Fetching the paper…
Reading the bibliography…
Multiplayer games have long been used as testbeds in artificial intelligence research, aptly referred to as the Drosophila of artificial intelligence.
La théorie du jeu et les équations intégralesa noyau symétrique
Emile Borel · 1921
Earlier work this paper cites.
Equilibrium points in n n -person games
John F Nash · 1950
Earlier work this paper cites.
An iterative method of solving a game
Julia Robinson · 1951
Earlier work this paper cites.
Digital computers applied to games
Alan M Turing · 1953
Earlier work this paper cites.
Programming computers to play games
Arthur L Samuel · 1960
Earlier work this paper cites.
A taxonomy of 2 × \times 2 games
Anatol Rapoport and Melvin Guyer · 1966
Earlier work this paper cites.
The tragedy of the commons
Garrett Hardin · 1968
Earlier work this paper cites.
Social traps
John Platt · 1973
Earlier work this paper cites.
The Logic of Collective Action
Mancur Olson · 1974
Earlier work this paper cites.
Computer science as empirical inquiry: Symbols and search
Allen Newell and Herbert A Simon · 1976
Earlier work this paper cites.
The Rating of Chess players, Past and Present
Arpad Elo · 1978
Earlier work this paper cites.
Interaction between learning and development
Lev Vygotsky · 1978
Earlier work this paper cites.
Social dilemmas
Robyn M Dawes · 1980
Earlier work this paper cites.
Evolution and the Theory of Games
John Maynard Smith and John Maynard Maynard Smith · 1982
Earlier work this paper cites.
A classification of social dilemma games
Wim BG Liebrand · 1983
Earlier work this paper cites.
A distance measure between attributed relational graphs for pattern recognition
A Sanfeliu and King-Sun Fu · 1983
Earlier work this paper cites.
Social network analysis
John Scott · 1988
Earlier work this paper cites.
The Laplacian spectrum of graphs
Bojan Mohar · 1991
Earlier work this paper cites.
Learning and development in neural networks: The importance of starting small
Jeffrey L Elman · 1993
Earlier work this paper cites.
Neural network learning control of robot manipulators using gradually increasing task difficulty
Terence D Sanger · 1994
Earlier work this paper cites.
Social network analysis: Methods and applications
Stanley Wasserman and Katherine Faust · 1994
Earlier work this paper cites.
Evolutionary Game Theory
Jorgen W Weibull · 1995
Earlier work this paper cites.
AI as sport
John McCarthy · 1997
Earlier work this paper cites.
Evolutionary games and population dynamics
Josef Hofbauer and Karl Sigmund · 1998
Earlier work this paper cites.
The PageRank citation ranking: Bringing order to the web
Lawrence Page, Sergey Brin, Rajeev Motwani, and Terry Winograd · 1999
Earlier work this paper cites.
Minimization of boolean complexity in human concept learning
Jacob Feldman · 2000
Earlier work this paper cites.
Normalized cuts and image segmentation
Jianbo Shi and Jitendra Malik · 2000
Earlier work this paper cites.
Nash convergence of gradient dynamics in general-sum games
Satinder P Singh, Michael J Kearns, and Yishay Mansour · 2000
Earlier work this paper cites.
Fun, play and games: What makes games engaging
Marc Prensky · 2001
Earlier work this paper cites.
A gamut of games
Jonathan Schaeffer · 2001
Earlier work this paper cites.
Estimating the number of clusters in a data set via the gap statistic
Robert Tibshirani, Guenther Walther, and Trevor Hastie · 2001
Earlier work this paper cites.
Deep Blue
Murray Campbell, A Joseph Hoane Jr., and Feng-hsiung Hsu · 2002
Earlier work this paper cites.
Analyzing complex strategic interactions in multi-agent games
William E Walsh, Rajarshi Das, Gerald Tesauro, and Jeffrey O Kephart · 2002
Earlier work this paper cites.
Applying evolutionary game theory to auction mechanism design
Andrew Byde · 2003
Earlier work this paper cites.
Planning in the presence of cost functions controlled by an adversary
H Brendan McMahan, Geoffrey J Gordon, and Avrim Blum · 2003
Earlier work this paper cites.
Reinforcement learning to play an optimal Nash equilibrium in team Markov games
Xiaofeng Wang and Tuomas Sandholm · 2003
Earlier work this paper cites.
