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Large language models (LLMs) face the challenges in fine-tuning and deployment due to their high memory demands and computational costs.
Building a large annotated corpus of English: The Penn Treebank
Mitchell P. Marcus, Beatrice Santorini, and Mary Ann Marcinkiewicz · 2004
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Pointer sentinel mixture models, 2016
Stephen Merity, Caiming Xiong, James Bradbury, and Richard Socher · 2016
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QSGD: communication-efficient SGD via gradient quantization and encoding
Dan Alistarh, Demjan Grubic, Jerry Li, Ryota Tomioka, and Milan Vojnovic · 2017
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Bert: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding
Jacob Devlin, Ming-Wei Chang, Kenton Lee, and Kristina Toutanova · 2018
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Think you have solved question answering? try arc, the ai2 reasoning challenge
Peter Clark, Isaac Cowhey, Oren Etzioni, Tushar Khot, Ashish Sabharwal, Carissa Schoenick, and Oyvind Tafjord · 2018
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Can a suit of armor conduct electricity? a new dataset for open book question answering
Todor Mihaylov, Peter Clark, Tushar Khot, and Ashish Sabharwal · 2018
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Parameter-efficient transfer learning for NLP
Neil Houlsby, Andrei Giurgiu, Stanislaw Jastrzebski, Bruna Morrone, Quentin De Laroussilhe, Andrea Gesmundo, Mona Attariyan, and Sylvain Gelly · 2019
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Learning to quantize deep networks by optimizing quantization intervals with task loss
Sangil Jung, Changyong Son, Seohyung Lee, Jinwoo Son, Jae-Joon Han, Youngjun Kwak, Sung Ju Hwang, and Changkyu Choi · 2019
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Language models are unsupervised multitask learners
Alec Radford, Jeffrey Wu, Rewon Child, David Luan, Dario Amodei, Ilya Sutskever, et al · 2019
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Hellaswag: Can a machine really finish your sentence?
Rowan Zellers, Ari Holtzman, Yonatan Bisk, Ali Farhadi, and Yejin Choi · 2019
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Decoupled weight decay regularization
Ilya Loshchilov and Frank Hutter · 2019
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Language models are few-shot learners
Tom Brown, Benjamin Mann, Nick Ryder, Melanie Subbiah, Jared D Kaplan, Prafulla Dhariwal, Arvind Neelakantan, Pranav Shyam, Girish Sastry, Amanda Askell, et al · 2020
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Learning to summarize with human feedback
Nisan Stiennon, Long Ouyang, Jeffrey Wu, Daniel Ziegler, Ryan Lowe, Chelsea Voss, Alec Radford, Dario Amodei, and Paul F Christiano · 2020
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Gpt-3: Its nature, scope, limits, and consequences
Luciano Floridi and Massimo Chiriatti · 2020
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Learned step size quantization
Steven K. Esser, Jeffrey L. McKinstry, Deepika Bablani, Rathinakumar Appuswamy, and Dharmendra S. Modha · 2020
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Linear symmetric quantization of neural networks for low-precision integer hardware
Xiandong Zhao, Ying Wang, Xuyi Cai, Cheng Liu, and Lei Zhang · 2020
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Exploiting cloze questions for few shot text classification and natural language inference
Timo Schick and Hinrich Schütze · 2020
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Piqa: Reasoning about physical commonsense in natural language
Yonatan Bisk, Rowan Zellers, Jianfeng Gao, Yejin Choi, et al · 2020
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Measuring massive multitask language understanding
Dan Hendrycks, Collin Burns, Steven Basart, Andy Zou, Mantas Mazeika, Dawn Song, and Jacob Steinhardt · 2020
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Deepspeed: System optimizations enable training deep learning models with over 100 billion parameters
Jeff Rasley, Samyam Rajbhandari, Olatunji Ruwase, and Yuxiong He · 2020
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Transformers: State-of-the-art natural language processing
Thomas Wolf, Lysandre Debut, Victor Sanh, Julien Chaumond, Clement Delangue, Anthony Moi, Pierric Cistac, Tim Rault, Remi Louf, Morgan Funtowicz, Joe Davison, Sam Shleifer, Patrick von Platen, Clara Ma, Yacine Jernite, Julien Plu, Canwen Xu, Teven Le Scao, Sylvain Gugger, Mariama Drame, Quentin Lhoest, and Alexander Rush · 2020
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GPT-NeoX: Large Scale Autoregressive Language Modeling in PyTorch, 8 2021
Alex Andonian, Quentin Anthony, Stella Biderman, Sid Black, Preetham Gali, Leo Gao, Eric Hallahan, Josh Levy-Kramer, Connor Leahy, Lucas Nestler, Kip Parker, Michael Pieler, Shivanshu Purohit, Tri Songz, Wang Phil, and Samuel Weinbach · 2021
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Gpt understands, too, 2021
Xiao Liu, Yanan Zheng, Zhengxiao Du, Ming Ding, Yujie Qian, Zhilin Yang, and Jie Tang · 2021
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Cluster-promoting quantization with bit-drop for minimizing network quantization loss, 2021
Jung Hyun Lee, Jihun Yun, Sung Ju Hwang, and Eunho Yang · 2021
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Webgpt: Browser-assisted question-answering with human feedback
Reiichiro Nakano, Jacob Hilton, Suchir Balaji, Jeff Wu, Long Ouyang, Christina Kim, Christopher Hesse, Shantanu Jain, Vineet Kosaraju, William Saunders, Xu Jiang, Karl Cobbe, Tyna Eloundou, Gretchen Krueger, Kevin Button, Matthew Knight, Benjamin Chess, and John Schulman · 2021
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Prefix-tuning: Optimizing continuous prompts for generation
Xiang Lisa Li and Percy Liang · 2021
Cited alongside, same era.
