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We propose Knowledge Crosswords, a geometric knowledge reasoning benchmark consisting of incomplete knowledge networks bounded by structured factual constraints, where LLMs are tasked with inferring the missing facts to meet all constraints.
Language models are few-shot learners
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Kbqa: Learning question answering over qa corpora and knowledge bases
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TriviaQA: A large scale distantly supervised challenge dataset for reading comprehension
Mandar Joshi, Eunsol Choi, Daniel Weld, and Luke Zettlemoyer. 2017 · 2017
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Program induction by rationale generation: Learning to solve and explain algebraic word problems
Wang Ling, Dani Yogatama, Chris Dyer, and Phil Blunsom. 2017 · 2017
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Seq2sql: Generating structured queries from natural language using reinforcement learning
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Neural compositional denotational semantics for question answering
Nitish Gupta and Mike Lewis. 2018 · 2018
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The web as a knowledge-base for answering complex questions
Alon Talmor and Jonathan Berant. 2018 · 2018
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HotpotQA: A dataset for diverse, explainable multi-hop question answering
Zhilin Yang, Peng Qi, Saizheng Zhang, Yoshua Bengio, William Cohen, Ruslan Salakhutdinov, and Christopher D. Manning. 2018 · 2018
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Language models as knowledge bases?
Fabio Petroni, Tim Rocktäschel, Sebastian Riedel, Patrick Lewis, Anton Bakhtin, Yuxiang Wu, and Alexander Miller. 2019 · 2019
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Multi-task learning for conversational question answering over a large-scale knowledge base
Tao Shen, Xiubo Geng, Tao Qin, Daya Guo, Duyu Tang, Nan Duan, Guodong Long, and Daxin Jiang. 2019 · 2019
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CommonsenseQA: A question answering challenge targeting commonsense knowledge
Alon Talmor, Jonathan Herzig, Nicholas Lourie, and Jonathan Berant. 2019 · 2019
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Benchmark and best practices for biomedical knowledge graph embeddings
David Chang, Ivana Balažević, Carl Allen, Daniel Chawla, Cynthia Brandt, and Richard Andrew Taylor. 2020 · 2020
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Constructing a multi-hop QA dataset for comprehensive evaluation of reasoning steps
Xanh Ho, Anh-Khoa Duong Nguyen, Saku Sugawara, and Akiko Aizawa. 2020 · 2020
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AmbigQA: Answering ambiguous open-domain questions
Sewon Min, Julian Michael, Hannaneh Hajishirzi, and Luke Zettlemoyer. 2020 · 2020
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Beyond i.i.d.: Three levels of generalization for question answering on knowledge bases
Yu Gu, Sue Kase, Michelle Vanni, Brian Sadler, Percy Liang, Xifeng Yan, and Yu Su. 2021 · 2021
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Finetuned language models are zero-shot learners
Jason Wei, Maarten Bosma, Vincent Zhao, Kelvin Guu, Adams Wei Yu, Brian Lester, Nan Du, Andrew M Dai, and Quoc V Le. 2021 · 2021
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Faithful knowledge graph explanations in commonsense question answering
Guy Aglionby and Simone Teufel. 2022 · 2022
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Squire: A sequence-to-sequence framework for multi-hop knowledge graph reasoning
Yushi Bai, Xin Lv, Juanzi Li, Lei Hou, Yincen Qu, Zelin Dai, and Feiyu Xiong. 2022 · 2022
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Improving language models by retrieving from trillions of tokens
Sebastian Borgeaud, Arthur Mensch, Jordan Hoffmann, Trevor Cai, Eliza Rutherford, Katie Millican, George Bm Van Den Driessche, Jean-Baptiste Lespiau, Bogdan Damoc, Aidan Clark, et al. 2022 · 2022
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Rich knowledge sources bring complex knowledge conflicts: Recalibrating models to reflect conflicting evidence
Hung-Ting Chen, Michael Zhang, and Eunsol Choi. 2022 · 2022
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Knowledge base question answering by case-based reasoning over subgraphs
Rajarshi Das, Ameya Godbole, Ankita Naik, Elliot Tower, Manzil Zaheer, Hannaneh Hajishirzi, Robin Jia, and Andrew McCallum. 2022 · 2022
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Semantic framework based query generation for temporal question answering over knowledge graphs
Wentao Ding, Hao Chen, Huayu Li, and Yuzhong Qu. 2022 · 2022
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Par: Political actor representation learning with social context and expert knowledge
Shangbin Feng, Zhaoxuan Tan, Zilong Chen, Ningnan Wang, Peisheng Yu, Qinghua Zheng, Xiaojun Chang, and Minnan Luo. 2022 · 2022
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Empowering language models with knowledge graph reasoning for open-domain question answering
Ziniu Hu, Yichong Xu, Wenhao Yu, Shuohang Wang, Ziyi Yang, Chenguang Zhu, Kai-Wei Chang, and Yizhou Sun. 2022 · 2022
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Few-shot relational reasoning via connection subgraph pretraining
Qian Huang, Hongyu Ren, and Jure Leskovec. 2022 · 2022
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Nithish Kannen, Udit Sharma, Sumit Neelam, Dinesh Khandelwal, Shajith Ikbal, Hima Karanam, and L Venkata Subramaniam. 2022 · 2022
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Realtime qa: What’s the answer right now?
