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Recent advancements in multimodal reasoning have largely overlooked the audio modality.
Air-bench: Benchmarking large audio-language models via generative comprehension
Qian Yang, Jin Xu, Wenrui Liu, Yunfei Chu, Ziyue Jiang, Xiaohuan Zhou, Yichong Leng, Yuanjun Lv, Zhou Zhao, Chang Zhou, et al · 1998
Earlier work this paper cites.
Bleu: a method for automatic evaluation of machine translation
Kishore Papineni, Salim Roukos, Todd Ward, and Wei-Jing Zhu · 2002
Earlier work this paper cites.
A survey of monte carlo tree search methods
Cameron B Browne, Edward Powley, Daniel Whitehouse, Simon M Lucas, Peter I Cowling, Philipp Rohlfshagen, Stephen Tavener, Diego Perez, Spyridon Samothrakis, and Simon Colton · 2012
Earlier work this paper cites.
Librispeech: an asr corpus based on public domain audio books
Vassil Panayotov, Guoguo Chen, Daniel Povey, and Sanjeev Khudanpur · 2015
Earlier work this paper cites.
Audio set: An ontology and human-labeled dataset for audio events
Jort F Gemmeke, Daniel PW Ellis, Dylan Freedman, Aren Jansen, Wade Lawrence, R Channing Moore, Manoj Plakal, and Marvin Ritter · 2017
Earlier work this paper cites.
Towards multimodal sarcasm detection
Santiago Castro, Devamanyu Hazarika, Verónica Pérez-Rosas, Roger Zimmermann, Rada Mihalcea, and Soujanya Poria · 2019
Earlier work this paper cites.
Audiocaps: Generating captions for audios in the wild
Chris Dongjoo Kim, Byeongchang Kim, Hyunmin Lee, and Gunhee Kim · 2019
Earlier work this paper cites.
Meld: A multimodal multi-party dataset for emotion recognition in conversations
Soujanya Poria, Devamanyu Hazarika, Navonil Majumder, Gautam Naik, Erik Cambria, and Rada Mihalcea · 2019
Earlier work this paper cites.
Mulberry: A review of bioactive compounds and advanced processing technology
Peng Wen, Teng-Gen Hu, Robert J Linhardt, Sen-Tai Liao, Hong Wu, and Yu-Xiao Zou · 2019
Earlier work this paper cites.
Clotho: An audio captioning dataset
Konstantinos Drossos, Samuel Lipping, and Tuomas Virtanen · 2020
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Implementation matters in deep policy gradients: A case study on ppo and trpo
Logan Engstrom, Andrew Ilyas, Shibani Santurkar, Dimitris Tsipras, Firdaus Janoos, Larry Rudolph, and Aleksander Madry · 2020
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Covost 2 and massively multilingual speech translation
Changhan Wang, Anne Wu, Jiatao Gu, and Juan Pino · 2021
Earlier work this paper cites.
Chain-of-thought prompting elicits reasoning in large language models
Jason Wei, Xuezhi Wang, Dale Schuurmans, Maarten Bosma, Fei Xia, Ed Chi, Quoc V Le, Denny Zhou, et al · 2022
Earlier work this paper cites.
Automatic chain of thought prompting in large language models
Zhuosheng Zhang, Aston Zhang, Mu Li, and Alex Smola · 2022
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Josh Achiam, Steven Adler, Sandhini Agarwal, Lama Ahmad, Ilge Akkaya, Florencia Leoni Aleman, Diogo Almeida, Janko Altenschmidt, Sam Altman, Shyamal Anadkat, et al · 2023
Earlier work this paper cites.
Qwen-audio: Advancing universal audio understanding via unified large-scale audio-language models
Yunfei Chu, Jin Xu, Xiaohuan Zhou, Qian Yang, Shiliang Zhang, Zhijie Yan, Chang Zhou, and Jingren Zhou · 2023
Earlier work this paper cites.
