Diverse Oxygen Abundance in Early Galaxies Unveiled by Auroral Line Analysis with JWST

Understand

We present deep JWST NIRSpec observations in the sightline of MACS J1149.5+2223, a massive cluster of galaxies at $z=0.54$.

• We report the spectroscopic redshift of 28 sources at $3<z<9.1$, including 9 sources with the detection of the [OIII]4363 auroral line.
• Combining these with 16 [OIII]4363-detected sources from publicly available JWST data, our sample consists of 25 galaxies with robust gas-phase metallicity measurements via the direct method.
• We observe a positive correlation between stellar mass and metallicity, with a $\sim0.5$\,dex offset down below the local relation.