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Modern systems for multi-hop question answering (QA) typically break questions into a sequence of reasoning steps, termed chain-of-thought (CoT), before arriving at a final answer.
Towards a human-like open-domain chatbot
Daniel De Freitas, Minh-Thang Luong, David R. So, Jamie Hall, Noah Fiedel, Romal Thoppilan, Zi Yang, Apoorv Kulshreshtha, Gaurav Nemade, Yifeng Lu, and Quoc V. Le. 2020 · 2001
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ROUGE: A package for automatic evaluation of summaries
Chin-Yew Lin. 2004 · 2004
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The web as a knowledge-base for answering complex questions
Alon Talmor and Jonathan Berant. 2018 · 2018
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Constructing datasets for multi-hop reading comprehension across documents
Johannes Welbl, Pontus Stenetorp, and Sebastian Riedel. 2018 · 2018
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HotpotQA: A dataset for diverse, explainable multi-hop question answering
Zhilin Yang, Peng Qi, Saizheng Zhang, Yoshua Bengio, William Cohen, Ruslan Salakhutdinov, and Christopher D. Manning. 2018 · 2018
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QuaRTz: An open-domain dataset of qualitative relationship questions
Oyvind Tafjord, Matt Gardner, Kevin Lin, and Peter Clark. 2019 · 2019
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Towards a human-like open-domain chatbot
Daniel Adiwardana, Minh-Thang Luong, David R. So, Jamie Hall, Noah Fiedel, Romal Thoppilan, Zi Yang, Apoorv Kulshreshtha, Gaurav Nemade, Yifeng Lu, and Quoc V. Le. 2020 · 2020
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Language models are few-shot learners
Tom B. Brown, Benjamin Mann, Nick Ryder, Melanie Subbiah, Jared Kaplan, Prafulla Dhariwal, Arvind Neelakantan, Pranav Shyam, Girish Sastry, Amanda Askell, Sandhini Agarwal, Ariel Herbert-Voss, Gretchen Krueger, Tom Henighan, Rewon Child, Aditya Ramesh, Daniel M. Ziegler, Jeffrey Wu, Clemens Winter, Christopher Hesse, Mark Chen, Eric Sigler, Mateusz Litwin, Scott Gray, Benjamin Chess, Jack Clark, Christopher Berner, Sam McCandlish, Alec Radford, Ilya Sutskever, and Dario Amodei. 2020 · 2020
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Towards faithfully interpretable NLP systems: How should we define and evaluate faithfulness?
Alon Jacovi and Yoav Goldberg. 2020 · 2020
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Dense passage retrieval for open-domain question answering
Vladimir Karpukhin, Barlas Oguz, Sewon Min, Patrick Lewis, Ledell Wu, Sergey Edunov, Danqi Chen, and Wen-tau Yih. 2020 · 2020
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Colbert: Efficient and effective passage search via contextualized late interaction over BERT
Omar Khattab and Matei Zaharia. 2020 · 2020
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Break it down: A question understanding benchmark
Tomer Wolfson, Mor Geva, Ankit Gupta, Matt Gardner, Yoav Goldberg, Daniel Deutch, and Jonathan Berant. 2020 · 2020
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Feverous: Fact extraction and verification over unstructured and structured information
Rami Aly, Zhijiang Guo, M. Schlichtkrull, James Thorne, Andreas Vlachos, Christos Christodoulopoulos, Oana Cocarascu, and Arpit Mittal. 2021 · 2021
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Training verifiers to solve math word problems
Karl Cobbe, Vineet Kosaraju, Mohammad Bavarian, Mark Chen, Heewoo Jun, Lukasz Kaiser, Matthias Plappert, Jerry Tworek, Jacob Hilton, Reiichiro Nakano, et al. 2021 · 2021
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Did aristotle use a laptop? a question answering benchmark with implicit reasoning strategies
Mor Geva, Daniel Khashabi, Elad Segal, Tushar Khot, Dan Roth, and Jonathan Berant. 2021 · 2021
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How much coffee was consumed during EMNLP 2019? fermi problems: A new reasoning challenge for AI
Ashwin Kalyan, Abhinav Kumar, Arjun Chandrasekaran, Ashish Sabharwal, and Peter Clark. 2021 · 2021
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Multimodalqa: complex question answering over text, tables and images
Alon Talmor, Ori Yoran, Amnon Catav, Dan Lahav, Yizhong Wang, Akari Asai, Gabriel Ilharco, Hannaneh Hajishirzi, and Jonathan Berant. 2021 · 2021
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Palm: Scaling language modeling with pathways
