Phantom behaviour and growth index anomalous evolution in viable f(R) gravity models

Understand

We present numerical calculation of the evolution of a background space-time metric and sub-horizon matter density perturbations in viable $f(R)$ gravity models of present dark energy and cosmic acceleration.

• We found that viable models generically exhibit recent crossing of the phantom boundary $w_{DE}=-1$.
• Moreover, as a consequence of the anomalous growth of density perturbations during the end of the matter-dominated stage, their growth index evolves non-monotonically with time and may even become negative.