$\Lambda$CDM Tensions: Localising Missing Physics through Consistency Checks

Understand

$\Lambda$CDM tensions are by definition model dependent; one sees anomalies through the prism of $\Lambda$CDM.

• Thus, progress towards tension resolution necessitates checking the consistency of the $\Lambda$CDM model to localise missing physics either in redshift or scale.
• Since the Universe is dynamical and redshift is a proxy for time, it is imperative to first perform consistency checks involving redshift, then consistency checks involving scale, as the next steps to settle the ``systematics versus new physics" debate and foster informed model building.
• We present a review of the hierarchy of assumptions underlying the $\Lambda$CDM cosmological model and comment on whether relaxing them can address the tensions.