research agenda: A scoping review
Fabbri, A., Lai, A., Grundy, Q., and Bero, L. A · 2018
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Army of None: Autonomous Weapons and the Future of War
Scharre, P · 2018
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Boots (on the ground)
Trapp, K. N · 2018
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Deep learning with edge computing: A review
Chen, J. and Ran, X · 2019
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Controlling knowledge, controlling people: Travel restrictions of U.S. scientists and national security
Daniels, M · 2019
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The capability/vulnerability paradox and military revolutions: Implications for computing, cyber, and the onset of war
Schneider, J · 2019
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Autonomous weapons systems and meaningful human control: Ethical and legal issues
Amoroso, D. and Tamburrini, G · 2020
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Learning dexterous in-hand manipulation
Andrychowicz, O. M., Baker, B., Chociej, M., Józefowicz, R., McGrew, B., Pachocki, J., Petron, A., Plappert, M., Powell, G., Ray, A., Schneider, J., Sidor, S., Tobin, J., Welinder, P., Weng, L., and Zaremba, W · 2020
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Qian Xuesen: The man the US deported - who then helped China into space
BBC News · 2020
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Analytics for Autonomous C4ISR within e-Government: a research agenda
Bihl, T. J. and Talbert, M · 2020
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The Kill Chain: Defending America in the Future of High-Tech Warfare
Brose, C · 2020
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Negotiating ’evil’: Google, Project Maven and the corporate form
Crofts, P. and van Rijswijk, H · 2020
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Distributed multi-robot collision avoidance via deep reinforcement learning for navigation in complex scenarios
Fan, T., Long, P., Liu, W., and Pan, J · 2020
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Ethics of autonomous weapons systems and its applicability to any AI systems
Gómez de Ágreda, Á · 2020
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Artificial intelligence, drone swarming and escalation risks in future warfare
Johnson, J · 2020
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The coming of automated warfare
Klare, M. T · 2020
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Allies and artificial intelligence: Obstacles to operations and Decision-Making (spring 2020)
Lin-Greenberg, E · 2020
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Deep dynamics models for learning dexterous manipulation
Nagabandi, A., Konolige, K., Levine, S., and Kumar, V · 2020
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Stopping killer robots: Country positions on banning fully autonomous weapons and retaining human control, 2020
Stauffer, B · 2020
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Towards the ‘third revolution in military affairs’
Thornton, R. and Miron, M · 2020
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The use of unmanned aerial vehicle in military operations
Wang, H., Cheng, H., and Hao, H · 2020
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Friend or frenemy? The role of trust in human-machine teaming and lethal autonomous weapons systems
Warren, A. and Hillas, A · 2020
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Deterrence in the Age of Thinking Machines
Wong, Y. H., Yurchak, J. M., and Button, R. W · 2020
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The scientist and the A.I.-assisted, remote-control killing machine
Bergman, R. and Fassihi, F · 2021
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The U.S. says humans will always be in control of AI weapons. but the age of autonomous war is already here
De Vynck, G · 2021
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Unmanned aerial vehicles in agriculture: A survey
del Cerro, J., Cruz Ulloa, C., Barrientos, A., and de León Rivas, J · 2021
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A military drone with a mind of its own was used in combat, U.N. says
Hernandez, J · 2021
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The future of unmanned combat aerial vehicles: An analysis using the three horizons framework
Jordan, J · 2021
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Making the Milrem Themis UGV ready for autonomous operations
Mathiassen, K., Baksaas, M., Græe, S. A., Mentzoni, E. A., and Nielsen, N. H · 2021
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The rise of killer robots: The impact on Autonomous Weapon Systems (AWS) on the United States’ Nuclear Deterrence
Matthew Robert, L · 2021
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The security and military implications of neurotechnology and artificial intelligence
Rickli, J.-M. and Ienca, M · 2021
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Emerging military technologies: Background and issues for Congress
Sayler, K. M · 2021
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The European Commission’s Artificial Intelligence Act
Schaake, M · 2021
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An autonomous drone for search and rescue in forests using airborne optical sectioning
Schedl, D. C., Kurmi, I., and Bimber, O · 2021
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Red robots: Chinese military modernization and perceptions on lethal autonomous weapons system
Warren, A. and Hillas, A · 2021
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A short history of weapon systems with autonomous functionalities
Work, R. O · 2021
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Choking off China’s access to the future of AI
Allen, G. C · 2022
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Industry influence on research: A cycle of bias
Bero, L · 2022
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Jus in bello necessity, the requirement of minimal force, and autonomous weapons systems
Blanchard, A. and Taddeo, M · 2022
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The Chinese Military-Civil Fusion strategy: A state action theory perspective
Can, M. and Vieira, A · 2022
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Future utilization of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles within the United States Navy
Castillo, V. A · 2022
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Machine learning and the platformization of the military: A study of Google’s machine learning platform TensorFlow
Hoijtink, M. and Planqué-van Hardeveld, A · 2022
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Autonomous: Unmanned systemsacross land, sea and air domains
Pegasus Intelligence · 2023
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Trusting AI: Integrating Artificial Intelligence Into the Army’s Professional Expert Knowledge
Pfaff, C. A., Lowrance, C. J., Washburn, B. M., and Carey, B. A · 2023
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Weaponised artificial intelligence and Chinese practices of Human–Machine interaction
Qiao-Franco, G. and Bode, I · 2023
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MAARS weaponized robot
QinetiQ · 2023
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AI weapons: Russia’s war in Ukraine shows why the world must enact a ban
Russell, S · 2023
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Ukraine hits a distant Russian ship, showing reach of naval drones
Santora, M. and Triebert, C · 2023
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We’ll never have a model of an AI major-general: Artificial intelligence, command decisions, and kitsch visions of war
Hunter, C. and Bowen, B. E · 2022
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Mitigating the risk of autonomous weapon misuse by insurgent groups
Kwik, J · 2022
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An updated framework for industry funding of food and nutrition research: Managing financial conflicts and scientific integrity
Larrick, B. M., Dwyer, J. T., Erdman, J. W., D’Aloisio, R. F., and Jones, W · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Lethal autonomous weapons systems & artificial intelligence: Trends, challenges, and policies
Longpre, S., Storm, M., and Shah, R · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Global analysis of active defense technologies for unmanned aerial vehicle
Lyu, C. and Zhan, R · 2022
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The moral case for the development and use of autonomous weapon systems
Riesen, E · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Decision for the next unmanned aerial vehicle considering regional operational requirements based on Z-Fuzzy Best-Worst method
Saylam, S. and Gündoğdu, F. K · 2023
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Toward a balanced approach: Bridging the military, policy, and technical communities
Seraphin, A. and Miles, W · 2023
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V-BAT teams
Shield AI · 2023
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U.S., China, other nations urge ’responsible’ use of military AI
Sterling, T · 2023
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AI is like … nuclear weapons?
