Quantum advantage and stability to errors in analogue quantum simulators

Understand

Several quantum hardware platforms, while being unable to perform fully fault-tolerant quantum computation, can still be operated as analogue quantum simulators for addressing many-body problems.

• However, due to the presence of errors, it is not clear to what extent those devices can provide us with an advantage with respect to classical computers.
• In this work we consider the use of noisy analogue quantum simulators for computing physically relevant properties of many-body systems both in equilibrium and undergoing dynamics.
• We first formulate a system-size independent notion of stability against extensive errors, which we prove for Gaussian fermion models, as well as for a restricted class of spin systems.