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Understanding in-context learning (ICL) capability that enables large language models (LLMs) to excel in proficiency through demonstration examples is of utmost importance.
Human behavior and the principle of least effort
George Kingsley Zipf. 1949 · 1949
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Statistical inference for probabilistic functions of finite state markov chains
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An n log n algorithm for minimizing states in a finite automaton
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Bayesian model selection and model averaging
Larry A. Wasserman. 2000 · 2000
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A bayesian mixture model for term re-occurrence and burstiness
Avik Sarkar, Paul H. Garthwaite, and Anne N. De Roeck. 2005 · 2005
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Numerical analysis
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Deep reinforcement learning from human preferences
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Attention is all you need
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Language models are few-shot learners
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A mathematical framework for transformer circuits
Nelson Elhage, Neel Nanda, Catherine Olsson, Tom Henighan, Nicholas Joseph, Ben Mann, Amanda Askell, Yuntao Bai, Anna Chen, Tom Conerly, Nova DasSarma, Dawn Drain, Deep Ganguli, Zac Hatfield-Dodds, Danny Hernandez, Andy Jones, Jackson Kernion, Liane Lovitt, Kamal Ndousse, Dario Amodei, Tom Brown, Jack Clark, Jared Kaplan, Sam McCandlish, and Chris Olah. 2021 · 2021
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What changes can large-scale language models bring? intensive study on HyperCLOVA: Billions-scale Korean generative pretrained transformers
Boseop Kim, HyoungSeok Kim, Sang-Woo Lee, Gichang Lee, Donghyun Kwak, Jeon Dong Hyeon, Sunghyun Park, Sungju Kim, Seonhoon Kim, Dongpil Seo, Heungsub Lee, Minyoung Jeong, Sungjae Lee, Minsub Kim, Suk Hyun Ko, Seokhun Kim, Taeyong Park, Jinuk Kim, Soyoung Kang, Na-Hyeon Ryu, Kang Min Yoo, Minsuk Chang, Soobin Suh, Sookyo In, Jinseong Park, Kyungduk Kim, Hiun Kim, Jisu Jeong, Yong Goo Yeo, Donghoon Ham, Dongju Park, Min Young Lee, Jaewook Kang, Inho Kang, Jung-Woo Ha, Woomyoung Park, and Nako Sung. 2021 · 2021
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Mauve: Measuring the gap between neural text and human text using divergence frontiers
Krishna Pillutla, Swabha Swayamdipta, Rowan Zellers, John Thickstun, Sean Welleck, Yejin Choi, and Zaïd Harchaoui. 2021 · 2021
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Calibrate before use: Improving few-shot performance of language models
Zihao Zhao, Eric Wallace, Shi Feng, Dan Klein, and Sameer Singh. 2021 · 2021
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Training a helpful and harmless assistant with reinforcement learning from human feedback
Yuntao Bai, Andy Jones, Kamal Ndousse, Amanda Askell, Anna Chen, Nova DasSarma, Dawn Drain, Stanislav Fort, Deep Ganguli, T. J. Henighan, Nicholas Joseph, Saurav Kadavath, John Kernion, Tom Conerly, Sheer El-Showk, Nelson Elhage, Zac Hatfield-Dodds, Danny Hernandez, Tristan Hume, Scott Johnston, Shauna Kravec, Liane Lovitt, Neel Nanda, Catherine Olsson, Dario Amodei, Tom B. Brown, Jack Clark, Sam McCandlish, Christopher Olah, Benjamin Mann, and Jared Kaplan. 2022 · 2022
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Data distributional properties drive emergent in-context learning in transformers
Stephanie C. Y. Chan, Adam Santoro, Andrew Kyle Lampinen, Jane X. Wang, Aaditya K Singh, Pierre H. Richemond, Jay Mcclelland, and Felix Hill. 2022 · 2022
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What can transformers learn in-context? a case study of simple function classes
Shivam Garg, Dimitris Tsipras, Percy Liang, and Gregory Valiant. 2022 · 2022
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Training compute-optimal large language models
Jordan Hoffmann, Sebastian Borgeaud, Arthur Mensch, Elena Buchatskaya, Trevor Cai, Eliza Rutherford, Diego de Las Casas, Lisa Anne Hendricks, Johannes Welbl, Aidan Clark, Tom Hennigan, Eric Noland, Katie Millican, George van den Driessche, Bogdan Damoc, Aurelia Guy, Simon Osindero, Karen Simonyan, Erich Elsen, Jack W. Rae, Oriol Vinyals, and L. Sifre. 2022 · 2022
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The dual form of neural networks revisited: Connecting test time predictions to training patterns via spotlights of attention
Kazuki Irie, Róbert Csordás, and Jürgen Schmidhuber. 2022 · 2022
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What makes good in-context examples for GPT-3?