Stern, J · 2023
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UAVs and counter UAVs technologies in the world and the indigenous capability
Sud, A · 2023
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Nuclear weapons and the militarization of AI
Tamburrini, G · 2023
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Deepening US-Taiwan cooperation through semiconductors
Templeman, K. A. and Mastro, O · 2023
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Technology crossroads: innovation in China’s telecommunications and high-performance computer sectors threatened by US stranglehold on semiconductors
Triolo, P · 2023
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Lethal autonomous weapon systems (LAWS) – UNODA
UNODA · 2023
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Unmanned surface vessel transits Strait of Hormuz with U.S. Coast Guard
U.S. Naval Forces Central Command · 2023
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Modern positional warfare and how to win in it
Zaluzhnyi, V · 2023
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‘Lavender’: The AI machine directing Israel’s bombing spree in Gaza
Abraham, Y · 2024
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OpenAI quietly deletes ban on using ChatGPT for “military and warfare”
Biddle, S · 2024
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BlueBear - A Saab company
BlueBear · 2024
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Clearpath founder signs open letter to UN for ban on autonomous weapons
Bogdon, C · 2024
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Messier than oil: Assessing data advantage in military AI
Chahal, H., Fedasiuk, R., and Flynn, C · 2024
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Beijing plans an AI Atlantis for the South China Sea without a human in sight
Chen, S · 2024
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Ukraine’s AI-enabled drones are trying to disrupt Russia’s energy industry. so far, it’s working
Cotovio, V., Sebastian, C., and Goodwin, A · 2024
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Does military AI research at universities ‘benefit humanity’?
D’Agostino, S · 2024
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EU AI Act: first regulation on artificial intelligence
European Parliament News · 2024
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Leviathan wakes: China’s growing fleet of autonomous undersea vehicles
Fedasiuk, R · 2024
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Autonomous weapons open letter: AI & robotics researchers
Future of Life Institute · 2024
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Pause giant AI experiments: An open letter
Future of Life Institute · 2024
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Israel recruits robot dogs for Gaza fighting
Gilead, A · 2024
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Chinese sea mines are threatening the U.S. Navy
Goldstein, L. J · 2024
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Chinese students in US tell of ‘chilling’ interrogations and deportations
Hawkins, A · 2024
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Global survey highlights continued opposition to fully autonomous weapons
Ipsos · 2024
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”AI weapons” in China’s military innovation
Kania, E. B · 2024
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USAF test pilot school and DARPA announce breakthrough in aerospace machine learning
Kohler, C · 2024
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China’s Wing Loong drones to see more applications, become more intelligent: chief designer
Liu, X. and Fan, W · 2024
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The public AI research portfolio of China’s security forces
Murdick, D., Chou, D., Fedasiuk, R., and Weinstein, E · 2024
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AI’s future could be ’open-source’ or closed. tech giants are divided
O’Brien, M · 2024
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Exclusive: Google workers revolt over $1.2 billion contract with Israel
Perrigo, B · 2024
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War is messy. AI can’t handle it
Reynolds, I. and Cetin, O. A · 2024
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Escalation risks from language models in military and diplomatic decision-making
Rivera, J.-P., Mukobi, G., Reuel, A., Lamparth, M., Smith, C., and Schneider, J · 2024
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Scale AI announces partnership with Center for Strategic and International Studies
Scale AI · 2024
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Our vision and values
Stop Killer Robots · 2024
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Artificial intelligence and future warfare
Takagi, K · 2024
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First committee approves new resolution on lethal autonomous weapons, as speaker warns ‘an algorithm must not be in full control of decisions involving killing’
UN · 2024
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106th Congress Public Law 398
U.S. Congress · 2024
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Open letter to Professor Sung-Chul Shin, president of KAIST
Walsh, T · 2024
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