The power of scale for parameter-efficient prompt tuning
Brian Lester, Rami Al-Rfou, and Noah Constant · 2021
Cited alongside, same era.
Smoothquant: Accurate and efficient post-training quantization for large language models
Guangxuan Xiao, Ji Lin, Mickael Seznec, Julien Demouth, and Song Han · 2022
Later among the works it cites.
Training compute-optimal large language models
Jordan Hoffmann, Sebastian Borgeaud, Arthur Mensch, Elena Buchatskaya, Trevor Cai, Eliza Rutherford, Diego de Las Casas, Lisa Anne Hendricks, Johannes Welbl, Aidan Clark, et al · 2022
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Self-instruct: Aligning language model with self generated instructions
Yizhong Wang, Yeganeh Kordi, Swaroop Mishra, Alisa Liu, Noah A. Smith, Daniel Khashabi, and Hannaneh Hajishirzi · 2022
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Towards a unified view of parameter-efficient transfer learning
Junxian He, Chunting Zhou, Xuezhe Ma, Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick, and Graham Neubig · 2022
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UniPELT: A unified framework for parameter-efficient language model tuning
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GPT-Neo: Large Scale Autoregressive Language Modeling with Mesh-Tensorflow, March 2021
Sid Black, Leo Gao, Phil Wang, Connor Leahy, and Stella Biderman · 2021
Cited alongside, same era.
A framework for few-shot language model evaluation, September 2021
Leo Gao, Jonathan Tow, Stella Biderman, Sid Black, Anthony DiPofi, Charles Foster, Laurence Golding, Jeffrey Hsu, Kyle McDonell, Niklas Muennighoff, Jason Phang, Laria Reynolds, Eric Tang, Anish Thite, Ben Wang, Kevin Wang, and Andy Zou · 2021
Cited alongside, same era.
Palm: Scaling language modeling with pathways, 2022
Aakanksha Chowdhery, Sharan Narang, Jacob Devlin, Maarten Bosma, Gaurav Mishra, Adam Roberts, Paul Barham, Hyung Won Chung, Charles Sutton, Sebastian Gehrmann, Parker Schuh, Kensen Shi, Sasha Tsvyashchenko, Joshua Maynez, Abhishek Rao, Parker Barnes, Yi Tay, Noam Shazeer, Vinodkumar Prabhakaran, Emily Reif, Nan Du, Ben Hutchinson, Reiner Pope, James Bradbury, Jacob Austin, Michael Isard, Guy Gur-Ari, Pengcheng Yin, Toju Duke, Anselm Levskaya, Sanjay Ghemawat, Sunipa Dev, Henryk Michalewski, Xavier Garcia, Vedant Misra, Kevin Robinson, Liam Fedus, Denny Zhou, Daphne Ippolito, David Luan, Hyeontaek Lim, Barret Zoph, Alexander Spiridonov, Ryan Sepassi, David Dohan, Shivani Agrawal, Mark Omernick, Andrew M. Dai, Thanumalayan Sankaranarayana Pillai, Marie Pellat, Aitor Lewkowycz, Erica Moreira, Rewon Child, Oleksandr Polozov, Katherine Lee, Zongwei Zhou, Xuezhi Wang, Brennan Saeta, Mark Diaz, Orhan Firat, Michele Catasta, Jason Wei, Kathy Meier-Hellstern, Douglas Eck, Jeff Dean, Slav Petrov, and Noah Fiedel · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Opt: Open pre-trained transformer language models
Susan Zhang, Stephen Roller, Naman Goyal, Mikel Artetxe, Moya Chen, Shuohui Chen, Christopher Dewan, Mona Diab, Xian Li, Xi Victoria Lin, et al · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Rethinking the role of demonstrations: What makes in-context learning work?
