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Many open-domain questions are under-specified and thus have multiple possible answers, each of which is correct under a different interpretation of the question.
Squad: 100,000+ questions for machine comprehension of text
Rajpurkar, P., Zhang, J., Lopyrev, K., and Liang, P · 2016
Earlier work this paper cites.
Triviaqa: A large scale distantly supervised challenge dataset for reading comprehension
Joshi, M., Choi, E., Weld, D. S., and Zettlemoyer, L · 2017
Earlier work this paper cites.
Know what you don’t know: Unanswerable questions for squad
Rajpurkar, P., Jia, R., and Liang, P · 2018
Earlier work this paper cites.
Open domain question answering using early fusion of knowledge bases and text
Sun, H., Dhingra, B., Zaheer, M., Mazaitis, K., Salakhutdinov, R., and Cohen, W · 2018
Earlier work this paper cites.
Natural questions: a benchmark for question answering research
Kwiatkowski, T., Palomaki, J., Redfield, O., Collins, M., Parikh, A., Alberti, C., Epstein, D., Polosukhin, I., Devlin, J., Lee, K., et al · 2019
Earlier work this paper cites.
Knowledge guided text retrieval and reading for open domain question answering
Min, S., Chen, D., Zettlemoyer, L., and Hajishirzi, H · 2019
Earlier work this paper cites.
Differentiable reasoning over a virtual knowledge base
Dhingra, B., Zaheer, M., Balachandran, V., Neubig, G., Salakhutdinov, R., and Cohen, W. W · 2020
Earlier work this paper cites.
Dense passage retrieval for open-domain question answering
Karpukhin, V., Oguz, B., Min, S., Lewis, P., Wu, L., Edunov, S., Chen, D., and Yih, W.-t · 2020
Earlier work this paper cites.
Ambigqa: Answering ambiguous open-domain questions
Min, S., Michael, J., Hajishirzi, H., and Zettlemoyer, L · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
Exploring the limits of transfer learning with a unified text-to-text transformer
Raffel, C., Shazeer, N., Roberts, A., Lee, K., Narang, S., Matena, M., Zhou, Y., Li, W., Liu, P. J., et al · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
PAQ: 65 million probably-asked questions and what you can do with them
Lewis, P., Wu, Y., Liu, L., Minervini, P., Küttler, H., Piktus, A., Stenetorp, P., and Riedel, S · 2021
Cited alongside, same era.
Joint passage ranking for diverse multi-answer retrieval
Min, S., Lee, K., Chang, M.-W., Toutanova, K., and Hajishirzi, H · 2021
Cited alongside, same era.
Large dual encoders are generalizable retrievers
Ni, J., Qu, C., Lu, J., Dai, Z., Ábrego, G. H., Ma, J., Zhao, V. Y., Luan, Y., Hall, K. B., Chang, M.-W., et al · 2021
Cited alongside, same era.
Improving question answering with generation of nq-like questions
Bandyopadhyay, S., Pal, S., Zou, H., Chandra, A., and Boyd-Graber, J · 2022
Later among the works it cites.
Time-aware language models as temporal knowledge bases
Dhingra, B., Cole, J., Eisenschlos, J., Gillick, D., Eisenstein, J., and Cohen, W · 2022
Later among the works it cites.
Asqa: Factoid questions meet long-form answers
Stelmakh, I., Luan, Y., Dhingra, B., and Chang, M.-W · 2022
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Conditionalqa: A complex reading comprehension dataset with conditional answers
Sun, H., Cohen, W., and Salakhutdinov, R · 2022
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An efficient memory-augmented transformer for knowledge-intensive nlp tasks
Wu, Y., Zhao, Y., Hu, B., Minervini, P., Stenetorp, P., and Riedel, S · 2022
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Reasoning over virtual knowledge bases with open predicate relations
Sun, H., Verga, P., Dhingra, B., Salakhutdinov, R., and Cohen, W. W · 2021
Cited alongside, same era.
Situatedqa: Incorporating extra-linguistic contexts into qa
Zhang, M. and Choi, E · 2021
Cited alongside, same era.
Qa is the new kr: Question-answer pairs as knowledge bases
Chen, W., Cohen, W. W., De Jong, M., Gupta, N., Presta, A., Verga, P., and Wieting, J
Cited in the paper.
Augmenting pre-trained language models with qa-memory for open-domain question answering
Chen, W., Verga, P., de Jong, M., Wieting, J., and Cohen, W
Cited in the paper.
Later among the works it cites.
Romqa: A benchmark for robust, multi-evidence, multi-answer question answering
Zhong, V., Shi, W., Yih, W.-t., and Zettlemoyer, L · 2022
Later among the works it cites.
The value of semantic parse labeling for knowledge base question answering
Yih, W.-t., Richardson, M., Meek, C., Chang, M.-W., and Suh, J · 2033
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