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Why can pre-trained language models (PLMs) learn universal representations and effectively adapt to broad NLP tasks differing a lot superficially? In this work, we empirically find evidence indicating that the adaptations of PLMs to various few-shot tasks can be reparameterized as optimizing only a few free parameters in a unified low-dimensional intrinsic task subspace, which may help us understand why PLMs could easily adapt to various NLP tasks with small-scale data.
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Thomas Davidson, Dana Warmsley, Michael Macy, and Ingmar Weber. 2017 · 2017
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Matthew Dunn, Levent Sagun, Mike Higgins, V. U. Güney, Volkan Cirik, and Kyunghyun Cho. 2017 · 2017
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Daniel Khashabi, Snigdha Chaturvedi, Michael Roth, Shyam Upadhyay, and Dan Roth. 2018 · 2018
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Chunyuan Li, Heerad Farkhoor, Rosanne Liu, and Jason Yosinski. 2018 · 2018
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Todor Mihaylov, Peter Clark, Tushar Khot, and Ashish Sabharwal. 2018 · 2018
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Francesco Barbieri, Jose Camacho-Collados, Luis Espinosa Anke, and Leonardo Neves. 2020 · 2020
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Max Bartolo, Alastair Roberts, Johannes Welbl, Sebastian Riedel, and Pontus Stenetorp. 2020 · 2020
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Chandra Bhagavatula, Ronan Le Bras, Chaitanya Malaviya, Keisuke Sakaguchi, Ari Holtzman, Hannah Rashkin, Doug Downey, Wen tau Yih, and Yejin Choi. 2020 · 2020
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Yonatan Bisk, Rowan Zellers, Ronan LeBras, Jianfeng Gao, and Yejin Choi. 2020 · 2020
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WikiQA: A challenge dataset for open-domain question answering
Yi Yang, Wen-tau Yih, and Christopher Meek. 2015 · 2018
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Zhilin Yang, Peng Qi, Saizheng Zhang, Yoshua Bengio, William Cohen, Ruslan Salakhutdinov, and Christopher D. Manning. 2018 · 2018
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Language models are few-shot learners
Tom B. Brown, Benjamin Mann, Nick Ryder, Melanie Subbiah, Jared Kaplan, Prafulla Dhariwal, Arvind Neelakantan, Pranav Shyam, Girish Sastry, Amanda Askell, Sandhini Agarwal, Ariel Herbert-Voss, Gretchen Krueger, Tom Henighan, Rewon Child, Aditya Ramesh, Daniel M. Ziegler, Jeffrey Wu, Clemens Winter, Christopher Hesse, Mark Chen, Eric Sigler, Mateusz Litwin, Scott Gray, Benjamin Chess, Jack Clark, Christopher Berner, Sam McCandlish, Alec Radford, Ilya Sutskever, and Dario Amodei. 2020 · 2020
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Zhengbao Jiang, Frank F. Xu, Jun Araki, and Graham Neubig. 2020 · 2020
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AutoPrompt: Eliciting Knowledge from Language Models with Automatically Generated Prompts
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