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The transformer architecture has prevailed in various deep learning settings due to its exceptional capabilities to select and compose structural information.
Decoding by linear programming, 2005
Emmanuel Candes and Terence Tao · 2005
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On the computational power of transformers and its implications in sequence modeling
Satwik Bhattamishra, Arkil Patel, and Navin Goyal · 2006
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On the ability and limitations of transformers to recognize formal languages
Satwik Bhattamishra, Kabir Ahuja, and Navin Goyal · 2009
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Attention is all you need
Ashish Vaswani, Noam Shazeer, Niki Parmar, Jakob Uszkoreit, Llion Jones, Aidan N Gomez, Łukasz Kaiser, and Illia Polosukhin · 2017
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Mostafa Dehghani, Stephan Gouws, Oriol Vinyals, Jakob Uszkoreit, and Łukasz Kaiser · 2018
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Location attention for extrapolation to longer sequences
Yann Dubois, Gautier Dagan, Dieuwke Hupkes, and Elia Bruni · 2019
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Pytorch: An imperative style, high-performance deep learning library, 2019
Adam Paszke, Sam Gross, Francisco Massa, Adam Lerer, James Bradbury, Gregory Chanan, Trevor Killeen, Zeming Lin, Natalia Gimelshein, Luca Antiga, Alban Desmaison, Andreas Köpf, Edward Yang, Zach DeVito, Martin Raison, Alykhan Tejani, Sasank Chilamkurthy, Benoit Steiner, Lu Fang, Junjie Bai, and Soumith Chintala · 2019
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On the turing completeness of modern neural network architectures
Jorge Pérez, Javier Marinković, and Pablo Barceló · 2019
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Transformer dissection: a unified understanding of transformer’s attention via the lens of kernel
Yao-Hung Hubert Tsai, Shaojie Bai, Makoto Yamada, Louis-Philippe Morency, and Ruslan Salakhutdinov · 2019
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Are transformers universal approximators of sequence-to-sequence functions?
Chulhee Yun, Srinadh Bhojanapalli, Ankit Singh Rawat, Sashank J Reddi, and Sanjiv Kumar · 2019
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Language models are few-shot learners
Tom Brown, Benjamin Mann, Nick Ryder, Melanie Subbiah, Jared D Kaplan, Prafulla Dhariwal, Arvind Neelakantan, Pranav Shyam, Girish Sastry, Amanda Askell, et al · 2020
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An image is worth 16x16 words: Transformers for image recognition at scale
Alexey Dosovitskiy, Lucas Beyer, Alexander Kolesnikov, Dirk Weissenborn, Xiaohua Zhai, Thomas Unterthiner, Mostafa Dehghani, Matthias Minderer, Georg Heigold, Sylvain Gelly, et al · 2020
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Theoretical limitations of self-attention in neural sequence models
Michael Hahn · 2020
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Compositionality decomposed: How do neural networks generalise?
Dieuwke Hupkes, Verna Dankers, Mathijs Mul, and Elia Bruni · 2020
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The eos decision and length extrapolation
Benjamin Newman, John Hewitt, Percy Liang, and Christopher D Manning · 2020
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Exploring the limits of transfer learning with a unified text-to-text transformer
Colin Raffel, Noam Shazeer, Adam Roberts, Katherine Lee, Sharan Narang, Michael Matena, Yanqi Zhou, Wei Li, and Peter J Liu · 2020
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A benchmark for systematic generalization in grounded language understanding
Laura Ruis, Jacob Andreas, Marco Baroni, Diane Bouchacourt, and Brenden M Lake · 2020
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Gradient descent on neural networks typically occurs at the edge of stability
Jeremy M Cohen, Simran Kaur, Yuanzhi Li, J Zico Kolter, and Ameet Talwalkar · 2021
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A mathematical framework for transformer circuits
Nelson Elhage, Neel Nanda, Catherine Olsson, Tom Henighan, Nicholas Joseph, Ben Mann, Amanda Askell, Yuntao Bai, Anna Chen, Tom Conerly, et al · 2021
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Highly accurate protein structure prediction with alphafold
John M. Jumper, Richard Evans, Alexander Pritzel, Tim Green, Michael Figurnov, Olaf Ronneberger, Kathryn Tunyasuvunakool, Russ Bates, Augustin Zídek, Anna Potapenko, Alex Bridgland, Clemens Meyer, Simon A A Kohl, Andy Ballard, Andrew Cowie, Bernardino Romera-Paredes, Stanislav Nikolov, Rishub Jain, Jonas Adler, Trevor Back, Stig Petersen, David A. Reiman, Ellen Clancy, Michal Zielinski, Martin Steinegger, Michalina Pacholska, Tamas Berghammer, Sebastian Bodenstein, David Silver, Oriol Vinyals, Andrew W. Senior, Koray Kavukcuoglu, Pushmeet Kohli, and Demis Hassabis · 2021
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On the expressive power of self-attention matrices
Valerii Likhosherstov, Krzysztof Choromanski, and Adrian Weller · 2021
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Show your work: Scratchpads for intermediate computation with language models
Maxwell Nye, Anders Johan Andreassen, Guy Gur-Ari, Henryk Michalewski, Jacob Austin, David Bieber, David Dohan, Aitor Lewkowycz, Maarten Bosma, David Luan, et al · 2021
Cited alongside, same era.
Train short, test long: Attention with linear biases enables input length extrapolation
Ofir Press, Noah A Smith, and Mike Lewis · 2021
Cited alongside, same era.
