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While LLMs have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in text generation and reasoning, their ability to simulate human decision-making -- particularly in political contexts -- remains an open question.
Is polarization a myth?
Alan I. Abramowitz and Kyle L. Saunders. 2008 · 2008
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A new partisan voter
Joseph Bafumi and Robert Y. Shapiro. 2009 · 2009
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The Partisan Sort: How Liberals Became Democrats and Conservatives Became Republicans
Matthew S. Levendusky. 2009 · 2009
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The nature of political ideology in the contemporary electorate
Shawn Treier and D Sunshine Hillygus. 2009 · 2009
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Accuracy of vote expectation surveys in forecasting elections
Andreas Graefe. 2014 · 2014
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Political polarization in the american public
Pew Research Center. 2014 · 2014
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Forecasting US presidential elections
Thomas M Holbrook. 2016 · 2016
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Anes 2016 time series study full release
American National Election Studies. 2019 · 2019
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Copod: copula-based outlier detection
Zheng Li, Yue Zhao, Nicola Botta, Cezar Ionescu, and Xiyang Hu. 2020a · 2020
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Sync: A copula based framework for generating synthetic data from aggregated sources
Zheng Li, Yue Zhao, and Jialin Fu. 2020b · 2020
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Evaluating commonsense in pre-trained language models
Xuhui Zhou, Yue Zhang, Leyang Cui, and Dandan Huang. 2020 · 2020
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On the opportunities and risks of foundation models
Rishi Bommasani et al. 2021 · 2021
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A review on language models as knowledge bases
Badr AlKhamissi, Millicent Li, Asli Celikyilmaz, Mona Diab, and Marjan Ghazvininejad. 2022 · 2022
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Deep neural networks and tabular data: A survey
Vadim Borisov, Thomas Leemann, Katharina Seßler, Jonas Haug, Martin Pawelczyk, and Gjergji Kasneci. 2022 · 2022
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Lexglue: A benchmark dataset for legal language understanding in english
Ilias Chalkidis et al. 2022 · 2022
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Forecasting elections with agent-based modeling: Two live experiments
Ming Gao, Zhongyuan Wang, Kai Wang, Chenhui Liu, and Shiping Tang. 2022 · 2022
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Theme transformer: Symbolic music generation with theme-conditioned transformer
Yi-Jen Shih, Shih-Lun Wu, Frank Zalkow, Meinard Müller, and Yi-Hsuan Yang. 2022 · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Anes 2020 time series study full release
American National Election Studies. 2022 · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Chain-of-thought prompting elicits reasoning in large language models
Jason Wei, Xuezhi Wang, Dale Schuurmans, Maarten Bosma, Fei Xia, Ed Chi, Quoc V Le, Denny Zhou, et al. 2022 · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Using large language models to simulate multiple humans and replicate human subject studies
Gati V Aher, Rosa I Arriaga, and Adam Tauman Kalai. 2023 · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
Out of one, many: Using language models to simulate human samples
Lisa P. Argyle, Ethan C. Busby, Nancy Fulda, Joshua R. Gubler, Christopher Rytting, and David Wingate. 2023 · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
Behind biden’s 2020 victory
Exploring the jungle of bias: Political bias attribution in language models via dependency analysis
David F. Jenny, Yann Billeter, Mrinmaya Sachan, Bernhard Schölkopf, and Zhijing Jin. 2024 · 2024
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Shapeng Jiang, Lijia Wei, and Chen Zhang. 2024 · 2024
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Political-llm: Large language models in political science
