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We introduce GLM-130B, a bilingual (English and Chinese) pre-trained language model with 130 billion parameters.
A bridging model for parallel computation
Leslie G Valiant · 1990
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The genia corpus: An annotated research abstract corpus in molecular biology domain
Tomoko Ohta, Yuka Tateisi, and Jin-Dong Kim · 2002
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Introduction to the conll-2003 shared task: Language-independent named entity recognition
Erik F. Tjong Kim Sang and Fien De Meulder · 2003
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ROUGE: A package for automatic evaluation of summaries
Chin-Yew Lin · 2004
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A linear programming formulation for global inference in natural language tasks
Dan Roth and Wen-tau Yih · 2004
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Introduction to the conll-2005 shared task: Semantic role labeling
Xavier Carreras and Lluís Màrquez · 2005
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ACE 2005 Multilingual Training Corpus
C. Walker and Linguistic Data Consortium · 2005
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Modeling relations and their mentions without labeled text
Sebastian Riedel, Limin Yao, and Andrew McCallum · 2010
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The winograd schema challenge
Hector Levesque, Ernest Davis, and Leora Morgenstern · 2012
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Semantic parsing on freebase from question-answer pairs
Jonathan Berant, Andrew Chou, Roy Frostig, and Percy Liang · 2013
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Towards robust linguistic analysis using ontonotes
Sameer Pradhan, Alessandro Moschitti, Nianwen Xue, Hwee Tou Ng, Anders Björkelund, Olga Uryupina, Yuchen Zhang, and Zhi Zhong · 2013
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Jimmy Lei Ba, Jamie Ryan Kiros, and Geoffrey E Hinton · 2016
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Gaussian error linear units (gelus)
Dan Hendrycks and Kevin Gimpel · 2016
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The lambada dataset: Word prediction requiring a broad discourse context
Denis Paperno, Germán Kruszewski, Angeliki Lazaridou, Ngoc-Quan Pham, Raffaella Bernardi, Sandro Pezzelle, Marco Baroni, Gemma Boleda, and Raquel Fernández · 2016
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Triviaqa: A large scale distantly supervised challenge dataset for reading comprehension
Mandar Joshi, Eunsol Choi, Daniel S Weld, and Luke Zettlemoyer · 2017
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Attention is all you need
Ashish Vaswani, Noam Shazeer, Niki Parmar, Jakob Uszkoreit, Llion Jones, Aidan N Gomez, Łukasz Kaiser, and Illia Polosukhin · 2017
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Position-aware attention and supervised data improve slot filling
Yuhao Zhang, Victor Zhong, Danqi Chen, Gabor Angeli, and Christopher D. Manning · 2017
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Think you have solved question answering? try arc, the ai2 reasoning challenge
Peter Clark, Isaac Cowhey, Oren Etzioni, Tushar Khot, Ashish Sabharwal, Carissa Schoenick, and Oyvind Tafjord · 2018
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T-rex: A large scale alignment of natural language with knowledge base triples
Hady Elsahar, Pavlos Vougiouklis, Arslen Remaci, Christophe Gravier, Jonathon Hare, Frederique Laforest, and Elena Simperl · 2018
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Generating wikipedia by summarizing long sequences
Peter J Liu, Mohammad Saleh, Etienne Pot, Ben Goodrich, Ryan Sepassi, Lukasz Kaiser, and Noam Shazeer · 2018
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Mixed precision training
Paulius Micikevicius, Sharan Narang, Jonah Alben, Gregory Diamos, Erich Elsen, David Garcia, Boris Ginsburg, Michael Houston, Oleksii Kuchaiev, Ganesh Venkatesh, and Hao Wu · 2018
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Can a suit of armor conduct electricity? a new dataset for open book question answering
Todor Mihaylov, Peter Clark, Tushar Khot, and Ashish Sabharwal · 2018
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Improving language understanding with unsupervised learning
Alec Radford, Karthik Narasimhan, Tim Salimans, and Ilya Sutskever · 2018
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Gender bias in coreference resolution
Rachel Rudinger, Jason Naradowsky, Brian Leonard, and Benjamin Van Durme · 2018
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Zero-shot learning—a comprehensive evaluation of the good, the bad and the ugly