Aakanksha Chowdhery, Sharan Narang, Jacob Devlin, Maarten Bosma, Gaurav Mishra, Adam Roberts, Paul Barham, Hyung Won Chung, Charles Sutton, Sebastian Gehrmann, Parker Schuh, Kensen Shi, Sasha Tsvyashchenko, Joshua Maynez, Abhishek Rao, Parker Barnes, Yi Tay, Noam M. Shazeer, Vinodkumar Prabhakaran, Emily Reif, Nan Du, Benton C. Hutchinson, Reiner Pope, James Bradbury, Jacob Austin, Michael Isard, Guy Gur-Ari, Pengcheng Yin, Toju Duke, Anselm Levskaya, Sanjay Ghemawat, Sunipa Dev, Henryk Michalewski, Xavier García, Vedant Misra, Kevin Robinson, Liam Fedus, Denny Zhou, Daphne Ippolito, David Luan, Hyeontaek Lim, Barret Zoph, Alexander Spiridonov, Ryan Sepassi, David Dohan, Shivani Agrawal, Mark Omernick, Andrew M. Dai, Thanumalayan Sankaranarayana Pillai, Marie Pellat, Aitor Lewkowycz, Erica Moreira, Rewon Child, Oleksandr Polozov, Katherine Lee, Zongwei Zhou, Xuezhi Wang, Brennan Saeta, Mark Díaz, Orhan Firat, Michele Catasta, Jason Wei, Kathleen S. Meier-Hellstern, Douglas Eck, Jeff Dean, Slav Petrov, and Noah Fiedel. 2022 · 2022
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Selection-inference: Exploiting large language models for interpretable logical reasoning
Antonia Creswell, Murray Shanahan, and Irina Higgins. 2022 · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Complexity-based prompting for multi-step reasoning
Yao Fu, Hao-Chun Peng, Ashish Sabharwal, Peter Clark, and Tushar Khot. 2022 · 2022
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Rarr: Researching and revising what language models say, using language models
Luyu Gao, Zhuyun Dai, Panupong Pasupat, Anthony Chen, Arun Tejasvi Chaganty, Yicheng Fan, Vincent Y. Zhao, Ni Lao, Hongrae Lee, Da-Cheng Juan, and Kelvin Guu. 2022 · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Rethinking with retrieval: Faithful large language model inference
Hangfeng He, Hongming Zhang, and Dan Roth. 2022 · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
STar: Bootstrapping reasoning with reasoning
Eric Zelikman, Yuhuai Wu, Jesse Mu, and Noah Goodman. 2022 · 2022
Later among the works it cites.
Least-to-most prompting enables complex reasoning in large language models
Denny Zhou, Nathanael Scharli, Le Hou, Jason Wei, Nathan Scales, Xuezhi Wang, Dale Schuurmans, Olivier Bousquet, Quoc Le, and Ed Huai hsin Chi. 2022 · 2022
Later among the works it cites.
Teaching large language models to self-debug
Xinyun Chen, Maxwell Lin, Nathanael Schärli, and Denny Zhou. 2023 · 2023
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Vicuna: An open-source chatbot impressing gpt-4 with 90%* chatgpt quality
Wei-Lin Chiang, Zhuohan Li, Zi Lin, Ying Sheng, Zhanghao Wu, Hao Zhang, Lianmin Zheng, Siyuan Zhuang, Yonghao Zhuang, Joseph E. Gonzalez, Ion Stoica, and Eric P. Xing. 2023 · 2023
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Decomposed prompting: A modular approach for solving complex tasks
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Jie Huang and Kevin Chen-Chuan Chang. 2022 · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Language models (mostly) know what they know
Saurav Kadavath, Tom Conerly, Amanda Askell, T. J. Henighan, Dawn Drain, Ethan Perez, Nicholas Schiefer, Zachary Dodds, Nova DasSarma, Eli Tran-Johnson, Scott Johnston, Sheer El-Showk, Andy Jones, Nelson Elhage, Tristan Hume, Anna Chen, Yuntao Bai, Sam Bowman, Stanislav Fort, Deep Ganguli, Danny Hernandez, Josh Jacobson, John Kernion, Shauna Kravec, Liane Lovitt, Kamal Ndousse, Catherine Olsson, Sam Ringer, Dario Amodei, Tom B. Brown, Jack Clark, Nicholas Joseph, Benjamin Mann, Sam McCandlish, Christopher Olah, and Jared Kaplan. 2022 · 2022
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Demonstrate-search-predict: Composing retrieval and language models for knowledge-intensive nlp
O. Khattab, Keshav Santhanam, Xiang Lisa Li, David Leo Wright Hall, Percy Liang, Christopher Potts, and Matei A. Zaharia. 2022 · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Large language models are zero-shot reasoners
Takeshi Kojima, Shixiang Shane Gu, Machel Reid, Yutaka Matsuo, and Yusuke Iwasawa. 2022 · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
On the advance of making language models better reasoners
Yifei Li, Zeqi Lin, Shizhuo Zhang, Qiang Fu, Bei Chen, Jian-Guang Lou, and Weizhu Chen. 2022 · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
A survey of deep learning for mathematical reasoning
Pan Lu, Liang Qiu, Wenhao Yu, Sean Welleck, and Kai-Wei Chang. 2022 · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Show your work: Scratchpads for intermediate computation with language models
Maxwell Nye, Anders Johan Andreassen, Guy Gur-Ari, Henryk Michalewski, Jacob Austin, David Bieber, David Dohan, Aitor Lewkowycz, Maarten Bosma, David Luan, Charles Sutton, and Augustus Odena. 2022 · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Measuring and narrowing the compositionality gap in language models
Ofir Press, Muru Zhang, Sewon Min, Ludwig Schmidt, Noah A. Smith, and Mike Lewis. 2022 · 2022
Cited alongside, same era.