Large scale properties of the webgraph
Debora Donato, Luigi Laura, Stefano Leonardi, and Stefano Millozzi · 2004
Earlier work this paper cites.
A cartography for 2x2 symmetric games
Álvaro Francisco Huertas-Rosero · 2004
Earlier work this paper cites.
Convergence issues in competitive games
Vahab S Mirrokni and Adrian Vetta · 2004
Earlier work this paper cites.
Evolutionary dynamics of biological games
Martin A Nowak and Karl Sigmund · 2004
Earlier work this paper cites.
Emergence of cooperation and evolutionary stability in finite populations
Martin A Nowak, Akira Sasaki, Christine Taylor, and Drew Fudenberg · 2004
Earlier work this paper cites.
An evolutionary game-theoretic comparison of two double-auction market designs
Steve Phelps, Simon Parsons, and Peter McBurney · 2004
Earlier work this paper cites.
Evolutionary game dynamics in finite populations
Christine Taylor, Drew Fudenberg, Akira Sasaki, and Martin A Nowak · 2004
Earlier work this paper cites.
Evolving opponents for interesting interactive computer games
Georgios N Yannakakis and John Hallam · 2004
Earlier work this paper cites.
General game playing: Overview of the AAAI competition
Michael Genesereth, Nathaniel Love, and Barney Pell · 2005
Earlier work this paper cites.
Evolutionary cycles of cooperation and defection
Lorens A Imhof, Drew Fudenberg, and Martin A Nowak · 2005
Earlier work this paper cites.
Selection of K K in K K -means clustering
Duc Truong Pham, Stefan S Dimov, and Chi D Nguyen · 2005
Earlier work this paper cites.
The topology of the 2x2 games: A new periodic table , volume 3
David Robinson and David Goforth · 2005
Earlier work this paper cites.
Clustering methods
Lior Rokach and Oded Maimon · 2005
Earlier work this paper cites.
Nash equilibria sets in mixed extended 2 × \times 3 games
Valeriu Ungureanu and Ana Botnari · 2005
Earlier work this paper cites.
Complex networks: Structure and dynamics
Stefano Boccaletti, Vito Latora, Yamir Moreno, Martin Chavez, and D-U Hwang · 2006
Earlier work this paper cites.
Efficient selectivity and backup operators in Monte-Carlo tree search
Rémi Coulom · 2006
Earlier work this paper cites.
Imitation processes with small mutations
Drew Fudenberg and Lorens A Imhof · 2006
Earlier work this paper cites.
The CMA evolution strategy: A comparing review
Nikolaus Hansen · 2006
Earlier work this paper cites.
Complex networks: From graph theory to biology
Annick Lesne · 2006
Earlier work this paper cites.
Methods for empirical game-theoretic analysis
Michael P Wellman · 2006
Earlier work this paper cites.
Complexity in chemistry, biology, and ecology
Danail D Bonchev and Dennis Rouvray · 2007
Earlier work this paper cites.
Characterization of complex networks: A survey of measurements
Luciano da F Costa, Francisco A Rodrigues, Gonzalo Travieso, and Paulino Ribeiro Villas Boas · 2007
Cited alongside, same era.
Via freedom to coercion: The emergence of costly punishment
Christoph Hauert, Arne Traulsen, Hannelore Brandt, Martin A Nowak, and Karl Sigmund · 2007
Cited alongside, same era.
Automatic design of balanced board games
Vincent Hom and Joe Marks · 2007
Cited alongside, same era.
Towards automated game design
Mark J Nelson and Michael Mateas · 2007
Cited alongside, same era.
What is a complex graph?
Jongkwang Kim and Thomas Wilhelm · 2008
Cited alongside, same era.
Ecology for bankers
Robert M May, Simon A Levin, and George Sugihara · 2008
Cited alongside, same era.
Platformer level design for player believability
Elizabeth Camilleri, Georgios N Yannakakis, and Alexiei Dingli · 2016
Later among the works it cites.
The ANGELINA videogame design system—part I
Michael Cook, Simon Colton, and Jeremy Gow · 2016
Later among the works it cites.
No man’s sky
Hello Games · 2016
Later among the works it cites.
Evolving chess-like games using relative algorithm performance profiles
Jakub Kowalski and Marek Szykuła · 2016
Later among the works it cites.
Rules and mechanics
Mark J Nelson, Julian Togelius, Cameron Browne, and Michael Cook · 2016
Later among the works it cites.
