Cosmology in modified $f(\mathcal{G})$ gravity: a late time cosmic phenomena

Understand

In this work, we present a method for numerically solving the Friedmann equations of modified $f(\mathcal{G})$ gravity in the presence of pressureless matter.

• This method enables us to predict the redshift behaviour of the Hubble expansion rate.
• To evaluate the credibility of the model, we applied a Bayesian MCMC technique using late-time cosmic observations to impose limitations on the free parameters of the Gauss-Bonnet model.
• Our results suggest that the $f(\mathcal{G})$ model can reproduce the low-redshift behaviour of the standard Lambda cold dark matter ($\Lambda$CDM) model, but there are significant differences at high redshifts, leading to the absence of a standard matter-dominated epoch.