Sewon Min, Xinxi Lyu, Ari Holtzman, Mikel Artetxe, Mike Lewis, Hannaneh Hajishirzi, and Luke Zettlemoyer · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback
Long Ouyang, Jeffrey Wu, Xu Jiang, Diogo Almeida, Carroll Wainwright, Pamela Mishkin, Chong Zhang, Sandhini Agarwal, Katarina Slama, Alex Ray, et al · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Constitutional ai: Harmlessness from ai feedback
Yuntao Bai, Saurav Kadavath, Sandipan Kundu, Amanda Askell, Jackson Kernion, Andy Jones, Anna Chen, Anna Goldie, Azalia Mirhoseini, Cameron McKinnon, et al · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Yuning Mao, Lambert Mathias, Rui Hou, Amjad Almahairi, Hao Ma, Jiawei Han, Scott Yih, and Madian Khabsa · 2022
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Quadapter: Adapter for GPT-2 quantization
Minseop Park, Jaeseong You, Markus Nagel, and Simyung Chang · 2022
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Alphatuning: Quantization-aware parameter-efficient adaptation of large-scale pre-trained language models
Se Jung Kwon, Jeonghoon Kim, Jeongin Bae, Kang Min Yoo, Jin-Hwa Kim, Baeseong Park, Byeongwook Kim, Jung-Woo Ha, Nako Sung, and Dongsoo Lee · 2022
Later among the works it cites.
Peft: State-of-the-art parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods
Sourab Mangrulkar, Sylvain Gugger, Lysandre Debut, Younes Belkada, and Sayak Paul · 2022
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Cross-task generalization via natural language crowdsourcing instructions
Swaroop Mishra, Daniel Khashabi, Chitta Baral, and Hannaneh Hajishirzi · 2022
Later among the works it cites.
Gpt-4 technical report, 2023
OpenAI · 2023
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OPTQ: Accurate quantization for generative pre-trained transformers
Elias Frantar, Saleh Ashkboos, Torsten Hoefler, and Dan Alistarh · 2023
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Toolformer: Language models can teach themselves to use tools
Timo Schick, Jane Dwivedi-Yu, Roberto Dessì, Roberta Raileanu, Maria Lomeli, Luke Zettlemoyer, Nicola Cancedda, and Thomas Scialom · 2023
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Vicuna: An open-source chatbot impressing gpt-4 with 90%* chatgpt quality, March 2023
Wei-Lin Chiang, Zhuohan Li, Zi Lin, Ying Sheng, Zhanghao Wu, Hao Zhang, Lianmin Zheng, Siyuan Zhuang, Yonghao Zhuang, Joseph E. Gonzalez, Ion Stoica, and Eric P. Xing · 2023
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FlexRound: Learnable rounding based on element-wise division for post-training quantization
Jung Hyun Lee, Jeonghoon Kim, Se Jung Kwon, and Dongsoo Lee · 2023
Closest in time.
Jung Hwan Heo, Jeonghoon Kim, Beomseok Kwon, Byeongwook Kim, Se Jung Kwon, and Dongsoo Lee · 2023
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Awq: Activation-aware weight quantization for llm compression and acceleration
Ji Lin, Jiaming Tang, Haotian Tang, Shang Yang, Xingyu Dang, and Song Han · 2023
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SmoothQuant: Accurate and efficient post-training quantization for large language models
Guangxuan Xiao, Ji Lin, Mickael Seznec, Hao Wu, Julien Demouth, and Song Han · 2023
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Lut-gemm: Quantized matrix multiplication based on luts for efficient inference in large-scale generative language models, 2023
Gunho Park, Baeseong Park, Minsub Kim, Sungjae Lee, Jeonghoon Kim, Beomseok Kwon, Se Jung Kwon, Byeongwook Kim, Youngjoo Lee, and Dongsoo Lee · 2023
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Qlora: Efficient finetuning of quantized llms
Tim Dettmers, Artidoro Pagnoni, Ari Holtzman, and Luke Zettlemoyer · 2023
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Stanford alpaca: An instruction-following llama model
Rohan Taori, Ishaan Gulrajani, Tianyi Zhang, Yann Dubois, Xuechen Li, Carlos Guestrin, Percy Liang, and Tatsunori B. Hashimoto · 2023
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Llama-adapter: Efficient fine-tuning of language models with zero-init attention
Renrui Zhang, Jiaming Han, Aojun Zhou, Xiangfei Hu, Shilin Yan, Pan Lu, Hongsheng Li, Peng Gao, and Yu Qiao · 2023
Closest in time.