Procedural content generation in games
Noor Shaker, Julian Togelius, and Mark J Nelson · 2016
Later among the works it cites.
alphaXiv searches the wider corpus for related work and actual follow-ups.
alphaXiv is searching for related work…
Julian Togelius and Jurgen Schmidhuber · 2008
Cited alongside, same era.
What can graph theory tell us about word learning and lexical retrieval?
Michael S Vitevitch · 2008
Cited alongside, same era.
Curriculum learning
Yoshua Bengio, Jérôme Louradour, Ronan Collobert, and Jason Weston · 2009
Cited alongside, same era.
Settling the complexity of computing two-player Nash equilibria
Xi Chen, Xiaotie Deng, and Shang-Hua Teng · 2009
Cited alongside, same era.
The complexity of computing a Nash equilibrium
Constantinos Daskalakis, Paul W Goldberg, and Christos H Papadimitriou · 2009
Cited alongside, same era.
Game Theory Evolving
Herbert Gintis · 2009
Cited alongside, same era.
David Silver, Aja Huang, Chris J. Maddison, Arthur Guez, Laurent Sifre, George van den Driessche, Julian Schrittwieser, Ioannis Antonoglou, Veda Panneershelvam, Marc Lanctot, Sander Dieleman, Dominik Grewe, John Nham, Nal Kalchbrenner, Ilya Sutskever, Timothy Lillicrap, Madeleine Leach, Koray Kavukcuoglu, Thore Graepel, and Demis Hassabis · 2016
Later among the works it cites.
Why artificial intelligence needs a task theory
Kristinn R Thórisson, Jordi Bieger, Thröstur Thorarensen, Jóna S Siguroardóttir, and Bas R Steunebrink · 2016
Later among the works it cites.
Finite-population evolution with rare mutations in asymmetric games
Carl Veller and Laura K Hayward · 2016
Later among the works it cites.
Reverse curriculum generation for reinforcement learning
Carlos Florensa, David Held, Markus Wulfmeier, Michael Zhang, and Pieter Abbeel · 2017
Later among the works it cites.
Automated curriculum learning for neural networks
Alex Graves, Marc G Bellemare, Jacob Menick, Remi Munos, and Koray Kavukcuoglu · 2017
Later among the works it cites.
A new AI evaluation cosmos: Ready to play the game?
José Hernández-Orallo, Marco Baroni, Jordi Bieger, Nader Chmait, David L Dowe, Katja Hofmann, Fernando Martínez-Plumed, Claes Strannegård, and Kristinn R Thórisson · 2017
Later among the works it cites.
A unified game-theoretic approach to multiagent reinforcement learning
Marc Lanctot, Vinicius Zambaldi, Audrunas Gruslys, Angeliki Lazaridou, Karl Tuyls, Julien Pérolat, David Silver, and Thore Graepel · 2017
Later among the works it cites.
Multi-agent reinforcement learning in sequential social dilemmas
Joel Z Leibo, Vinicius Zambaldi, Marc Lanctot, Janusz Marecki, and Thore Graepel · 2017
Later among the works it cites.
Stochastic dynamics through hierarchically embedded Markov chains
Vítor V Vasconcelos, Fernando P Santos, Francisco C Santos, and Jorge M Pacheco · 2017
Later among the works it cites.
Task analysis for teaching cumulative learners
Jordi E Bieger and Kristinn R Thórisson · 2018
Later among the works it cites.
Cooperating with machines
Jacob W Crandall, Mayada Oudah, Fatimah Ishowo-Oloko, Sherief Abdallah, Jean-François Bonnefon, Manuel Cebrian, Azim Shariff, Michael A Goodrich, and Iyad Rahwan · 2018
Later among the works it cites.
Illuminating generalization in deep reinforcement learning through procedural level generation
Niels Justesen, Ruben Rodriguez Torrado, Philip Bontrager, Ahmed Khalifa, Julian Togelius, and Sebastian Risi · 2018
Later among the works it cites.
Revisiting the Arcade Learning Environment: Evaluation protocols and open problems for general agents
Marlos C. Machado, Marc G. Bellemare, Erik Talvitie, Joel Veness, Matthew J. Hausknecht, and Michael Bowling · 2018
Later among the works it cites.
Social norm complexity and past reputations in the evolution of cooperation
Fernando P Santos, Francisco C Santos, and Jorge M Pacheco · 2018
Later among the works it cites.
