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2013

Why Gauge?

Rovelli, Carlo

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The world appears to be well described by gauge theories; why? I suggest that gauge is more than mathematical redundancy.

Gauge-dependent quantities can not be predicted, but there is a sense in which they can be measured.
They describe "handles" though which systems couple: they represent real relational structures to which the experimentalist has access in measurement by supplying one of the relata in the measurement procedure itself.
This observation leads to a physical interpretation for the ubiquity of gauge: it is a consequence of a relational structure of physical quantities.

Why Gauge? · Around

Built on

Generalized Hamiltonian dynamics
P A M Dirac · 1950
Earlier work this paper cites.
Conservation of Isotopic Spin and Isotopic Gauge Invariance
Chen-Ning Yang and Robert L Mills · 1954
Earlier work this paper cites.
Invariant theoretical interpretation of interaction
Ryoyu Utiyama · 1956
Earlier work this paper cites.
Gravitation, Gauge Theories and Differential Geometry
Tohru Eguchi, Peter B Gilkey, and Andrew J Hanson · 1980
Earlier work this paper cites.
Quantum evolving constants
Carlo Rovelli · 1991
Earlier work this paper cites.
Partial observables
Carlo Rovelli · 2002
Earlier work this paper cites.

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