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2022

Sharp Signals of Boson Clouds in Black Hole Binary Inspirals

Baumann, Daniel, Bertone, Gianfranco, Stout, John et al.

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Gravitational waves (GWs) are an exciting new probe of physics beyond the standard models of gravity and particle physics.

One interesting possibility is provided by the so-called "gravitational atom," wherein a superradiant instability spontaneously forms a cloud of ultralight bosons around a rotating black hole.
The presence of these boson clouds affects the dynamics of black hole binary inspirals and their associated GW signals.
In this Letter, we show that the binary companion can induce transitions between bound and unbound states of the cloud, effectively "ionizing" it, analogous to the photoelectric effect in atomic physics.

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