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Counterspeech has been demonstrated to be an efficacious approach for combating hate speech.
CTRL: A conditional transformer language model for controllable generation
Nitish Shirish Keskar, Bryan McCann, Lav R. Varshney, Caiming Xiong, and Richard Socher. 2019 · 1909
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The equivalence of weighted kappa and the intraclass correlation coefficient as measures of reliability
Joseph L. Fleiss and Jacob Cohen. 1973 · 1973
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Automatic Evaluation of Summaries Using N-gram Co-occurrence Statistics
Chin-Yew Lin and Eduard Hovy. 2003 · 2003
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METEOR: An Automatic Metric for MT Evaluation with Improved Correlation with Human Judgments
Satanjeev Banerjee and Alon Lavie. 2005 · 2005
Earlier work this paper cites.
You Can’t Stay Here: The Efficacy of Reddit’s 2015 Ban Examined Through Hate Speech
Eshwar Chandrasekharan, Umashanthi Pavalanathan, Anirudh Srinivasan, Adam Glynn, Jacob Eisenstein, and Eric Gilbert. 2017 · 2015
Earlier work this paper cites.
Considerations for Successful Counterspeech
Susan Benesch, Derek Ruths, Kelly P Dillon, Haji Mohammad Saleem, and Lucas Wright. 2016 · 2016
Earlier work this paper cites.
Governing Hate Speech By Means of Counterspeech on Facebook
Carla Schieb and Mike Preuss. 2016 · 2016
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A Measurement Study of Hate Speech in Social Media
Mainack Mondal, Leandro Araújo Silva, and Fabrício Benevenuto. 2017 · 2017
Earlier work this paper cites.
Neural Discrete Representation Learning
Aaron van den Oord, Oriol Vinyals, and koray kavukcuoglu. 2017 · 2017
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Attention is All you Need
Ashish Vaswani, Noam Shazeer, Niki Parmar, Jakob Uszkoreit, Llion Jones, Aidan N Gomez, Ł ukasz Kaiser, and Illia Polosukhin. 2017 · 2017
Earlier work this paper cites.
Vectors for Counterspeech on Twitter
Lucas Wright, Derek Ruths, Kelly P Dillon, Haji Mohammad Saleem, and Susan Benesch. 2017 · 2017
Earlier work this paper cites.
Hate Speech Review in the Context of Online Social Networks
Naganna Chetty and Sreejith Alathur. 2018 · 2018
Cited alongside, same era.
SentiGAN: Generating Sentimental Texts via Mixture Adversarial Networks
Ke Wang and Xiaojun Wan. 2018 · 2018
Cited alongside, same era.
CONAN - COunter NArratives through Nichesourcing: a Multilingual Dataset of Responses to Fight Online Hate Speech
Yi-Ling Chung, Elizaveta Kuzmenko, Serra Sinem Tekiroglu, and Marco Guerini. 2019 · 2019
Cited alongside, same era.
Thou Shalt Not Hate: Countering Online Hate Speech
Binny Mathew, Punyajoy Saha, Hardik Tharad, Subham Rajgaria, Prajwal Singhania, Suman Kalyan Maity, Pawan Goyal, and Animesh Mukherjee. 2019 · 2019
Cited alongside, same era.
A Benchmark Dataset for Learning to Intervene in Online Hate Speech
Jing Qian, Anna Bethke, Yinyin Liu, Elizabeth Belding, and William Yang Wang. 2019 · 2019
Cited alongside, same era.
Angrybert: Joint learning target and emotion for hate speech detection
Md. Rabiul Awal, Rui Cao, Roy Ka-Wei Lee, and Sandra Mitrovic. 2021 · 2021
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Deephate: Hate speech detection via multi-faceted text representations
Rui Cao, Roy Ka-Wei Lee, and Tuan-Anh Hoang. 2021 · 2021
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Human-in-the-Loop for Data Collection: a Multi-Target Counter Narrative Dataset to Fight Online Hate Speech
Margherita Fanton, Helena Bonaldi, Serra Sinem Tekiroğlu, and Marco Guerini. 2021 · 2021
Later among the works it cites.
