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Recent work has aimed to capture nuances of human behavior by using LLMs to simulate responses from particular demographics in settings like social science experiments and public opinion surveys.
A history of caricature
Bohun Lynch. 1927 · 1927
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The influence of culture on visual perception , volume 310
Marshall H Segall, Donald Thomas Campbell, and Melville Jean Herskovits. 1966 · 1966
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ELIZA—a computer program for the study of natural language communication between man and machine
Joseph Weizenbaum. 1966 · 1966
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A definition of caricature and caricature and recognition
David Perkins. 1975 · 1975
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Steamer: An interactive inspectable simulation-based training system
James D Hollan, Edwin L Hutchins, and Louis Weitzman. 1984 · 1984
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Histrionic personality and antisocial personality: caricatures of stereotypes?
Phillip R Slavney. 1984 · 1984
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Under Western eyes: Feminist scholarship and colonial discourses
Chandra Mohanty. 1988 · 1988
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“Jasmine,” the sweet scent of exile
Anu Aneja. 1993 · 1993
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Propaganda and caricature in the first world war
Eberhard Demm. 1993 · 1993
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The role of emotion in believable agents
Joseph Bates et al. 1994 · 1994
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Automated intelligent pilots for combat flight simulation
Randolph M Jones, John E Laird, Paul E Nielsen, Karen J Coulter, Patrick Kenny, and Frank V Koss. 1999 · 1999
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Imagining stereotypes away: The moderation of implicit stereotypes through mental imagery
Irene V Blair, Jennifer E Ma, and Alison P Lenton. 2001 · 2001
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Description and prescription: How gender stereotypes prevent women’s ascent up the organizational ladder
Madeline E Heilman. 2001 · 2001
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A model of (often mixed) stereotype content: competence and warmth respectively follow from perceived status and competition
Susan T Fiske, Amy JC Cuddy, Peter Glick, and Jun Xu. 2002 · 2002
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Understanding prejudice and discrimination
Scott Ed Plous. 2003 · 2003
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Why personas work: The psychological evidence
Jonathan Grudin. 2006 · 2006
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Gender and genre variation in weblogs
Susan C Herring and John C Paolillo. 2006 · 2006
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Cancer incidence, mortality, and associated risk factors among Asian Americans of Chinese, Filipino, Vietnamese, Korean, and Japanese ethnicities
Melissa McCracken, Miho Olsen, Moon S Chen Jr, Ahmedin Jemal, Michael Thun, Vilma Cokkinides, Dennis Deapen, and Elizabeth Ward. 2007 · 2007
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Slavery, sugar, and the culture of refinement: Picturing the British West Indies, 1700–1840
Kay Dian Kriz. 2008 · 2008
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Fightin’words: Lexical feature selection and evaluation for identifying the content of political conflict
Burt L Monroe, Michael P Colaresi, and Kevin M Quinn. 2008 · 2008
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A stereotype, wrapped in a cliché, inside a caricature: Russian foreign policy and orientalism
James DJ Brown. 2010 · 2010
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The weirdest people in the world?
Joseph Henrich, Steven J Heine, and Ara Norenzayan. 2010 · 2010
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From Muhammad to Obama: Caricatures, cartoons, and stereotypes of Muslims
Peter Gottschalk and Gabriel Greenberg. 2011 · 2011
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Stereotyping and prejudice: Changing conceptions
Daniel Bar-Tal, Carl F Graumann, Arie W Kruglanski, and Wolfgang Stroebe. 2013 · 2013
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Gender identity and lexical variation in social media
David Bamman, Jacob Eisenstein, and Tyler Schnoebelen. 2014 · 2014
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Positive stereotypes are pervasive and powerful
Alexander M Czopp, Aaron C Kay, and Sapna Cheryan. 2015 · 2015
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Interpretations and methods: Towards a more effectively self-correcting social psychology
Lee Jussim, Jarret T Crawford, Stephanie M Anglin, Sean T Stevens, and Jose L Duarte. 2016 · 2016
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Stereotypes and politics: Reflections on personas
Nicola Marsden and Maren Haag. 2016 · 2016
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Measuring the similarity of sentential arguments in dialogue
Amita Misra, Brian Ecker, and Marilyn Walker. 2016 · 2016
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Imagining east asian education otherwise: Neither caricature, nor scandalization
Keita Takayama. 2017 · 2017
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Data statements for natural language processing: Toward mitigating system bias and enabling better science
Emily M Bender and Batya Friedman. 2018 · 2018
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The internet’s hidden rules: An empirical study of Reddit norm violations at micro, meso, and macro scales
Eshwar Chandrasekharan, Mattia Samory, Shagun Jhaver, Hunter Charvat, Amy Bruckman, Cliff Lampe, Jacob Eisenstein, and Eric Gilbert. 2018 · 2018
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Wikihow: A large scale text summarization dataset
Mahnaz Koupaee and William Yang Wang. 2018 · 2018
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Surfacing racial stereotypes through identity portrayal
Gauri Kambhatla, Ian Stewart, and Rada Mihalcea. 2022 · 2022
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Discovering differences in the representation of people using contextualized semantic axes
Li Lucy, Divya Tadimeti, and David Bamman. 2022 · 2022
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Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback
Long Ouyang, Jeffrey Wu, Xu Jiang, Diogo Almeida, Carroll Wainwright, Pamela Mishkin, Chong Zhang, Sandhini Agarwal, Katarina Slama, Alex Ray, et al. 2022 · 2022
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Social simulacra: Creating populated prototypes for social computing systems
Joon Sung Park, Lindsay Popowski, Carrie Cai, Meredith Ringel Morris, Percy Liang, and Michael S Bernstein. 2022 · 2022
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Investigations of performance and bias in human-AI teamwork in hiring
Andi Peng, Besmira Nushi, Emre Kiciman, Kori Inkpen, and Ece Kamar. 2022 · 2022
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The computational therapeutic: Exploring Weizenbaum’s ELIZA as a history of the present
Caroline Bassett. 2019 · 2019
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Racist cute: Caricature, kawaii-style, and the Asian thing
Leslie Bow. 2019 · 2019
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Engaging feminist solidarity for comparative research, design, and practice
Neha Kumar, Naveena Karusala, Azra Ismail, Marisol Wong-Villacres, and Aditya Vishwanath. 2019 · 2019
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Personas and identity: Looking at multiple identities to inform the construction of personas
Nicola Marsden and Monika Pröbster. 2019 · 2019
Cited alongside, same era.
