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Theory of Mind (ToM) is the cognitive capability to perceive and ascribe mental states to oneself and others.
Socialiqa: Commonsense reasoning about social interactions
Maarten Sap, Hannah Rashkin, Derek Chen, Ronan LeBras, and Yejin Choi. 2019 · 1904
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Sulla determinazione empirica di una legge didistribuzione
KOLMOGOROV AN. 1933 · 1933
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Individual comparisons of grouped data by ranking methods
Frank Wilcoxon. 1947 · 1947
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Interpersonal perception of young children: Egocentrism or empathy?
Helene Borke. 1971 · 1971
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Spurious correlation: A causal interpretation
Herbert A Simon and Herbert A Simon. 1977 · 1977
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Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind?
David Premack and Guy Woodruff. 1978 · 1978
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Beliefs about beliefs: Representation and constraining function of wrong beliefs in young children’s understanding of deception
Heinz Wimmer and Josef Perner. 1983 · 1983
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Does the autistic child have a “theory of mind”?
Simon Baron-Cohen, Alan M Leslie, and Uta Frith. 1985 · 1985
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“john thinks that mary thinks that…” attribution of second-order beliefs by 5-to 10-year-old children
Josef Perner and Heinz Wimmer. 1985 · 1985
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Social cognition, prosocial behavior, and emotion in preschoolers: Contextual validation
Susanne A Denham. 1986 · 1986
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Development of knowledge about the appearance-reality distinction
John H Flavell, Frances L Green, Eleanor R Flavell, Malcolm W Watson, and Joseph C Campione. 1986 · 1986
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Children’s understanding of the distinction between real and apparent emotion
Paul L Harris, Kara Donnelly, Gabrielle R Guz, and Rosemary Pitt-Watson. 1986 · 1986
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Ignorance versus false belief: A developmental lag in attribution of epistemic states
G-Juergen Hogrefe, Heinz Wimmer, and Josef Perner. 1986 · 1986
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Young children’s reasoning about beliefs
Henry M Wellman and Karen Bartsch. 1988 · 1988
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Young children’s understanding of simultaneous conflicting emotions
Felice W Gordis et al. 1989 · 1989
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Early understanding of perception as a source of knowledge
Bradford H Pillow. 1989 · 1989
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Children’s understanding of multiple desires
Mark Bennett and Linda Galpert. 1993 · 1993
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An advanced test of theory of mind: Understanding of story characters’ thoughts and feelings by able autistic, mentally handicapped, and normal children and adults
Francesca GE Happé. 1994 · 1994
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Schizophrenia, symptomatology and social inference: investigating “theory of mind” in people with schizophrenia
Rhiannon Corcoran, Gavin Mercer, and Christopher D Frith. 1995 · 1995
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Understanding the intentions of others: Re-enactment of intended acts by 18-month-old children
Andrew N Meltzoff. 1995 · 1995
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How children tell a lie from a joke: The role of second-order mental state attributions
Kate Sullivan, Ellen Winner, and Natalie Hopfield. 1995 · 1995
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Can children be taught to understand false belief using computers? child psychology & psychiatry & allied disciplines, 37 (2), 157–165
J Swettenham. 1996 · 1996
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Early reasoning about desires: evidence from 14-and 18-month-olds
Betty M Repacholi and Alison Gopnik. 1997 · 1997
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Theory-of-mind deficits and causal attributions
Peter Kinderman, Robin Dunbar, and Richard P Bentall. 1998 · 1998
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Preschoolers’ understanding of pretense and presumption of congruity between action and representation
James N Aronson and Claire Golomb. 1999 · 1999
Cited alongside, same era.
Recognition of faux pas by normally developing children and children with asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism
Simon Baron-Cohen, Michelle O’riordan, Valerie Stone, Rosie Jones, and Kate Plaisted. 1999 · 1999
Cited alongside, same era.
Theory of mind in preadolescence: Relations between social understanding and social competence
Sandra Bosacki and Janet Wilde Astington. 1999 · 1999
Cited alongside, same era.
Test of emotion comprehension: TEC
Francisco Pons and Paul Harris. 2000 · 2000
Cited alongside, same era.
Individual differences in inhibitory control and children’s theory of mind
Stephanie M Carlson and Louis J Moses. 2001 · 2001
Cited alongside, same era.
Neural theory-of-mind? on the limits of social intelligence in large lms
Maarten Sap, Ronan Le Bras, Daniel Fried, and Yejin Choi. 2022 · 2022
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Josh Achiam, Steven Adler, Sandhini Agarwal, Lama Ahmad, Ilge Akkaya, Florencia Leoni Aleman, Diogo Almeida, Janko Altenschmidt, Sam Altman, Shyamal Anadkat, et al. 2023 · 2023
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Jinze Bai, Shuai Bai, Yunfei Chu, Zeyu Cui, Kai Dang, Xiaodong Deng, Yang Fan, Wenbin Ge, Yu Han, Fei Huang, et al. 2023 · 2023
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Baichuan 2
Baichuan-Inc. 2023 · 2023
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Sparks of artificial general intelligence: Early experiments with gpt-4
Sébastien Bubeck, Varun Chandrasekaran, Ronen Eldan, Johannes Gehrke, Eric Horvitz, Ece Kamar, Peter Lee, Yin Tat Lee, Yuanzhi Li, Scott Lundberg, et al. 2023 · 2023
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Do autism spectrum disorders differ from each other and from non-spectrum disorders on emotion recognition tests?
