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Despite significant advances in Large Language Models (LLMs), planning tasks still present challenges for LLM-based agents.
Language models are few-shot learners
Tom Brown, Benjamin Mann, Nick Ryder, Melanie Subbiah, Jared D Kaplan, Prafulla Dhariwal, Arvind Neelakantan, Pranav Shyam, Girish Sastry, Amanda Askell, and 1 others. 2020 · 1901
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Robot planning in the real world: Research challenges and opportunities
Ron Alterovitz, Sven Koenig, and Maxim Likhachev. 2016 · 2016
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Wenhu Chen, Xueguang Ma, Xinyi Wang, and William W Cohen. 2022 · 2022
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A survey on in-context learning
Qingxiu Dong, Lei Li, Damai Dai, Ce Zheng, Jingyuan Ma, Rui Li, Heming Xia, Jingjing Xu, Zhiyong Wu, Tianyu Liu, and 1 others. 2022 · 2022
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Chain-of-thought prompting elicits reasoning in large language models
Jason Wei, Xuezhi Wang, Dale Schuurmans, Maarten Bosma, Fei Xia, Ed Chi, Quoc V Le, Denny Zhou, and 1 others. 2022 · 2022
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Least-to-most prompting enables complex reasoning in large language models
Denny Zhou, Nathanael Schärli, Le Hou, Jason Wei, Nathan Scales, Xuezhi Wang, Dale Schuurmans, Claire Cui, Olivier Bousquet, Quoc Le, and 1 others. 2022 · 2022
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Josh Achiam, Steven Adler, Sandhini Agarwal, Lama Ahmad, Ilge Akkaya, Florencia Leoni Aleman, Diogo Almeida, Janko Altenschmidt, Sam Altman, Shyamal Anadkat, and 1 others. 2023 · 2023
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Sparks of artificial general intelligence: Early experiments with gpt-4. arxiv 2023
Sébastien Bubeck, Varun Chandrasekaran, Ronen Eldan, Johannes Gehrke, Eric Horvitz, Ece Kamar, Peter Lee, Yin Tat Lee, Yuanzhi Li, Scott Lundberg, and 1 others. 2024 · 2023
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What indeed can gpt models do in chemistry? a comprehensive benchmark on eight tasks
Taicheng Guo, Kehan Guo, Zhengwen Liang, Zhichun Guo, Nitesh V Chawla, Olaf Wiest, Xiangliang Zhang, and 1 others. 2023 · 2023
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Metagpt: Meta programming for multi-agent collaborative framework
Sirui Hong, Xiawu Zheng, Jonathan Chen, Yuheng Cheng, Jinlin Wang, Ceyao Zhang, Zili Wang, Steven Ka Shing Yau, Zijuan Lin, Liyang Zhou, and 1 others. 2023 · 2023
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Chameleon: Plug-and-play compositional reasoning with large language models
Pan Lu, Baolin Peng, Hao Cheng, Michel Galley, Kai-Wei Chang, Ying Nian Wu, Song-Chun Zhu, and Jianfeng Gao. 2023 · 2023
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Self-refine: Iterative refinement with self-feedback
Aman Madaan, Niket Tandon, Prakhar Gupta, Skyler Hallinan, Luyu Gao, Sarah Wiegreffe, Uri Alon, Nouha Dziri, Shrimai Prabhumoye, Yiming Yang, and 1 others. 2023 · 2023
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Generative agents: Interactive simulacra of human behavior
Joon Sung Park, Joseph O’Brien, Carrie Jun Cai, Meredith Ringel Morris, Percy Liang, and Michael S Bernstein. 2023 · 2023
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Toolformer: Language models can teach themselves to use tools
Timo Schick, Jane Dwivedi-Yu, Roberto Dessì, Roberta Raileanu, Maria Lomeli, Eric Hambro, Luke Zettlemoyer, Nicola Cancedda, and Thomas Scialom. 2023 · 2023
Language agents with reinforcement learning for strategic play in the werewolf game
Zelai Xu, Chao Yu, Fei Fang, Yu Wang, and Yi Wu. 2023 · 2023
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Graph of thoughts: Solving elaborate problems with large language models
Maciej Besta, Nils Blach, Ales Kubicek, Robert Gerstenberger, Michal Podstawski, Lukas Gianinazzi, Joanna Gajda, Tomasz Lehmann, Hubert Niewiadomski, Piotr Nyczyk, and 1 others. 2024 · 2024
Later among the works it cites.
Understanding the planning of llm agents: A survey
Xu Huang, Weiwen Liu, Xiaolong Chen, Xingmei Wang, Hao Wang, Defu Lian, Yasheng Wang, Ruiming Tang, and Enhong Chen. 2024 · 2024
Later among the works it cites.
Position: LLMs can’t plan, but can help planning in LLM-modulo frameworks
Subbarao Kambhampati, Karthik Valmeekam, Lin Guan, Mudit Verma, Kaya Stechly, Siddhant Bhambri, Lucas Paul Saldyt, and Anil B Murthy. 2024 · 2024
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Chinatravel: A real-world benchmark for language agents in chinese travel planning
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Hugginggpt: Solving ai tasks with chatgpt and its friends in hugging face
Yongliang Shen, Kaitao Song, Xu Tan, Dongsheng Li, Weiming Lu, and Yueting Zhuang. 2023 · 2023
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Reflexion: Language agents with verbal reinforcement learning
Noah Shinn, Federico Cassano, Ashwin Gopinath, Karthik Narasimhan, and Shunyu Yao. 2023 · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
Llama 2: Open foundation and fine-tuned chat models
Hugo Touvron, Louis Martin, Kevin Stone, Peter Albert, Amjad Almahairi, Yasmine Babaei, Nikolay Bashlykov, Soumya Batra, Prajjwal Bhargava, Shruti Bhosale, and 1 others. 2023 · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
Plan-and-solve prompting: Improving zero-shot chain-of-thought reasoning by large language models
Lei Wang, Wanyu Xu, Yihuai Lan, Zhiqiang Hu, Yunshi Lan, Roy Ka-Wei Lee, and Ee-Peng Lim. 2023 · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
Robust planning with llm-modulo framework: Case study in travel planning
Atharva Gundawar, Mudit Verma, Lin Guan, Karthik Valmeekam, Siddhant Bhambri, and Subbarao Kambhampati. 2024a
Cited in the paper.
Robust planning with llm-modulo framework: Case study in travel planning
Atharva Gundawar, Mudit Verma, Lin Guan, Karthik Valmeekam, Siddhant Bhambri, and Subbarao Kambhampati. 2024b
Cited in the paper.
Tree of thoughts: Deliberate problem solving with large language models
Shunyu Yao, Dian Yu, Jeffrey Zhao, Izhak Shafran, Tom Griffiths, Yuan Cao, and Karthik Narasimhan. 2023a
Cited in the paper.
Jie-Jing Shao, Xiao-Wen Yang, Bo-Wen Zhang, Baizhi Chen, Wen-Da Wei, Guohao Cai, Zhenhua Dong, Lan-Zhe Guo, and Yu-feng Li. 2024 · 2024
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Travelplanner: A benchmark for real-world planning with language agents
Jian Xie, Kai Zhang, Jiangjie Chen, Tinghui Zhu, Renze Lou, Yuandong Tian, Yanghua Xiao, and Yu Su. 2024 · 2024
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The rise and potential of large language model based agents: A survey
Zhiheng Xi, Wenxiang Chen, Xin Guo, Wei He, Yiwen Ding, Boyang Hong, Ming Zhang, Junzhe Wang, Senjie Jin, Enyu Zhou, and 1 others. 2025 · 2025
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