Magic-induced computational separation in entanglement theory

Understand

Entanglement serves as a foundational pillar in quantum information theory, delineating the boundary between what is classical and what is quantum.

• The common assumption is that higher entanglement corresponds to a greater degree of `quantumness'.
• However, this folk belief is challenged by the fact that classically simulable operations, such as Clifford circuits, can create highly entangled states.
• The simulability of these states raises a question: what are the differences between `low-magic' entanglement, and `high-magic' entanglement? We answer this question in this work with a rigorous investigation into the role of magic in entanglement theory.