Roformer: Enhanced transformer with rotary position embedding
Jianlin Su, Yu Lu, Shengfeng Pan, Bo Wen, and Yunfeng Liu · 2021
Cited alongside, same era.
Self-attention networks can process bounded hierarchical languages
Shunyu Yao, Binghui Peng, Christos Papadimitriou, and Karthik Narasimhan · 2021
Cited alongside, same era.
What learning algorithm is in-context learning? investigations with linear models
Looped transformers as programmable computers
Angeliki Giannou, Shashank Rajput, Jy-yong Sohn, Kangwook Lee, Jason D Lee, and Dimitris Papailiopoulos · 2023
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In-context convergence of transformers
Yu Huang, Yuan Cheng, and Yingbin Liang · 2023
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The impact of positional encoding on length generalization in transformers
Amirhossein Kazemnejad, Inkit Padhi, Karthikeyan Natesan Ramamurthy, Payel Das, and Siva Reddy · 2023
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Hongkang Li, Meng Wang, Sijia Liu, and Pin-Yu Chen · 2023
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alphaXiv searches the wider corpus for related work and actual follow-ups.
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Ekin Akyürek, Dale Schuurmans, Jacob Andreas, Tengyu Ma, and Denny Zhou · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Exploring length generalization in large language models
Cem Anil, Yuhuai Wu, Anders Andreassen, Aitor Lewkowycz, Vedant Misra, Vinay Ramasesh, Ambrose Slone, Guy Gur-Ari, Ethan Dyer, and Behnam Neyshabur · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Hidden progress in deep learning: Sgd learns parities near the computational limit
Boaz Barak, Benjamin Edelman, Surbhi Goel, Sham Kakade, Eran Malach, and Cyril Zhang · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Self-stabilization: The implicit bias of gradient descent at the edge of stability
Alex Damian, Eshaan Nichani, and Jason D Lee · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
A survey for in-context learning
Qingxiu Dong, Lei Li, Damai Dai, Ce Zheng, Zhiyong Wu, Baobao Chang, Xu Sun, Jingjing Xu, and Zhifang Sui · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Inductive biases and variable creation in self-attention mechanisms
Benjamin L Edelman, Surbhi Goel, Sham Kakade, and Cyril Zhang · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
What can transformers learn in-context? a case study of simple function classes
Shivam Garg, Dimitris Tsipras, Percy S Liang, and Gregory Valiant · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Transformer language models without positional encodings still learn positional information
Adi Haviv, Ori Ram, Ofir Press, Peter Izsak, and Omer Levy · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Arvind Mahankali, Tatsunori B Hashimoto, and Tengyu Ma · 2023
Later among the works it cites.
Progress measures for grokking via mechanistic interpretability
Neel Nanda, Lawrence Chan, Tom Liberum, Jess Smith, and Jacob Steinhardt · 2023
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Gpt-4 technical report, 2023
OpenAI · 2023
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Trainable transformer in transformer
Abhishek Panigrahi, Sadhika Malladi, Mengzhou Xia, and Sanjeev Arora · 2023
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Randomized positional encodings boost length generalization of transformers
Anian Ruoss, Grégoire Delétang, Tim Genewein, Jordi Grau-Moya, Róbert Csordás, Mehdi Bennani, Shane Legg, and Joel Veness · 2023
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Representational strengths and limitations of transformers
Clayton Sanford, Daniel Hsu, and Matus Telgarsky · 2023
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Positional description matters for transformers arithmetic
Ruoqi Shen, Sébastien Bubeck, Ronen Eldan, Yin Tat Lee, Yuanzhi Li, and Yi Zhang · 2023
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Transformers as support vector machines
Davoud Ataee Tarzanagh, Yingcong Li, Christos Thrampoulidis, and Samet Oymak · 2023
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Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent
Johannes Von Oswald, Eyvind Niklasson, Ettore Randazzo, João Sacramento, Alexander Mordvintsev, Andrey Zhmoginov, and Max Vladymyrov · 2023
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Trained transformers learn linear models in-context
Ruiqi Zhang, Spencer Frei, and Peter L Bartlett · 2023
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Do transformers parse while predicting the masked word?
Haoyu Zhao, Abhishek Panigrahi, Rong Ge, and Sanjeev Arora · 2023
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What algorithms can transformers learn? a study in length generalization
Hattie Zhou, Arwen Bradley, Etai Littwin, Noam Razin, Omid Saremi, Josh Susskind, Samy Bengio, and Preetum Nakkiran · 2023
Later among the works it cites.
Siyu Chen, Heejune Sheen, Tianhao Wang, and Zhuoran Yang · 2024
Closest in time.
Juno Kim and Taiji Suzuki · 2024
Closest in time.
How transformers learn causal structure with gradient descent
Eshaan Nichani, Alex Damian, and Jason D Lee · 2024
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Small-scale proxies for large-scale transformer training instabilities
Mitchell Wortsman, Peter J Liu, Lechao Xiao, Katie E Everett, Alexander A Alemi, Ben Adlam, John D Co-Reyes, Izzeddin Gur, Abhishek Kumar, Roman Novak, Jeffrey Pennington, Jascha Sohl-Dickstein, Kelvin Xu, Jaehoon Lee, Justin Gilmer, and Simon Kornblith · 2024
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Transformers can achieve length generalization but not robustly
Yongchao Zhou, Uri Alon, Xinyun Chen, Xuezhi Wang, Rishabh Agarwal, and Denny Zhou · 2024
Closest in time.