Jungo Kasai, Keisuke Sakaguchi, Yoichi Takahashi, Ronan Le Bras, Akari Asai, Xinyan Yu, Dragomir Radev, Noah A Smith, Yejin Choi, and Kentaro Inui. 2022 · 2022
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Knowledge-augmented self-training of a question rewriter for conversational knowledge base question answering
Xirui Ke, Jing Zhang, Xin Lv, Yiqi Xu, Shulin Cao, Cuiping Li, Hong Chen, and Juanzi Li. 2022 · 2022
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Decomposed prompting: A modular approach for solving complex tasks
Tushar Khot, Harsh Trivedi, Matthew Finlayson, Yao Fu, Kyle Richardson, Peter Clark, and Ashish Sabharwal. 2022 · 2022
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Large language models are zero-shot reasoners
Takeshi Kojima, Shixiang Shane Gu, Machel Reid, Yutaka Matsuo, and Yusuke Iwasawa. 2022 · 2022
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Solving quantitative reasoning problems with language models
Aitor Lewkowycz, Anders Andreassen, David Dohan, Ethan Dyer, Henryk Michalewski, Vinay Ramasesh, Ambrose Slone, Cem Anil, Imanol Schlag, Theo Gutman-Solo, et al. 2022 · 2022
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Complex evolutional pattern learning for temporal knowledge graph reasoning
Zixuan Li, Saiping Guan, Xiaolong Jin, Weihua Peng, Yajuan Lyu, Yong Zhu, Long Bai, Wei Li, Jiafeng Guo, and Xueqi Cheng. 2022 · 2022
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Uni-parser: Unified semantic parser for question answering on knowledge base and database
Ye Liu, Semih Yavuz, Rui Meng, Dragomir Radev, Caiming Xiong, and Yingbo Zhou. 2022 · 2022
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Survey of hallucination in natural language generation
Ziwei Ji, Nayeon Lee, Rita Frieske, Tiezheng Yu, Dan Su, Yan Xu, Etsuko Ishii, Ye Jin Bang, Andrea Madotto, and Pascale Fung. 2023 · 2023
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ReasoningLM: Enabling structural subgraph reasoning in pre-trained language models for question answering over knowledge graph
Jinhao Jiang, Kun Zhou, Xin Zhao, Yaliang Li, and Ji-Rong Wen. 2023a · 2023
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Large language models struggle to learn long-tail knowledge
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Few-shot reranking for multi-hop QA via language model prompting
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FactKG: Fact verification via reasoning on knowledge graphs
Jiho Kim, Sungjin Park, Yeonsu Kwon, Yohan Jo, James Thorne, and Edward Choi. 2023 · 2023
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An adaptive logical rule embedding model for inductive reasoning over temporal knowledge graphs
Xin Mei, Libin Yang, Xiaoyan Cai, and Zuowei Jiang. 2022 · 2022
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Sygma: A system for generalizable and modular question answering over knowledge bases
Sumit Neelam, Udit Sharma, Hima Karanam, Shajith Ikbal, Pavan Kapanipathi, Ibrahim Abdelaziz, Nandana Mihindukulasooriya, Young-Suk Lee, Santosh Srivastava, Cezar Pendus, et al. 2022 · 2022
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Sequence-to-sequence knowledge graph completion and question answering
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Improving time sensitivity for question answering over temporal knowledge graphs
Chao Shang, Guangtao Wang, Peng Qi, and Jing Huang. 2022 · 2022
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Tiara: Multi-grained retrieval for robust question answering over large knowledge base
Yiheng Shu, Zhiwei Yu, Yuhan Li, Börje Karlsson, Tingting Ma, Yuzhong Qu, and Chin-Yew Lin. 2022 · 2022
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Recitation-augmented language models
Zhiqing Sun, Xuezhi Wang, Yi Tay, Yiming Yang, and Denny Zhou. 2022 · 2022
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Improving complex knowledge base question answering via question-to-action and question-to-question alignment
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When not to trust language models: Investigating effectiveness of parametric and non-parametric memories
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