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The influence of a possible non zero chemical potential $\mu$ on the nature of dark energy is investigated by assuming that the dark energy is a relativistic perfect simple fluid obeying the equation of state (EoS), $p=\omega \rho$ ($\omega <0, constant$).
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In the case of a relativistic ideal gas of massive particles, for instance, the so-called fugacity reads, e x p ( μ / k B T ) = n ( 2 π h ¯ ) 3 / 4 π m 2 c k B K 2 ( m c 2 / k B T ) exp(\mu/k_{B}T)=n(2\pi\bar{h})^{3}/4\pi m^{2}ck_{B}K_{2}(mc^{2}/k_{B}T) , where m m is the particles mass and K 2 K_{2} is the modified Bessel of second kind
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