Toolllm: Facilitating large language models to master 16000+ real-world apis
Yujia Qin, Shihao Liang, Yining Ye, Kunlun Zhu, Lan Yan, Yaxi Lu, Yankai Lin, Xin Cong, Xiangru Tang, Bill Qian, et al · 2023
Earlier work this paper cites.
Robust speech recognition via large-scale weak supervision
Alec Radford, Jong Wook Kim, Tao Xu, Greg Brockman, Christine McLeavey, and Ilya Sutskever · 2023
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Direct preference optimization: Your language model is secretly a reward model
Rafael Rafailov, Archit Sharma, Eric Mitchell, Christopher D Manning, Stefano Ermon, and Chelsea Finn · 2023
Earlier work this paper cites.
Pandagpt: One model to instruction-follow them all
Yixuan Su, Tian Lan, Huayang Li, Jialu Xu, Yan Wang, and Deng Cai · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
Salmonn: Towards generic hearing abilities for large language models
Changli Tang, Wenyi Yu, Guangzhi Sun, Xianzhao Chen, Tian Tan, Wei Li, Lu Lu, Zejun Ma, and Chao Zhang · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
Language models don’t always say what they think: Unfaithful explanations in chain-of-thought prompting
Miles Turpin, Julian Michael, Ethan Perez, and Samuel Bowman · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
Blsp: Bootstrapping language-speech pre-training via behavior alignment of continuation writing
Chen Wang, Minpeng Liao, Zhongqiang Huang, Jinliang Lu, Junhong Wu, Yuchen Liu, Chengqing Zong, and Jiajun Zhang · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
Tree of thoughts: Deliberate problem solving with large language models
Shunyu Yao, Dian Yu, Jeffrey Zhao, Izhak Shafran, Tom Griffiths, Yuan Cao, and Karthik Narasimhan · 2023
Audio flamingo: A novel audio language model with few-shot learning and dialogue abilities
Zhifeng Kong, Arushi Goel, Rohan Badlani, Wei Ping, Rafael Valle, and Bryan Catanzaro · 2024
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Emobox: Multilingual multi-corpus speech emotion recognition toolkit and benchmark
Ziyang Ma, Mingjie Chen, Hezhao Zhang, Zhisheng Zheng, Wenxi Chen, Xiquan Li, Jiaxin Ye, Xie Chen, and Thomas Hain · 2024
Later among the works it cites.
Mustango: Toward controllable text-to-music generation
Jan Melechovsky, Zixun Guo, Deepanway Ghosal, Navonil Majumder, Dorien Herremans, and Soujanya Poria · 2024
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Mmau: A massive multi-task audio understanding and reasoning benchmark
S Sakshi, Utkarsh Tyagi, Sonal Kumar, Ashish Seth, Ramaneswaran Selvakumar, Oriol Nieto, Ramani Duraiswami, Sreyan Ghosh, and Dinesh Manocha · 2024
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To cot or not to cot? chain-of-thought helps mainly on math and symbolic reasoning
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Cited alongside, same era.
Generalizable chain-of-thought prompting in mixed-task scenarios with large language models
Anni Zou, Zhuosheng Zhang, Hai Zhao, and Xiangru Tang · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
Yunfei Chu, Jin Xu, Qian Yang, Haojie Wei, Xipin Wei, Zhifang Guo, Yichong Leng, Yuanjun Lv, Jinzheng He, Junyang Lin, et al · 2024
Cited alongside, same era.
A theoretical understanding of chain-of-thought: Coherent reasoning and error-aware demonstration
Yingqian Cui, Pengfei He, Xianfeng Tang, Qi He, Chen Luo, Jiliang Tang, and Yue Xing · 2024
Cited alongside, same era.
Moshi: a speech-text foundation model for real-time dialogue
Alexandre Défossez, Laurent Mazaré, Manu Orsini, Amélie Royer, Patrick Pérez, Hervé Jégou, Edouard Grave, and Neil Zeghidour · 2024
Cited alongside, same era.
From explicit cot to implicit cot: Learning to internalize cot step by step
Yuntian Deng, Yejin Choi, and Stuart Shieber · 2024
Cited alongside, same era.
