Hubble tension as a guide for refining the early Universe: Cosmologies with explicit local Lorentz and diffeomorphism violation

Understand

This paper is dedicated to assessing modified cosmological settings based on the gravitational Standard-Model Extension (SME).

• Our analysis rests upon the Hubble tension (HT), which is a discrepancy between the observational determination of the Hubble parameter via data from the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and Type Ia supernovae, respectively.
• While the latter approach is model-independent, the former highly depends on the model used to describe the physics of the early Universe.
• Motivated by the HT, we take into account two recently introduced cosmological models as test frameworks of the pre-CMB era.