The structure of totally disconnected Host--Kra--Ziegler factors, and the inverse theorem for the $U^k$ Gowers uniformity norms on finite abelian groups of bounded torsion

Understand

Let $\Gamma$ be a countable abelian group, let $k\geq 1$, and let $\mathrm{X}=(X,\mathcal{X},\mu,T)$ be an ergodic $\Gamma$-system of order $k$ in the sense of Host--Kra--Ziegler.

• The $\Gamma$-system $\mathrm{X}$ is said to be totally disconnected if all its structure groups are totally disconnected.
• We show that any totally disconnected $\Gamma$-system of order $k$ is a generalized factor of a $\mathbb{Z}^\omega$-system with the structure of a Weyl system.
• As a consequence of this structure theorem, we show that totally disconnected $\Gamma$-systems of order $k$ are represented by translations on double cosets of nilpotent Polish groups.