A general reinforcement learning algorithm that masters chess, shogi, and Go through self-play
David Silver, Thomas Hubert, Julian Schrittwieser, Ioannis Antonoglou, Matthew Lai, Arthur Guez, Marc Lanctot, Laurent Sifre, Dharshan Kumaran, Thore Graepel, Timothy Lillicrap, Karen Simonyan, and Demis Hassabis · 2018
Later among the works it cites.
NetLSD: Hearing the shape of a graph
Anton Tsitsulin, Davide Mottin, Panagiotis Karras, Alexander Bronstein, and Emmanuel Müller · 2018
Later among the works it cites.
A generalised method for empirical game theoretic analysis
Karl Tuyls, Julien Perolat, Marc Lanctot, Joel Z Leibo, and Thore Graepel · 2018
Later among the works it cites.
Curriculum learning by transfer learning: Theory and experiments with deep networks
Daphna Weinshall, Gad Cohen, and Dan Amir · 2018
Later among the works it cites.
A formal separation between strategic and nonstrategic behavior
James R Wright and Kevin Leyton-Brown · 2018
Later among the works it cites.
Open-ended learning in symmetric zero-sum games
David Balduzzi, Marta Garnelo, Yoram Bachrach, Wojciech M Czarnecki, Julien Perolat, Max Jaderberg, and Thore Graepel · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
Jeff Clune · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
Quantifying generalization in reinforcement learning
Karl Cobbe, Oleg Klimov, Chris Hesse, Taehoon Kim, and John Schulman · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
Multi-agent common knowledge reinforcement learning
Christian Schröder de Witt, Jakob N. Foerster, Gregory Farquhar, Philip H. S. Torr, Wendelin Boehmer, and Shimon Whiteson · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
Optimising worlds to evaluate and influence reinforcement learning agents
Richard Everett, Adam Cobb, Andrew Markham, and Stephen Roberts · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
On the power of curriculum learning in training deep networks
Guy Hacohen and Daphna Weinshall · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
CMA-ES/pycma on Github
Nikolaus Hansen, Youhei Akimoto, and Petr Baudis · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
Obstacle tower: A generalization challenge in vision, control, and planning
Arthur Juliani, Ahmed Khalifa, Vincent-Pierre Berges, Jonathan Harper, Ervin Teng, Hunter Henry, Adam Crespi, Julian Togelius, and Danny Lange · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
Intentional computational level design
Ahmed Khalifa, Michael Cerny Green, Gabriella Barros, and Julian Togelius · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
OpenSpiel: A framework for reinforcement learning in games
Marc Lanctot, Edward Lockhart, Jean-Baptiste Lespiau, Vinicius Zambaldi, Satyaki Upadhyay, Julien Pérolat, Sriram Srinivasan, Finbarr Timbers, Karl Tuyls, Shayegan Omidshafiei, Daniel Hennes, Dustin Morrill, Paul Muller, Timo Ewalds, Ryan Faulkner, János Kramár, Bart De Vylder, Brennan Saeta, James Bradbury, David Ding, Sebastian Borgeaud, Matthew Lai, Julian Schrittwieser, Thomas Anthony, Edward Hughes, Ivo Danihelka, and Jonah Ryan-Davis · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
Joel Z Leibo, Edward Hughes, Marc Lanctot, and Thore Graepel · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
Emergent coordination through competition
Siqi Liu, Guy Lever, Nicholas Heess, Josh Merel, Saran Tunyasuvunakool, and Thore Graepel · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
α \alpha -Rank: Multi-agent evaluation by evolution
Shayegan Omidshafiei, Christos Papadimitriou, Georgios Piliouras, Karl Tuyls, Mark Rowland, Jean-Baptiste Lespiau, Wojciech M Czarnecki, Marc Lanctot, Julien Perolat, and Rémi Munos · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
Dota 2 with large scale deep reinforcement learning