Empathy-Based Counterspeech Can Reduce Racist Hate Speech in a Social Media Field Experiment
Dominik Hangartner, Gloria Gennaro, Sary Alasiri, Nicholas Bahrich, Alexandra Bornhoft, Joseph Boucher, Buket Buse Demirci, Laurenz Derksen, Aldo Hall, Matthias Jochum, et al. 2021 · 2021
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The Adapter-Bot: All-In-One Controllable Conversational Model
Zhaojiang Lin, Andrea Madotto, Yejin Bang, and Pascale Fung. 2021 · 2021
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Nils Reimers and Iryna Gurevych. 2019 · 2019
Cited alongside, same era.
Plug and Play Language Models: A Simple Approach to Controlled Text Generation
Sumanth Dathathri, Andrea Madotto, Janice Lan, Jane Hung, Eric Frank, Piero Molino, Jason Yosinski, and Rosanne Liu. 2020 · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
BART: Denoising Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-training for Natural Language Generation, Translation, and Comprehension
Mike Lewis, Yinhan Liu, Naman Goyal, Marjan Ghazvininejad, Abdelrahman Mohamed, Omer Levy, Veselin Stoyanov, and Luke Zettlemoyer. 2020 · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
Generating Counter Narratives against Online Hate Speech: Data and Strategies
Serra Sinem Tekiroğlu, Yi-Ling Chung, and Marco Guerini. 2020 · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
Transformers: State-of-the-Art Natural Language Processing
Thomas Wolf, Lysandre Debut, Victor Sanh, Julien Chaumond, Clement Delangue, Anthony Moi, Pierric Cistac, Tim Rault, Rémi Louf, Morgan Funtowicz, Joe Davison, Sam Shleifer, Patrick von Platen, Clara Ma, Yacine Jernite, Julien Plu, Canwen Xu, Teven Le Scao, Sylvain Gugger, Mariama Drame, Quentin Lhoest, and Alexander M. Rush. 2020 · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
BERTScore: Evaluating Text Generation with BERT
Tianyi Zhang, Varsha Kishore, Felix Wu, Kilian Q. Weinberger, and Yoav Artzi. 2020a · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
"DIALOGPT : Large-Scale Generative Pre-training for Conversational Response Generation"
Yizhe Zhang, Siqi Sun, Michel Galley, Yen-Chun Chen, Chris Brockett, Xiang Gao, Jianfeng Gao, Jingjing Liu, and Bill Dolan. 2020b
Cited in the paper.
Later among the works it cites.
A Controllable Model of Grounded Response Generation
Zeqiu Wu, Michel Galley, Chris Brockett, Yizhe Zhang, Xiang Gao, Chris Quirk, Rik Koncel-Kedziorski, Jianfeng Gao, Hannaneh Hajishirzi, Mari Ostendorf, and Bill Dolan. 2021 · 2021
Later among the works it cites.
"Generate, Prune, Select: A Pipeline for Counterspeech Generation against Online Hate Speech"
Wanzheng Zhu and Suma Bhat. 2021 · 2021
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Nipping in the bud: detection, diffusion and mitigation of hate speech on social media
Tanmoy Chakraborty and Sarah Masud. 2022 · 2022
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Proactively reducing the hate intensity of online posts via hate speech normalization
Sarah Masud, Manjot Bedi, Mohammad Aflah Khan, Md. Shad Akhtar, and Tanmoy Chakraborty. 2022 · 2022
Later among the works it cites.
CounterGeDi: A Controllable Approach to Generate Polite, Detoxified and Emotional Counterspeech
Punyajoy Saha, Kanishk Singh, Adarsh Kumar, Binny Mathew, and Animesh Mukherjee. 2022 · 2022
Later among the works it cites.