Gravitational wave constraints on non-birefringent dispersions of gravitational waves due to Lorentz violations with GWTC-3

Understand

The standard model extension (SME) is an effective field theory framework that can be used to study the possible violations of Lorentz symmetry in the gravitational interaction.

• In the SME's gauge invariant linearized gravity sector, the dispersion relation of GWs is modified, resulting in anisotropy, birefringence, and dispersion effects in the propagation of GWs.
• In this paper, we mainly focus on the non-birefringent and anisotropic dispersion relation in the propagation of GWs due to the violation of Lorentz symmetry.
• With the modified dispersion relation, we calculate the corresponding modified waveform of GWs generated by the coalescence of compact binaries.