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Generative large language models (LLMs) can be a powerful tool for augmenting text annotation procedures, but their performance varies across annotation tasks due to prompt quality, text data idiosyncrasies, and conceptual difficulty.
Language models are few-shot learners
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A template approach to text analysis: Developing and using codebooks
Crabtree, B. F. and Miller, W. L. (1992) · 1992
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Codebook development for team-based qualitative analysis
MacQueen, K. M., McLellan, E., Kay, K., and Milstein, B. (1998) · 1998
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Text as data: The promise and pitfalls of automatic content analysis methods for political texts
Grimmer, J. and Stewart, B. M. (2013) · 2013
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The Content Analysis Guidebook
Neuendorf, K. A. (2016) · 2016
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Content Analysis: An Introduction to Its Methodology
Krippendorff, K. (2018) · 2018
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An mturk crisis? shifts in data quality and the impact on study results
Chmielewski, M. and Kucker, S. C. (2020) · 2020
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People judge others to have more voluntary control over beliefs than they themselves do
Cusimano, C. and Goodwin, G. P. (2020) · 2020
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Want to reduce labeling cost? GPT-3 can help
Wang, S., Liu, Y., Xu, Y., Zhu, C., and Zeng, M. (2021) · 2021
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Computational analysis of 140 years of us political speeches reveals more positive but increasingly polarized framing of immigration
Card, D., Chang, S., Becker, C., Mendelsohn, J., Voigt, R., Boustan, L., Abramitzky, R., and Jurafsky, D. (2022) · 2022
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Is gpt-3 a good data annotator?
Ding, B., Qin, C., Liu, L., Bing, L., Joty, S., and Li, B. (2022) · 2022
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Introducing the gab hate corpus: defining and applying hate-based rhetoric to social media posts at scale
Kennedy, B., Atari, M., Davani, A. M., Yeh, L., Omrani, A., Kim, Y., Coombs, K., Havaldar, S., Portillo-Wightman, G., Gonzalez, E., Hoover, J., Azatian, A., Hussain, A., Lara, A., Olmos, G., Omary, A., Park, C., Wijaya, C., Wang, X., Zhang, Y., and Dehghani, M. (2022) · 2022
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Informing the leader: Bureaucracies and international crises
Schub, R. (2022) · 2022
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Chatgpt outperforms crowd-workers for text-annotation tasks
Gilardi, F., Alizadeh, M., and Kubli, M. (2023) · 2023
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Annollm: Making large language models to be better crowdsourced annotators
He, X., Lin, Z., Gong, Y., Jin, A.-L., Zhang, H., Lin, C., Jiao, J., Yiu, S. M., Duan, N., and Chen, W. (2023) · 2023
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Testing the reliability of chatgpt for text annotation and classification: A cautionary remark
Reiss, M. (2023) · 2023
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On the rise of fear speech in online social media
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Why open-source generative ai models are an ethical way forward for science
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Can chatgpt reproduce human-generated labels? a study of social computing tasks
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Judging facts, judging norms: Training machine learning models to judge humans requires a modified approach to labeling data
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