Learning and simulating bosonic systems via finite-energy locality

Understand

Bosonic devices promise applications in simulation, sensing and quantum error correction, but infinite-dimensional local Hilbert spaces obstruct the locality tools that make qubit dynamics efficiently learnable and simulable.

• We establish a finite-energy locality principle for geometrically local bosonic open systems satisfying photon-number moment propagation.
• It compares unbounded generators with Galerkin cutoffs, transferring finite-dimensional Lieb--Robinson, product-formula and circuit techniques to bosons with explicit errors.
• For this moment-controlled class, we obtain, to our knowledge, the first model-independent weak Lieb--Robinson bounds beyond Bose--Hubbard-type dynamics, together with quantitative Trotter and simulation guarantees for polynomial bosonic GKSL generators.