Murray J Dyck, Kara Ferguson, and Ian M Shochet. 2001 · 2001
Cited alongside, same era.
Intention understanding and partner-sensitive behaviors in young children’s peer interactions
Patricia A Smiley. 2001 · 2001
Cited alongside, same era.
Infants’ ability to connect gaze and emotional expression to intentional action
Ann T Phillips, Henry M Wellman, and Elizabeth S Spelke. 2002 · 2002
Cited alongside, same era.
Theory of mind and peer acceptance in preschool children
Virginia Slaughter, Michelle J Dennis, and Michelle Pritchard. 2002 · 2002
Cited alongside, same era.
The functional architecture of human empathy
Jean Decety and Philip L Jackson. 2004 · 2004
Cited alongside, same era.
Infants determine others’ focus of attention by pragmatics and exclusion
Henrike Moll, Cornelia Koring, Malinda Carpenter, and Michael Tomasello. 2006 · 2006
Cited alongside, same era.
Precursors of a theory of mind: A longitudinal study
Cristina Colonnesi, Carolien Rieffe, Willem Koops, and Paola Perucchini. 2008 · 2008
Cited alongside, same era.
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Time travel in llms: Tracing data contamination in large language models
Shahriar Golchin and Mihai Surdeanu. 2023 · 2023
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Albert Q Jiang, Alexandre Sablayrolles, Arthur Mensch, Chris Bamford, Devendra Singh Chaplot, Diego de las Casas, Florian Bressand, Gianna Lengyel, Guillaume Lample, Lucile Saulnier, et al. 2023 · 2023
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Epitome: Experimental protocol inventory for theory of mind evaluation
Cameron Robert Jones, Sean Trott, and Ben Bergen. 2023 · 2023
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Fantom: A benchmark for stress-testing machine theory of mind in interactions
Hyunwoo Kim, Melanie Sclar, Xuhui Zhou, Ronan Bras, Gunhee Kim, Yejin Choi, and Maarten Sap. 2023 · 2023
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Annotation error detection: Analyzing the past and present for a more coherent future
Jan-Christoph Klie, Bonnie Webber, and Iryna Gurevych. 2023 · 2023
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Theory of mind may have spontaneously emerged in large language models
Michal Kosinski. 2023 · 2023
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Task contamination: Language models may not be few-shot anymore
Changmao Li and Jeffrey Flanigan. 2023 · 2023
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Towards a holistic landscape of situated theory of mind in large language models
Ziqiao Ma, Jacob Sansom, Run Peng, and Joyce Chai. 2023b · 2023
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Mixtral of experts: A high quality sparse mixture-of-experts
Mistral AI. 2023 · 2023
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Clever hans or neural theory of mind? stress testing social reasoning in large language models
Natalie Shapira, Mosh Levy, Seyed Hossein Alavi, Xuhui Zhou, Yejin Choi, Yoav Goldberg, Maarten Sap, and Vered Shwartz. 2023 · 2023
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Chatglm3
THUDM. 2023 · 2023
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Llama 2: Open foundation and fine-tuned chat models
Hugo Touvron, Louis Martin, Kevin Stone, Peter Albert, Amjad Almahairi, Yasmine Babaei, Nikolay Bashlykov, Soumya Batra, Prajjwal Bhargava, Shruti Bhosale, et al. 2023 · 2023
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Large language models fail on trivial alterations to theory-of-mind tasks
Tomer Ullman. 2023 · 2023
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Max J van Duijn, Bram van Dijk, Tom Kouwenhoven, Werner de Valk, Marco R Spruit, and Peter van der Putten. 2023 · 2023
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Think twice: Perspective-taking improves large language models’ theory-of-mind capabilities
Alex Wilf, Sihyun Shawn Lee, Paul Pu Liang, and Louis-Philippe Morency. 2023 · 2023
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Hi-tom: A benchmark for evaluating higher-order theory of mind reasoning in large language models
Yufan Wu, Yinghui He, Yilin Jia, Rada Mihalcea, Yulong Chen, and Naihao Deng. 2023 · 2023
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On large language models’ selection bias in multi-choice questions
Chujie Zheng, Hao Zhou, Fandong Meng, Jie Zhou, and Minlie Huang. 2023 · 2023
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How far are large language models from agents with theory-of-mind?
Pei Zhou, Aman Madaan, Srividya Pranavi Potharaju, Aditya Gupta, Kevin R McKee, Ari Holtzman, Jay Pujara, Xiang Ren, Swaroop Mishra, Aida Nematzadeh, et al. 2023 · 2023
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