OpenAI, Christopher Berner, Greg Brockman, Brooke Chan, Vicki Cheung, Przemysław Dȩbiak, Christy Dennison, David Farhi, Quirin Fischer, Shariq Hashme, Chris Hesse, Rafal Józefowicz, , Scott Gray, Catherine Olsson, Jakub Pachocki, Michael Petrov, Henrique Pondé de Oliveira Pinto, Jonathan Raiman, Tim Salimans, Jeremy Schlatter, Jonas Schneider, Szymon Sidor, Ilya Sutskever, Jie Tang, Filip Wolski, and Susan Zhang · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
General video game AI: A multitrack framework for evaluating agents, games, and content generation algorithms
Diego Perez-Liebana, Jialin Liu, Ahmed Khalifa, Raluca D Gaina, Julian Togelius, and Simon M Lucas · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
Multiagent evaluation under incomplete information
Mark Rowland, Shayegan Omidshafiei, Karl Tuyls, Julien Perolat, Michal Valko, Georgios Piliouras, and Remi Munos · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
Grandmaster level in StarCraft II using multi-agent reinforcement learning
Oriol Vinyals, Igor Babuschkin, Wojciech M. Czarnecki, Michaël Mathieu, Andrew Dudzik, Junyoung Chung, David H. Choi, Richard Powell, Timo Ewalds, Petko Georgiev, Junhyuk Oh, Dan Horgan, Manuel Kroiss, Ivo Danihelka, Aja Huang, Laurent Sifre, Trevor Cai, John P. Agapiou, Max Jaderberg, Alexander S. Vezhnevets, Rémi Leblond, Tobias Pohlen, Valentin Dalibard, David Budden, Yury Sulsky, James Molloy, Tom L. Paine, Caglar Gulcehre, Ziyu Wang, Tobias Pfaff, Yuhuai Wu, Roman Ring, Dani Yogatama, Dario Wünsch, Katrina McKinney, Oliver Smith, Tom Schaul, Timothy Lillicrap, Koray Kavukcuoglu, Demis Hassabis, Chris Apps, and David Silver · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
Rui Wang, Joel Lehman, Jeff Clune, and Kenneth O Stanley · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
Iterated deep reinforcement learning in games: History-aware training for improved stability
Mason Wright, Yongzhao Wang, and Michael P. Wellman · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
Emergent tool use from multi-agent autocurricula
Bowen Baker, Ingmar Kanitscheider, Todor Markov, Yi Wu, Glenn Powell, Bob McGrew, and Igor Mordatch · 2020
Closest in time.
Mech-elites: Illuminating the mechanic space of gvgai
Megan Charity, Michael Cerny Green, Ahmed Khalifa, and Julian Togelius · 2020
Closest in time.
Real world games look like spinning tops
Wojciech Marian Czarnecki, Gauthier Gidel, Brendan Tracey, Karl Tuyls, Shayegan Omidshafiei, David Balduzzi, and Max Jaderberg · 2020
Closest in time.
Evolving cooperation in multichannel games
Kate Donahue, Oliver P Hauser, Martin A Nowak, and Christian Hilbe · 2020
Closest in time.
Balancing individual preferences and shared objectives in multiagent reinforcement learning
Ishan Durugkar, Elad Liebman, and Peter Stone · 2020
Closest in time.
Neural replicator dynamics: Multiagent learning via hedging policy gradients
Daniel Hennes, Dustin Morrill, Shayegan Omidshafiei, Rémi Munos, Julien Perolat, Marc Lanctot, Audrunas Gruslys, Jean-Baptiste Lespiau, Paavo Parmas, Edgar Duéñez-Guzmán, and Karl Tuyls · 2020
Closest in time.
Structure learning for approximate solution of many-player games
Zun Li and Michael P. Wellman · 2020
Closest in time.
A generalized training approach for multiagent learning
Paul Muller, Shayegan Omidshafiei, Mark Rowland, Karl Tuyls, Julien Perolat, Siqi Liu, Daniel Hennes, Luke Marris, Marc Lanctot, Edward Hughes, Zhe Wang, Guy Lever, Nicolas Heess, Thore Graepel, and Remi Munos · 2020
Closest in time.
Increasing generality in machine learning through procedural content generation
Sebastian Risi and Julian Togelius · 2020
Closest in time.
Robust market making via adversarial reinforcement learning
Thomas Spooner and Rahul Savani · 2020
Closest in time.
Bounds and dynamics for empirical game theoretic analysis
Karl Tuyls, Julien Pérolat, Marc Lanctot, Edward Hughes, Richard Everett, Joel Z. Leibo, Csaba Szepesvári, and Thore Graepel · 2020
Closest in time.
Rui Wang, Joel Lehman, Aditya Rawal, Jiale Zhi, Yulun Li, Jeff Clune, and Kenneth O Stanley · 2020
Closest in time.
Artificial intelligence and games
Georgios N Yannakakis and Julian Togelius · 2020
Closest in time.