Model cards for model reporting
Margaret Mitchell, Simone Wu, Andrew Zaldivar, Parker Barnes, Lucy Vasserman, Ben Hutchinson, Elena Spitzer, Inioluwa Deborah Raji, and Timnit Gebru. 2019 · 2019
Cited alongside, same era.
Sentence-bert: Sentence embeddings using siamese bert-networks
Nils Reimers and Iryna Gurevych. 2019 · 2019
Cited alongside, same era.
Computational Social Roles
Diyi Yang. 2019 · 2019
Cited alongside, same era.
Memorization without overfitting: Analyzing the training dynamics of large language models
Kushal Tirumala, Aram Markosyan, Luke Zettlemoyer, and Armen Aghajanyan. 2022 · 2022
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Do humans trust advice more if it comes from AI? an analysis of human-AI interactions
Kailas Vodrahalli, Roxana Daneshjou, Tobias Gerstenberg, and James Zou. 2022 · 2022
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Towards intersectionality in machine learning: Including more identities, handling underrepresentation, and performing evaluation
Angelina Wang, Vikram V Ramaswamy, and Olga Russakovsky. 2022 · 2022
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Markedness in visual semantic AI
Robert Wolfe and Aylin Caliskan. 2022 · 2022
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Using large language models to simulate multiple humans and replicate human subject studies
Gati Aher, Rosa I. Arriaga, and Adam Tauman Kalai. 2023 · 2023
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Out of one, many: Using language models to simulate human samples
Lisa P. Argyle, Ethan C. Busby, Nancy Fulda, Joshua R. Gubler, Christopher Rytting, and David Wingate. 2023 · 2023
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Using cognitive psychology to understand GPT-3
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Using thematic analysis in healthcare HCI at CHI: A scoping review
Robert Bowman, Camille Nadal, Kellie Morrissey, Anja Thieme, and Gavin Doherty. 2023 · 2023
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Quantifying memorization across neural language models
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AlpacaFarm: A simulation framework for methods that learn from human feedback
Yann Dubois, Xuechen Li, Rohan Taori, Tianyi Zhang, Ishaan Gulrajani, Jimmy Ba, Carlos Guestrin, Percy Liang, and Tatsunori B. Hashimoto. 2023 · 2023
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Evaluating large language models in generating synthetic HCI research data: a case study
Perttu Hämäläinen, Mikke Tavast, and Anton Kunnari. 2023 · 2023
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Blind judgement: Agent-based supreme court modelling with GPT
Sil Hamilton. 2023 · 2023
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Training socially aligned language models in simulated human society
Ruibo Liu, Ruixin Yang, Chenyan Jia, Ge Zhang, Denny Zhou, Andrew M Dai, Diyi Yang, and Soroush Vosoughi. 2023 · 2023
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GPTeach: Interactive TA training with GPT-based students
Julia M. Markel, Steven G. Opferman, James A. Landay, and Chris Piech. 2023 · 2023
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GPT-4 technical report
OpenAI. 2023 · 2023
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Whose opinions do language models reflect?
Shibani Santurkar, Esin Durmus, Faisal Ladhak, Cinoo Lee, Percy Liang, and Tatsunori Hashimoto. 2023 · 2023
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NLPositionality: Characterizing design biases of datasets and models
Sebastin Santy, Jenny Liang, Ronan Le Bras, Katharina Reinecke, and Maarten Sap. 2023 · 2023
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The curse of recursion: Training on generated data makes models forget
Ilia Shumailov, Zakhar Shumaylov, Yiren Zhao, Yarin Gal, Nicolas Papernot, and Ross Anderson. 2023 · 2023
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ACROCPoLis: A descriptive framework for making sense of fairness
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Veniamin Veselovsky, Manoel Horta Ribeiro, and Robert West. 2023 · 2023
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To repeat or not to repeat: Insights from scaling llm under token-crisis
Fuzhao Xue, Yao Fu, Wangchunshu Zhou, Zangwei Zheng, and Yang You. 2023 · 2023
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Why Johnny can’t prompt: how non-AI experts try (and fail) to design llm prompts
JD Zamfirescu-Pereira, Richmond Y Wong, Bjoern Hartmann, and Qian Yang. 2023 · 2023
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NormBank: A knowledge bank of situational social norms
Caleb Ziems, Jane Dwivedi-Yu, Yi-Chia Wang, Alon Halevy, and Diyi Yang. 2023 · 2023
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