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The problem of families, "Why are there three families of fermions?", is a long awaited question to be answered within a reasonable framework.
J. E. Kim, A model of flavor unity , Phys. Rev. Lett. 45
1916
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J. C. Pati and Abdus Salam, Unified lepton-hadron symmetry and a gauge theory of the basic interactions , Phys. Rev. D 8
1973
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H. M. Georgi and S. L. Glashow, Unity of all elementary particle forces , Phys. Rev. Lett. 32
1974
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H. Georgi, H. R. Quinn, and S. Weinberg, Hierarchy of interactions in unified gauge theories , Phys. Rev. Lett. 33
1974
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1975
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H. Georgi, Towards a grand unified theory of flavor , Nucl. Phys. B 156
1979
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P. Frampton, SU(N) grand unification with several quark - lepton generations , Phys. Lett. B 88
1979
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P. Frampton and S. Nandi, SU(9) grand unification of flavor with three generations , Phys. Rev. Lett. 43
1979
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P. Frampton and S. Nandi, Estimate of flavor number from SU(5) grand unification , Phys. Lett. B 85
1979
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J. E. Kim, Flavor unity in SU(7): Low mass magnetic monopole, doubly charged lepton, and Q=5/3,−4/3 quarks , Phys. Rev. D 23
1981
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S. Dimopoulos and F. Wilczek, The unity of the fundamental interactions , Conference: C81-07-31 ed. A. Zichichi (Plenum, New York, 1983), p.817 [Proceedings, 19th Course of the International School of Subnuclear Physics, Erice, Italy, July 31 - August 11, 1981] [doi: 10.1007/978-1-4613-3655-6]
1981
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S. M. Barr, A new symmetry breaking pattern for SO(10) and proton decay , Phys. Lett. B 112
1982
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J. P. Derendinger, J. E. Kim, and D. V. Nanopoulos, Anti-SU(5) , Phys. Lett. B 139
1984
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J. E. Kim and H. P. Nilles, The μ \mu problem and the strong CP problem , Phys. Lett. B 138
1984
Cited alongside, same era.
D. J. Gross, J. A. Harvey, E. J. Martinec, and R. Rohm, The heterotic string , Phys. Rev. Lett. 54
1985
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P. Candelas, G. T. Horowitz, A. Strominger, and E. Witten, Vacuum configurations for superstrings , Nucl. Phys. B 258
1985
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L. J. Dixon, J. A. Harvey, C. Vafa, and E. Witten, Strings on orbifolds , Nucl. Phys. B 261
1985
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L. E. Ibañez, H. P. Nilles, and F. Quevedo, Orbifolds and Wilson lines , Phys. Lett. B 187
K. S. Babu and S. M. Barr, Natural gauge hierarchy in SO(10) , Phys. Rev. D 50
1994
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S. M. Barr and D. Seckel, Planck scale corrections to axion models , Phys. Rev. D 46
1997
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K.-S. Choi and J. E. Kim, 𝐙 2 {\bf Z}_{2} orbifold compactication of heterotic string and 6D SO(16) and E 7 × {}_{7}\times SU(2) flavor unification models , Phys. Lett. B 552
2003
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T. Kobayashi, S. Raby, and R. J. Zhang, Searching for realistic 4d string models with a Pati-Salam symmetry: Orbifold grand unified theories from heterotic string compactification on a 𝐙 6 {\bf Z}_{6} orbifold , Nucl. Phys. B 704
2005
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K.-S. Choi and J. E. Kim, Quarks and Leptons from Orbifolded Superstring
2006
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1987
Cited alongside, same era.
L. E. Ibañez, J. E. Kim, H. P. Nilles, and F. Quevedo, Orbifold compactifications with three families of SU(3) × \times SU(2) × \times U(1) n
1987
Cited alongside, same era.
I. Antoniadis, J. R. Ellis, J .S. Hagelin, and D. V. Nanopoulos, The flipped SU(5) × \times U(1) string model revamped , Phys. Lett. B 231
1989
Cited alongside, same era.
L. M. Krauss and F. Wilczek, Discrete gauge symmetry in continuum theories , Phys. Rev. Lett. 62
1989
Cited alongside, same era.
E. J. Chun, J. E. Kim, and H. P. Nilles, A natural solution of the μ \mu problem with a composite axion in the hidden sector , Nucl. Phys. B 370
1992
Cited alongside, same era.
L. E. Ibanez and G. G. Ross, Discrete gauge symmetries and the origin of baryon and lepton number conservation in supersymmetric versions of the standard model , Nucl. Phys. B 368
1992
Cited alongside, same era.
J. A. Casas and C. Muñoz, Natural solution to the μ \mu problem , Phys. Lett. B 306
1993
Cited alongside, same era.
J. E. Kim and B. Kyae, Flipped SU(5) from 𝐙 12 − I {\bf Z}_{12-I} orbifold with Wilson line , Nucl. Phys. B 770
2007
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2007
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2010
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2013
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2013
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