Design, construction and commissioning of the PandaX-30T liquid xenon management system

Understand

The PandaX-30T is a proposed next-generation experiment to study dark matter and neutrinos using a dual-phase time projection chamber with \textasciitilde30 tons of liquid xenon.

• An innovative xenon handling subsystem of the PandaX-30T, the First-X, is described in this paper.
• The First-X is developed to handle liquid xenon safely and efficiently, including liquefying and long-term storing xenon without losses or contamination, and transferring cryogenic liquid xenon between the storage module and the detector safely and effectively without venting out.
• The storage module of the First-X is five specially designed double-walled cylindrical vessels (Center Tanks) equipped with three heat exchangers each for pressure and temperature regulation.