Jiachang Liu, Dinghan Shen, Yizhe Zhang, Bill Dolan, Lawrence Carin, and Weizhu Chen. 2022 · 2022
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Fantastically ordered prompts and where to find them: Overcoming few-shot prompt order sensitivity
Yao Lu, Max Bartolo, Alastair Moore, Sebastian Riedel, and Pontus Stenetorp. 2022 · 2022
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Rethinking the role of demonstrations: What makes in-context learning work?
Sewon Min, Xinxi Lyu, Ari Holtzman, Mikel Artetxe, Mike Lewis, Hannaneh Hajishirzi, and Luke Zettlemoyer. 2022 · 2022
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In-context learning and induction heads
Catherine Olsson, Nelson Elhage, Neel Nanda, Nicholas Joseph, Nova DasSarma, T. J. Henighan, Benjamin Mann, Amanda Askell, Yuntao Bai, Anna Chen, Tom Conerly, Dawn Drain, Deep Ganguli, Zac Hatfield-Dodds, Danny Hernandez, Scott Johnston, Andy Jones, John Kernion, Liane Lovitt, Kamal Ndousse, Dario Amodei, Tom B. Brown, Jack Clark, Jared Kaplan, Sam McCandlish, and Christopher Olah. 2022 · 2022
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Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback
Long Ouyang, Jeffrey Wu, Xu Jiang, Diogo Almeida, Carroll Wainwright, Pamela Mishkin, Chong Zhang, Sandhini Agarwal, Katarina Slama, Alex Ray, John Schulman, Jacob Hilton, Fraser Kelton, Luke Miller, Maddie Simens, Amanda Askell, Peter Welinder, Paul F Christiano, Jan Leike, and Ryan Lowe. 2022 · 2022
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Ignore previous prompt: Attack techniques for language models
Fábio Perez and Ian Ribeiro. 2022 · 2022
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Impact of pretraining term frequencies on few-shot reasoning
Yasaman Razeghi, Robert L Logan IV, Matt Gardner, and Sameer Singh. 2022 · 2022
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On the effect of pretraining corpora on in-context learning by a large-scale language model
Seongjin Shin, Sang-Woo Lee, Hwijeen Ahn, Sungdong Kim, Hyoungseok Kim, Boseop Kim, Kyunghyun Cho, Gichang Lee, Woo Chul Park, Jung-Woo Ha, and Nako Sung. 2022 · 2022
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An explanation of in-context learning as implicit bayesian inference
Sang Michael Xie, Aditi Raghunathan, Percy Liang, and Tengyu Ma. 2022 · 2022
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Ground-truth labels matter: A deeper look into input-label demonstrations
Kang Min Yoo, Junyeob Kim, Hyuhng Joon Kim, Hyunsoo Cho, Hwiyeol Jo, Sang-Woo Lee, Sang-goo Lee, and Taeuk Kim. 2022 · 2022
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Active example selection for in-context learning
Yiming Zhang, Shi Feng, and Chenhao Tan. 2022 · 2022
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What learning algorithm is in-context learning? investigations with linear models
Ekin Akyürek, Dale Schuurmans, Jacob Andreas, Tengyu Ma, and Denny Zhou. 2023 · 2023
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Transformers as statisticians: Provable in-context learning with in-context algorithm selection
Yu Bai, Fan Chen, Haiquan Wang, Caiming Xiong, and Song Mei. 2023 · 2023
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Pretraining data mixtures enable narrow model selection capabilities in transformer models
Steve Yadlowsky, Lyric Doshi, and Nilesh Tripuraneni. 2023 · 2023
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In-context language learning: Architectures and algorithms
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In-context learning dynamics with random binary sequences
Eric J. Bigelow, Ekdeep Singh Lubana, Robert P. Dick, Hidenori Tanaka, and Tomer David Ullman. 2024 · 2024
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Navigate through enigmatic labyrinth a survey of chain of thought reasoning: Advances, frontiers and future
Zheng Chu, Jingchang Chen, Qianglong Chen, Weijiang Yu, Tao He, Haotian Wang, Weihua Peng, Ming Liu, Bing Qin, and Ting Liu. 2024 · 2024
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Why can gpt learn in-context? language models secretly perform gradient descent as meta-optimizers
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Towards revealing the mystery behind chain of thought: A theoretical perspective
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A theory of emergent in-context learning as implicit structure induction
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Understanding in-context learning via supportive pretraining data
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In-context learning creates task vectors
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Scaling instruction-finetuned language models
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Can large language models infer causation from correlation?
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In-context learning in large language models learns label relationships but is not conventional learning
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