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Many reasoning techniques for large multimodal models adapt language model approaches, such as Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting, which express reasoning as word sequences.
Attention is all you need
Ashish Vaswani, Noam Shazeer, Niki Parmar, Jakob Uszkoreit, Llion Jones, Aidan N Gomez, Łukasz Kaiser, and Illia Polosukhin · 2017
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Making the V in VQA matter: Elevating the role of image understanding in Visual Question Answering
Yash Goyal, Tejas Khot, Douglas Summers-Stay, Dhruv Batra, and Devi Parikh · 2017
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Stacked latent attention for multimodal reasoning
Haoqi Fan and Jiatong Zhou · 2018
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Learning transferable visual models from natural language supervision
Alec Radford, Jong Wook Kim, Chris Hallacy, Aditya Ramesh, Gabriel Goh, Sandhini Agarwal, Girish Sastry, Amanda Askell, Pamela Mishkin, Jack Clark, et al · 2021
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Learn to explain: Multimodal reasoning via thought chains for science question answering
Pan Lu, Swaroop Mishra, Tony Xia, Liang Qiu, Kai-Wei Chang, Song-Chun Zhu, Oyvind Tafjord, Peter Clark, and Ashwin Kalyan · 2022
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Chain-of-thought prompting elicits reasoning in large language models
Jason Wei, Xuezhi Wang, Dale Schuurmans, Maarten Bosma, Fei Xia, Ed Chi, Quoc V Le, Denny Zhou, et al · 2022
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Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback
Long Ouyang, Jeffrey Wu, Xu Jiang, Diogo Almeida, Carroll Wainwright, Pamela Mishkin, Chong Zhang, Sandhini Agarwal, Katarina Slama, Alex Ray, et al · 2022
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Self-consistency improves chain of thought reasoning in language models
Xuezhi Wang, Jason Wei, Dale Schuurmans, Quoc Le, Ed Chi, Sharan Narang, Aakanksha Chowdhery, and Denny Zhou · 2022
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Tree of thoughts: Deliberate problem solving with large language models
Shunyu Yao, Dian Yu, Jeffrey Zhao, Izhak Shafran, Tom Griffiths, Yuan Cao, and Karthik Narasimhan · 2023
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Multimodal chain-of-thought reasoning in language models
Zhuosheng Zhang, Aston Zhang, Mu Li, Hai Zhao, George Karypis, and Alex Smola · 2023
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Latent skill discovery for chain-of-thought reasoning
Zifan Xu, Haozhu Wang, Dmitriy Bespalov, Xuan Wang, Peter Stone, and Yanjun Qi · 2023
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Kosmos-2: Grounding multimodal large language models to the world
Zhiliang Peng, Wenhui Wang, Li Dong, Yaru Hao, Shaohan Huang, Shuming Ma, and Furu Wei · 2023
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Visual instruction tuning
Haotian Liu, Chunyuan Li, Qingyang Wu, and Yong Jae Lee · 2023
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Instructblip: Towards general-purpose vision-language models with instruction tuning
Wenliang Dai, Junnan Li, Dongxu Li, Anthony Tiong, Junqi Zhao, Weisheng Wang, Boyang Li, Pascale N Fung, and Steven Hoi · 2023
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Openflamingo, March 2023
Anas Awadalla, Irena Gao, Joshua Gardner, Jack Hessel, Yusuf Hanafy, Wanrong Zhu, Kalyani Marathe, Yonatan Bitton, Samir Gadre, Jenia Jitsev, Simon Kornblith, Pang Wei Koh, Gabriel Ilharco, Mitchell Wortsman, and Ludwig Schmidt · 2023
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Qwen-vl: A frontier large vision-language model with versatile abilities
Jinze Bai, Shuai Bai, Shusheng Yang, Shijie Wang, Sinan Tan, Peng Wang, Junyang Lin, Chang Zhou, and Jingren Zhou · 2023
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Minigpt-4: Enhancing vision-language understanding with advanced large language models
Deyao Zhu, Jun Chen, Xiaoqian Shen, Xiang Li, and Mohamed Elhoseiny · 2023
Deepseekmath: Pushing the limits of mathematical reasoning in open language models
Zhihong Shao, Peiyi Wang, Qihao Zhu, Runxin Xu, Junxiao Song, Xiao Bi, Haowei Zhang, Mingchuan Zhang, YK Li, Yang Wu, et al · 2024
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Multimodal latent language modeling with next-token diffusion
Yutao Sun, Hangbo Bao, Wenhui Wang, Zhiliang Peng, Li Dong, Shaohan Huang, Jianyong Wang, and Furu Wei · 2024
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Are we on the right way for evaluating large vision-language models?