Tushar Khot, Harsh Trivedi, Matthew Finlayson, Yao Fu, Kyle Richardson, Peter Clark, and Ashish Sabharwal. 2023 · 2023
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Internet-augmented language models through few-shot prompting for open-domain question answering
Angeliki Lazaridou, Elena Gribovskaya, Wojciech Jan Stokowiec, and Nikolai Grigorev. 2023 · 2023
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Self-refine: Iterative refinement with self-feedback
Aman Madaan, Niket Tandon, Prakhar Gupta, Skyler Hallinan, Luyu Gao, Sarah Wiegreffe, Uri Alon, Nouha Dziri, Shrimai Prabhumoye, Yiming Yang, Shashank Gupta, Bodhisattwa Prasad Majumder, Katherine Hermann, Sean Welleck, Amir Yazdanbakhsh, and Peter Clark. 2023 · 2023
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Art: Automatic multi-step reasoning and tool-use for large language models
Bhargavi Paranjape, Scott M. Lundberg, Sameer Singh, Hanna Hajishirzi, Luke Zettlemoyer, and Marco Tulio Ribeiro. 2023 · 2023
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Refiner: Reasoning feedback on intermediate representations
Debjit Paul, Mete Ismayilzada, Maxime Peyrard, Beatriz Borges, Antoine Bosselut, Robert West, and Boi Faltings. 2023 · 2023
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In-context retrieval-augmented language models
Ori Ram, Yoav Levine, Itay Dalmedigos, Dor Muhlgay, Amnon Shashua, Kevin Leyton-Brown, and Yoav Shoham. 2023 · 2023
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Reflexion: Language agents with verbal reinforcement learning
Noah Shinn, Federico Cassano, Edward Berman, Ashwin Gopinath, Karthik Narasimhan, and Shunyu Yao. 2023 · 2023
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Recitation-augmented language models
Zhiqing Sun, Xuezhi Wang, Yi Tay, Yiming Yang, and Denny Zhou. 2023 · 2023
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Stanford alpaca: An instruction-following llama model
Rohan Taori, Ishaan Gulrajani, Tianyi Zhang, Yann Dubois, Xuechen Li, Carlos Guestrin, Percy Liang, and Tatsunori B. Hashimoto. 2023 · 2023
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Llama: Open and efficient foundation language models
Hugo Touvron, Thibaut Lavril, Gautier Izacard, Xavier Martinet, Marie-Anne Lachaux, Timothée Lacroix, Baptiste Rozière, Naman Goyal, Eric Hambro, Faisal Azhar, Aur’elien Rodriguez, Armand Joulin, Edouard Grave, and Guillaume Lample. 2023 · 2023
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Self-consistency improves chain of thought reasoning in language models
Xuezhi Wang, Jason Wei, Dale Schuurmans, Quoc V Le, Ed H. Chi, Sharan Narang, Aakanksha Chowdhery, and Denny Zhou. 2023 · 2023
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Tree of thoughts: Deliberate problem solving with large language models
Shunyu Yao, Dian Yu, Jeffrey Zhao, Izhak Shafran, Thomas L. Griffiths, Yuan Cao, and Karthik Narasimhan. 2023 · 2023
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Making retrieval-augmented language models robust to irrelevant context
Ori Yoran, Tomer Wolfson, Ori Ram, and Jonathan Berant. 2023 · 2023
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