Lincan Li, Jiaqi Li, Catherine Chen, Fred Gui, Hongjia Yang, Chenxiao Yu, Zhengguang Wang, Jianing Cai, Junlong Aaron Zhou, Bolin Shen, Alex Qian, Weixin Chen, Zhongkai Xue, Lichao Sun, Lifang He, Hanjie Chen, Kaize Ding, Zijian Du, Fangzhou Mu, Jiaxin Pei, Jieyu Zhao, Swabha Swayamdipta, Willie Neiswanger, Hua Wei, Xiyang Hu, Shixiang Zhu, Tianlong Chen, Yingzhou Lu, Yang Shi, Lianhui Qin, Tianfan Fu, Zhengzhong Tu, Yuzhe Yang, Jaemin Yoo, Jiaheng Zhang, Ryan Rossi, Liang Zhan, Liang Zhao, Emilio Ferrara, Yan Liu, Furong Huang, Xiangliang Zhang, Lawrence Rothenberg, Shuiwang Ji, Philip S. Yu, Yue Zhao, and Yushun Dong. 2024 · 2024
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Drugagent: Automating ai-aided drug discovery programming through llm multi-agent collaboration
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Pew Research Center. 2021 · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
Artificial intelligence generated synthetic datasets as the remedy for data scarcity in water quality index estimation
Min Yan Chia, Chai Hoon Koo, Yuk Feng Huang, Wei Di Chan, and Jia Yin Pang. 2023 · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
From pretraining data to language models to downstream tasks: Tracking the trails of political biases leading to unfair nlp models
Shangbin Feng, Chan Young Park, Yuhan Liu, and Yulia Tsvetkov. 2023 · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
Behaviour-aware tourist profiles data generation
Pavel Merinov, David Massimo, and Francesco Ricci. 2023 · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
Creating predictive social impact models of engineered products using synthetic populations
Phillip D Stevenson, Christopher A Mattson, Eric C Dahlin, and John L Salmon. 2023 · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
Large language models can be used to estimate the latent positions of politicians
Patrick Y Wu, Jonathan Nagler, Joshua A Tucker, and Solomon Messing. 2023 · 2023
Cited alongside, same era.
Zachary R Baker and Zarif L Azher. 2024 · 2024
Cited alongside, same era.
Sizhe Liu, Yizhou Lu, Siyu Chen, Xiyang Hu, Jieyu Zhao, Tianfan Fu, and Yue Zhao. 2024 · 2024
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2024 presidential election results
NBC News. 2024 · 2024
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Generative agent simulations of 1,000 people
Joon Sung Park, Carolyn Q. Zou, Aaron Shaw, Benjamin Mako Hill, Carrie Cai, Meredith Ringel Morris, Robb Willer, Percy Liang, and Michael S. Bernstein. 2024 · 2024
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Llm economicus? mapping the behavioral biases of llms via utility theory
Jillian Ross, Yoon Kim, and Andrew W Lo. 2024 · 2024
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Creating high-quality synthetic health data: Framework for model development and validation
Elham Karimi Sichani, Alexandra Smith, Khaled El Emam, and Anna Goldenberg. 2024 · 2024
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Systematic biases in llm simulations of debates
Amir Taubenfeld, Yaniv Dover, Roi Reichart, and Ariel Goldstein. 2024 · 2024
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Generalization v.s. memorization: Tracing language models’ capabilities back to pretraining data
Xinyi Wang, Antonis Antoniades, Yanai Elazar, Alfonso Amayuelas, Alon Albalak, Kexun Zhang, and William Yang Wang. 2024 · 2024
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Can large language model agents simulate human trust behaviors?
Chengxing Xie, Canyu Chen, Feiran Jia, Ziyu Ye, Kai Shu, Adel Bibi, Ziniu Hu, Philip Torr, Bernard Ghanem, and Guohao Li. 2024 · 2024
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AdaRefiner: Refining decisions of language models with adaptive feedback
Wanpeng Zhang and Zongqing Lu. 2024 · 2024
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Xuhui Zhou, Zhe Su, Tiwalayo Eisape, Hyunwoo Kim, and Maarten Sap. 2024 · 2024
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Political neutrality in ai is impossible-but here is how to approximate it
Jillian Fisher, Ruth E Appel, Chan Young Park, Yujin Potter, Liwei Jiang, Taylor Sorensen, Shangbin Feng, Yulia Tsvetkov, Margaret E Roberts, Jennifer Pan, et al. 2025 · 2025
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How “us”’ and “them”’ relates to voting behavior—social structure, social identities, and electoral choice
Simon Bornschier, Silja Häusermann, Delia Zollinger, and Céline Colombo. 2021 · 2087
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