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Spurious correlations threaten the validity of statistical classifiers.
Ridge Regression: Biased Estimation for Nonorthogonal Problems
Hoerl, A. E.; and Kennard, R. W. 1970 · 1970
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The estimation of causal effects from observational data
Winship, C.; and Morgan, S. L. 1999 · 1999
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An Extensive Empirical Study of Feature Selection Metrics for Text Classification
Forman, G. 2003 · 2003
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Nonparametric estimation of average treatment effects under exogeneity: A review
Imbens, G. W. 2004 · 2004
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Examining Gender and Race Bias in Two Hundred Sentiment Analysis Systems
Kiritchenko, S.; and Mohammad, S. 2018 · 2005
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Seeing stars: Exploiting class relationships for sentiment categorization with respect to rating scales
Pang, B.; and Lee, L. 2005 · 2005
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Modeling Annotators: A Generative Approach to Learning from Annotator Rationales
Zaidan, O. F.; and Eisner, J. 2008 · 2008
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Dataset Shift in Machine Learning
Quionero-Candela, J.; Sugiyama, M.; Schwaighofer, A.; and Lawrence, N. D. 2009 · 2009
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Leakage in Data Mining: Formulation, Detection, and Avoidance
Kaufman, S.; Rosset, S.; and Perlich, C. 2011 · 2011
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Scikit-learn: Machine Learning in Python
Pedregosa, F.; Varoquaux, G.; Gramfort, A.; Michel, V.; Thirion, B.; Grisel, O.; Blondel, M.; Prettenhofer, P.; Weiss, R.; Dubourg, V.; Vanderplas, J.; Passos, A.; Cournapeau, D.; Brucher, M.; Perrot, M.; and Duchesnay, E. 2011 · 2011
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Choice of Plausible Alternatives: An Evaluation of Commonsense Causal Reasoning
Roemmele, M.; Bejan, C.; and Gordon, A. 2011 · 2011
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Explaining data-driven document classifications
Martens, D.; and Provost, F. 2014 · 2014
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Ups and Downs
He, R.; and McAuley, J. 2016 · 2016
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Feature Selection as Causal Inference: Experiments with Text Classification
Paul, M. J. 2017 · 2017
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Ex Machina: Personal Attacks Seen at Scale
Wulczyn, E.; Thain, N.; and Dixon, L. 2017 · 2017
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Robust Text Classification under Confounding Shift
Landeiro, V.; and Culotta, A. 2018 · 2018
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Gender Bias in Neural Natural Language Processing
Lu, K.; Mardziel, P.; Wu, F.; Amancharla, P.; and Datta, A. 2018 · 2018
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Interpretation of neural networks is fragile
Ghorbani, A.; Abid, A.; and Zou, J. 2019 · 2019
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Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions
Jia, R.; Raghunathan, A.; Göksel, K.; and Liang, P. 2019 · 2019
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Why propensity scores should not be used for matching
King, G.; and Nielsen, R. 2019 · 2019
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Counterfactual Data Augmentation for Mitigating Gender Stereotypes in Languages with Rich Morphology
Zmigrod, R.; Mielke, S. J.; Wallach, H.; and Cotterell, R. 2019 · 2019
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Learning The Difference That Makes A Difference With Counterfactually-Augmented Data
Kaushik, D.; Hovy, E.; and Lipton, Z. 2020 · 2020
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Text and Causal Inference: A Review of Using Text to Remove Confounding from Causal Estimates
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Sap, M.; Bras, R. L.; Allaway, E.; Bhagavatula, C.; Lourie, N.; Rashkin, H.; Roof, B.; Smith, N. A.; and Choi, Y. 2018 · 2018
Cited alongside, same era.
Challenges of Using Text Classifiers for Causal Inference
Wood-Doughty, Z.; Shpitser, I.; and Dredze, M. 2018 · 2018
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A Backdoor Attack Against LSTM-Based Text Classification Systems
Dai, J.; Chen, C.; and Li, Y. 2019 · 2019
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BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding
Devlin, J.; Chang, M.-W.; Lee, K.; and Toutanova, K. 2019 · 2019
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Counterfactual Fairness in Text Classification through Robustness
Garg, S.; Perot, V.; Limtiaco, N.; Taly, A.; Chi, E. H.; and Beutel, A. 2019 · 2019
Cited alongside, same era.
Keith, K.; Jensen, D.; and O’Connor, B. 2020 · 2020
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Beyond Accuracy: Behavioral Testing of NLP Models with CheckList
Ribeiro, M. T.; Wu, T.; Guestrin, C.; and Singh, S. 2020 · 2020
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An Investigation of Why Overparameterization Exacerbates Spurious Correlations
Sagawa, S.; Raghunathan, A.; Koh, P. W.; and Liang, P. 2020 · 2020
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Robustness to Spurious Correlations via Human Annotations
Srivastava, M.; Hashimoto, T.; and Liang, P. 2020 · 2020
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Identifying Spurious Correlations for Robust Text Classification
Wang, Z.; and Culotta, A. 2020 · 2020
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