Social media sharing by political elites: An asymmetric American exceptionalism

A theory of framing and opinion formation in competitive elite environments

D. Chong and J. N. Druckman · 2007

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Elite cues, media coverage, and public concern: an integrated path analysis of public opinion on climate change, 2001–2013

J. T. Carmichael and R. J. Brulle · 2017

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Party elites or manufactured doubt? the informational context of climate change polarization

E. Merkley and D. A. Stecula · 2018

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Fake news on twitter during the 2016 us presidential election

N. Grinberg, K. Joseph, L. Friedland, B. Swire-Thompson, and D. Lazer · 2019

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Less than you think: Prevalence and predictors of fake news dissemination on Facebook

A. M. Guess, J. Nagler, and J. Tucker · 2019

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Assessing the risks of ‘infodemics’ in response to covid-19 epidemics

R. Gallotti, F. Valle, N. Castaldo, P. Sacco, and M. De Domenico · 2020

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Exposure to untrustworthy websites in the 2016 U.S. election

A. M. Guess, B. Nyhan, and J. Reifler · 2020

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Using the president’s tweets to understand political diversion in the age of social media

S. Lewandowsky, M. Jetter, and U. K. Ecker · 2020

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The twitter parliamentarian database: Analyzing twitter politics across 26 countries

L. van Vliet, P. Törnberg, and J. Uitermark · 2020

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Falsehood in, falsehood out: A tool for measuring exposure to elite misinformation on twitter

M. Mosleh and D. Rand · 2021

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Partisan polarization is the primary psychological motivation behind political fake news sharing on twitter

M. Osmundsen, A. Bor, P. B. Vahlstrup, A. Bechmann, and M. B. Petersen · 2021

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Shifting attention to accuracy can reduce misinformation online

G. Pennycook, Z. Epstein, M. Mosleh, A. A. Arechar, D. Eckles, and D. G. Rand · 2021

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Out-group animosity drives engagement on social media

S. Rathje, J. J. Van Bavel, and S. van der Linden · 2021

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Political audience diversity and news reliability in algorithmic ranking

S. Bhadani, S. Yamaya, A. Flammini, F. Menczer, G. L. Ciampaglia, and B. Nyhan · 2022

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The black list

Govtrack.us - tracking the united states congress

GovTrack.us · 2022

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Algorithmic amplification of politics on twitter

F. Huszár, S. I. Ktena, C. O’Brien, L. Belli, A. Schlaikjer, and M. Hardt · 2022

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Inside the partisan fight for your news feed

B. News · 2022

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Rating process and criteria

I. NewsGuard · 2022

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Politifact’s guide to fake news websites and what they peddle

Politifact · 2022

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CJR index of fake-news, clickbait, and hate

C. J. Review · 2022

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Fake news watch

F. N. Watch · 2022

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