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Closed-book question-answering (QA) is a challenging task that requires a model to directly answer questions without access to external knowledge.
Roberta: A robustly optimized bert pretraining approach
Yinhan Liu, Myle Ott, Naman Goyal, Jingfei Du, Mandar Joshi, Danqi Chen, Omer Levy, Mike Lewis, Luke Zettlemoyer, and Veselin Stoyanov. 2019 · 1907
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Unsupervised cross-lingual representation learning at scale
Alexis Conneau, Kartikay Khandelwal, Naman Goyal, Vishrav Chaudhary, Guillaume Wenzek, Francisco Guzmán, Edouard Grave, Myle Ott, Luke Zettlemoyer, and Veselin Stoyanov. 2019 · 1911
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Language models are few-shot learners
Tom B Brown, Benjamin Mann, Nick Ryder, Melanie Subbiah, Jared Kaplan, Prafulla Dhariwal, Arvind Neelakantan, Pranav Shyam, Girish Sastry, Amanda Askell, et al. 2020 · 2005
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Variance-reduced language pretraining via a mask proposal network
Liang Chen, Tianyuan Zhang, Di He, Guolin Ke, Liwei Wang, and Tie-Yan Liu. 2020 · 2008
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PMI-masking: Principled masking of correlated spans
Yoav Levine, Barak Lenz, Opher Lieber, Omri Abend, Kevin Leyton-Brown, Moshe Tennenholtz, and Yoav Shoham. 2020 · 2010
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Mind the gap: Learning to choose gaps for question generation
Lee Becker, Sumit Basu, and Lucy Vanderwende. 2012 · 2012
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Semantic parsing on Freebase from question-answer pairs
Jonathan Berant, Andrew Chou, Roy Frostig, and Percy Liang. 2013 · 2013
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Adam: A method for stochastic optimization
Diederik P. Kingma and Jimmy Ba. 2015 · 2015
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SQuAD: 100,000+ questions for machine comprehension of text
Pranav Rajpurkar, Jian Zhang, Konstantin Lopyrev, and Percy Liang. 2016 · 2016
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TriviaQA: A large scale distantly supervised challenge dataset for reading comprehension
Mandar Joshi, Eunsol Choi, Daniel Weld, and Luke Zettlemoyer. 2017 · 2017
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Adafactor: Adaptive learning rates with sublinear memory cost
Noam Shazeer and Mitchell Stern. 2018 · 2018
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ReCoRD: Bridging the gap between human and machine commonsense reading comprehension
Sheng Zhang, Xiaodong Liu, Jingjing Liu, Jianfeng Gao, Kevin Duh, and Benjamin Van Durme. 2018 · 2018
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BERT: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding
Jacob Devlin, Ming-Wei Chang, Kenton Lee, and Kristina Toutanova. 2019 · 2019
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Natural questions: A benchmark for question answering research
Tom Kwiatkowski, Jennimaria Palomaki, Olivia Redfield, Michael Collins, Ankur Parikh, Chris Alberti, Danielle Epstein, Illia Polosukhin, Jacob Devlin, Kenton Lee, Kristina Toutanova, Llion Jones, Matthew Kelcey, Ming-Wei Chang, Andrew M. Dai, Jakob Uszkoreit, Quoc Le, and Slav Petrov. 2019 · 2019
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Latent retrieval for weakly supervised open domain question answering
Kenton Lee, Ming-Wei Chang, and Kristina Toutanova. 2019 · 2019
REALM: Retrieval-augmented language model pre-training
Kelvin Guu, Kenton Lee, Zora Tung, Panupong Pasupat, and Ming-Wei Chang. 2020 · 2020
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SpanBERT: Improving pre-training by representing and predicting spans
Mandar Joshi, Danqi Chen, Yinhan Liu, Daniel S. Weld, Luke Zettlemoyer, and Omer Levy. 2020 · 2020
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Neural mask generator: Learning to generate adaptive word maskings for language model adaptation
Minki Kang, Moonsu Han, and Sung Ju Hwang. 2020 · 2020
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Dense passage retrieval for open-domain question answering
Vladimir Karpukhin, Barlas Oguz, Sewon Min, Patrick Lewis, Ledell Wu, Sergey Edunov, Danqi Chen, and Wen-tau Yih. 2020 · 2020
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Language models as fact checkers?
Nayeon Lee, Belinda Li, Sinong Wang, Wen-tau Yih, Hao Ma, and Madian Khabsa. 2020 · 2020
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BART: Denoising sequence-to-sequence pre-training for natural language generation, translation, and comprehension
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Unsupervised question answering by cloze translation
Patrick Lewis, Ludovic Denoyer, and Sebastian Riedel. 2019 · 2019
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Language models as knowledge bases?
Fabio Petroni, Tim Rocktäschel, Sebastian Riedel, Patrick Lewis, Anton Bakhtin, Yuxiang Wu, and Alexander Miller. 2019 · 2019
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ELECTRA: Pre-training text encoders as discriminators rather than generators
Kevin Clark, Minh-Thang Luong, Quoc V. Le, and Christopher D. Manning. 2020 · 2020
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Train no evil: Selective masking for task-guided pre-training
Yuxian Gu, Zhengyan Zhang, Xiaozhi Wang, Zhiyuan Liu, and Maosong Sun. 2020 · 2020
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Don’t stop pretraining: Adapt language models to domains and tasks
Suchin Gururangan, Ana Marasović, Swabha Swayamdipta, Kyle Lo, Iz Beltagy, Doug Downey, and Noah A. Smith. 2020 · 2020
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Mike Lewis, Yinhan Liu, Naman Goyal, Marjan Ghazvininejad, Abdelrahman Mohamed, Omer Levy, Veselin Stoyanov, and Luke Zettlemoyer. 2020 · 2020
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Exploring the limits of transfer learning with a unified text-to-text transformer
Colin Raffel, Noam Shazeer, Adam Roberts, Katherine Lee, Sharan Narang, Michael Matena, Yanqi Zhou, Wei Li, and Peter J. Liu. 2020 · 2020
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How much knowledge can you pack into the parameters of a language model?
Adam Roberts, Colin Raffel, and Noam Shazeer. 2020 · 2020
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Unsupervised commonsense question answering with self-talk
Vered Shwartz, Peter West, Ronan Le Bras, Chandra Bhagavatula, and Yejin Choi. 2020 · 2020
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PEGASUS: Pre-training with extracted gap-sentences for abstractive summarization
Jingqing Zhang, Yao Zhao, Mohammad Saleh, and Peter J. Liu. 2020 · 2020
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