Lin Chen, Jinsong Li, Xiaoyi Dong, Pan Zhang, Yuhang Zang, Zehui Chen, Haodong Duan, Jiaqi Wang, Yu Qiao, Dahua Lin, et al · 2024
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Spectral filters, dark signals, and attention sinks
Nicola Cancedda · 2024
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alphaXiv searches the wider corpus for related work and actual follow-ups.
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Mm-bigbench: Evaluating multimodal models on multimodal content comprehension tasks
Xiaocui Yang, Wenfang Wu, Shi Feng, Ming Wang, Daling Wang, Yang Li, Qi Sun, Yifei Zhang, Xiaoming Fu, and Soujanya Poria · 2023
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Pandagpt: One model to instruction-follow them all
Yixuan Su, Tian Lan, Huayang Li, Jialu Xu, Yan Wang, and Deng Cai · 2023
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Minigpt-v2: large language model as a unified interface for vision-language multi-task learning
Jun Chen, Deyao Zhu, Xiaoqian Shen, Xiang Li, Zechu Liu, Pengchuan Zhang, Raghuraman Krishnamoorthi, Vikas Chandra, Yunyang Xiong, and Mohamed Elhoseiny · 2023
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Stabilizing transformer training by preventing attention entropy collapse
Shuangfei Zhai, Tatiana Likhomanenko, Etai Littwin, Dan Busbridge, Jason Ramapuram, Yizhe Zhang, Jiatao Gu, and Joshua M Susskind · 2023
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Mmmu: A massive multi-discipline multimodal understanding and reasoning benchmark for expert agi
Xiang Yue, Yuansheng Ni, Kai Zhang, Tianyu Zheng, Ruoqi Liu, Ge Zhang, Samuel Stevens, Dongfu Jiang, Weiming Ren, Yuxuan Sun, Cong Wei, Botao Yu, Ruibin Yuan, Renliang Sun, Ming Yin, Boyuan Zheng, Zhenzhu Yang, Yibo Liu, Wenhao Huang, Huan Sun, Yu Su, and Wenhu Chen · 2024
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Graph of thoughts: Solving elaborate problems with large language models
Maciej Besta, Nils Blach, Ales Kubicek, Robert Gerstenberger, Michal Podstawski, Lukas Gianinazzi, Joanna Gajda, Tomasz Lehmann, Hubert Niewiadomski, Piotr Nyczyk, et al · 2024
Cited alongside, same era.
Training large language models to reason in a continuous latent space
Shibo Hao, Sainbayar Sukhbaatar, DiJia Su, Xian Li, Zhiting Hu, Jason Weston, and Yuandong Tian · 2024
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Tan-Hanh Pham and Chris Ngo · 2025
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Vlm-r1: A stable and generalizable r1-style large vision-language model
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Corvid: Improving multimodal large language models towards chain-of-thought reasoning
Jingjing Jiang, Chao Ma, Xurui Song, Hanwang Zhang, and Jun Luo · 2025
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Grounded chain-of-thought for multimodal large language models
Qiong Wu, Xiangcong Yang, Yiyi Zhou, Chenxin Fang, Baiyang Song, Xiaoshuai Sun, and Rongrong Ji · 2025
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See what you are told: Visual attention sink in large multimodal models
Seil Kang, Jinyeong Kim, Junhyeok Kim, and Seong Jae Hwang · 2025
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Can vlms actually see and read? a survey on modality collapse in vision-language models
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