Cosyvoice 2: Scalable streaming speech synthesis with large language models
Zhihao Du, Yuxuan Wang, Qian Chen, Xian Shi, Xiang Lv, Tianyu Zhao, Zhifu Gao, Yexin Yang, Changfeng Gao, Hui Wang, et al · 2024
Cited alongside, same era.
Video-of-thought: step-by-step video reasoning from perception to cognition
Hao Fei, Shengqiong Wu, Wei Ji, Hanwang Zhang, Meishan Zhang, Mong Li Lee, and Wynne Hsu · 2024
Cited alongside, same era.
Zayne Sprague, Fangcong Yin, Juan Diego Rodriguez, Dongwei Jiang, Manya Wadhwa, Prasann Singhal, Xinyu Zhao, Xi Ye, Kyle Mahowald, and Greg Durrett · 2024
Later among the works it cites.
Chain of thoughtlessness? an analysis of cot in planning
Kaya Stechly, Karthik Valmeekam, and Subbarao Kambhampati · 2024
Later among the works it cites.
Yunlong Tang, Gen Zhan, Li Yang, Yiting Liao, and Chenliang Xu · 2024
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Gemini 1.5: Unlocking multimodal understanding across millions of tokens of context
Gemini Team, Petko Georgiev, Ving Ian Lei, Ryan Burnell, Libin Bai, Anmol Gulati, Garrett Tanzer, Damien Vincent, Zhufeng Pan, Shibo Wang, et al · 2024
Later among the works it cites.
Videocot: A video chain-of-thought dataset with active annotation tool
Yan Wang, Yawen Zeng, Jingsheng Zheng, Xiaofen Xing, Jin Xu, and Xiangmin Xu · 2024
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Next-gpt: Any-to-any multimodal llm
Shengqiong Wu, Hao Fei, Leigang Qu, Wei Ji, and Tat-Seng Chua · 2024
Later among the works it cites.
Llava-o1: Let vision language models reason step-by-step
Guowei Xu, Peng Jin, Li Hao, Yibing Song, Lichao Sun, and Li Yuan · 2024
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Token-level direct preference optimization
Yongcheng Zeng, Guoqing Liu, Weiyu Ma, Ning Yang, Haifeng Zhang, and Jun Wang · 2024
Later among the works it cites.
Image-of-thought prompting for visual reasoning refinement in multimodal large language models
Qiji Zhou, Ruochen Zhou, Zike Hu, Panzhong Lu, Siyang Gao, and Yue Zhang · 2024
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Vita-1.5: Towards gpt-4o level real-time vision and speech interaction
Chaoyou Fu, Haojia Lin, Xiong Wang, Yi-Fan Zhang, Yunhang Shen, Xiaoyu Liu, Yangze Li, Zuwei Long, Heting Gao, Ke Li, et al · 2025
Closest in time.
Deepseek-r1: Incentivizing reasoning capability in llms via reinforcement learning
Daya Guo, Dejian Yang, Haowei Zhang, Junxiao Song, Ruoyu Zhang, Runxin Xu, Qihao Zhu, Shirong Ma, Peiyi Wang, Xiao Bi, et al · 2025
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Audio-cot: Exploring chain-of-thought reasoning in large audio language model
Ziyang Ma, Zhuo Chen, Yuping Wang, Eng Siong Chng, and Xie Chen · 2025
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Niklas Muennighoff, Zitong Yang, Weijia Shi, Xiang Lisa Li, Li Fei-Fei, Hannaneh Hajishirzi, Luke Zettlemoyer, Percy Liang, Emmanuel Candès, and Tatsunori Hashimoto · 2025
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Kimi k1. 5: Scaling reinforcement learning with llms
Kimi Team, Angang Du, Bofei Gao, Bowei Xing, Changjiu Jiang, Cheng Chen, Cheng Li, Chenjun Xiao, Chenzhuang Du, Chonghua Liao, et al · 2025
Closest in time.