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Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have achieved remarkable success, yet they often suffer from producing unnecessary and verbose reasoning chains.
Trl: Transformer reinforcement learning
Leandro von Werra, Younes Belkada, Lewis Tunstall, Edward Beeching, Tristan Thrush, Nathan Lambert, Shengyi Huang, Kashif Rasul, and Quentin Gallouédec · 2020
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Training verifiers to solve math word problems
Karl Cobbe, Vineet Kosaraju, Mohammad Bavarian, Mark Chen, Heewoo Jun, Lukasz Kaiser, Matthias Plappert, Jerry Tworek, Jacob Hilton, Reiichiro Nakano, Christopher Hesse, and John Schulman · 2021
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Chain-of-thought prompting elicits reasoning in large language models, 2023
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Rafael Rafailov, Archit Sharma, Eric Mitchell, Christopher D Manning, Stefano Ermon, and Chelsea Finn · 2023
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Let’s verify step by step
Hunter Lightman, Vineet Kosaraju, Yuri Burda, Harrison Edwards, Bowen Baker, Teddy Lee, Jan Leike, John Schulman, Ilya Sutskever, and Karl Cobbe · 2023
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Cruxeval: A benchmark for code reasoning, understanding and execution
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Do not think that much for 2+ 3=? on the overthinking of o1-like llms
Xingyu Chen, Jiahao Xu, Tian Liang, Zhiwei He, Jianhui Pang, Dian Yu, Linfeng Song, Qiuzhi Liu, Mengfei Zhou, Zhuosheng Zhang, et al · 2024
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Deepseekmath: Pushing the limits of mathematical reasoning in open language models, 2024
Zhihong Shao, Peiyi Wang, Qihao Zhu, Runxin Xu, Junxiao Song, Xiao Bi, Haowei Zhang, Mingchuan Zhang, Y. K. Li, Y. Wu, and Daya Guo · 2024
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Token-budget-aware llm reasoning
Tingxu Han, Zhenting Wang, Chunrong Fang, Shiyu Zhao, Shiqing Ma, and Zhenyu Chen · 2024
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Qwen Team · 2024
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Distilling system 2 into system 1, 2024
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Livecodebench: Holistic and contamination free evaluation of large language models for code
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Deepseek-r1: Incentivizing reasoning capability in llms via reinforcement learning, 2025
DeepSeek-AI, Daya Guo, Dejian Yang, Haowei Zhang, Junxiao Song, Ruoyu Zhang, Runxin Xu, Qihao Zhu, Shirong Ma, Peiyi Wang, Xiao Bi, Xiaokang Zhang, Xingkai Yu, Yu Wu, Z. F. Wu, Zhibin Gou, Zhihong Shao, Zhuoshu Li, Ziyi Gao …, and Zhen Zhang · 2025
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Understanding r1-zero-like training: A critical perspective, 2025
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Towards reasoning era: A survey of long chain-of-thought for reasoning large language models, 2025
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The danger of overthinking: Examining the reasoning-action dilemma in agentic tasks
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Dast: Difficulty-adaptive slow-thinking for large reasoning models, 2025
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The 23rd international conference on artificial intelligence in medicine (aime 2025)
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American mathematics competitions (amc)
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