Yongqin Xian, Christoph H Lampert, Bernt Schiele, and Zeynep Akata · 2018
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Transformer-xl: Attentive language models beyond a fixed-length context
Zihang Dai, Zhilin Yang, Yiming Yang, Jaime G Carbonell, Quoc Le, and Ruslan Salakhutdinov · 2019
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Bert: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding
Jacob Devlin, Ming-Wei Chang, Kenton Lee, and Kristina Toutanova · 2019
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Unified language model pre-training for natural language understanding and generation
Li Dong, Nan Yang, Wenhui Wang, Furu Wei, Xiaodong Liu, Yu Wang, Jianfeng Gao, Ming Zhou, and Hsiao-Wuen Hon · 2019
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Semantic noise matters for neural natural language generation
Ondřej Dušek, David M. Howcroft, and Verena Rieser · 2019
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Reducing transformer depth on demand with structured dropout
Angela Fan, Edouard Grave, and Armand Joulin · 2019
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GLTR: Statistical detection and visualization of generated text
Sebastian Gehrmann, Hendrik Strobelt, and Alexander Rush · 2019
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Parameter-efficient transfer learning for nlp
Neil Houlsby, Andrei Giurgiu, Stanislaw Jastrzebski, Bruna Morrone, Quentin De Laroussilhe, Andrea Gesmundo, Mona Attariyan, and Sylvain Gelly · 2019
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Gpipe: Efficient training of giant neural networks using pipeline parallelism
Yanping Huang, Youlong Cheng, Ankur Bapna, Orhan Firat, Dehao Chen, Mia Chen, HyoukJoong Lee, Jiquan Ngiam, Quoc V Le, Yonghui Wu, et al · 2019
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Natural questions: a benchmark for question answering research
Tom Kwiatkowski, Jennimaria Palomaki, Olivia Redfield, Michael Collins, Ankur Parikh, Chris Alberti, Danielle Epstein, Illia Polosukhin, Jacob Devlin, Kenton Lee, et al · 2019
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Quantifying the carbon emissions of machine learning
Alexandre Lacoste, Alexandra Luccioni, Victor Schmidt, and Thomas Dandres · 2019
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Decoupled weight decay regularization
Ilya Loshchilov and Frank Hutter · 2019
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Are sixteen heads really better than one?
Paul Michel, Omer Levy, and Graham Neubig · 2019
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Language models are unsupervised multitask learners
Alec Radford, Jeffrey Wu, Rewon Child, David Luan, Dario Amodei, Ilya Sutskever, et al · 2019
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Distilbert, a distilled version of bert: smaller, faster, cheaper and lighter
Victor Sanh, Lysandre Debut, Julien Chaumond, and Thomas Wolf · 2019
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Megatron-lm: Training multi-billion parameter language models using model parallelism
Mohammad Shoeybi, Mostofa Patwary, Raul Puri, Patrick LeGresley, Jared Casper, and Bryan Catanzaro · 2019
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Energy and policy considerations for deep learning in NLP
Emma Strubell, Ananya Ganesh, and Andrew McCallum · 2019
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Commonsenseqa: A question answering challenge targeting commonsense knowledge
Alon Talmor, Jonathan Herzig, Nicholas Lourie, and Jonathan Berant · 2019
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Entity, relation, and event extraction with contextualized span representations
David Wadden, Ulme Wennberg, Yi Luan, and Hannaneh Hajishirzi · 2019
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SuperGLUE: A Stickier Benchmark for General-Purpose Language Understanding Systems
Alex Wang, Yada Pruksachatkun, Nikita Nangia, Amanpreet Singh, Julian Michael, Felix Hill, Omer Levy, and Samuel R. Bowman · 2019
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Q8bert: Quantized 8bit bert
Ofir Zafrir, Guy Boudoukh, Peter Izsak, and Moshe Wasserblat · 2019
Cited alongside, same era.
“going on a vacation” takes longer than “going for a walk”: A study of temporal commonsense understanding
Ben Zhou, Daniel Khashabi, Qiang Ning, and Dan Roth · 2019
Cited alongside, same era.
Piqa: Reasoning about physical commonsense in natural language
Yonatan Bisk, Rowan Zellers, Jianfeng Gao, Yejin Choi, et al · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
Language models are few-shot learners
Tom Brown, Benjamin Mann, Nick Ryder, Melanie Subbiah, Jared D Kaplan, Prafulla Dhariwal, Arvind Neelakantan, Pranav Shyam, Girish Sastry, Amanda Askell, et al · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
Jurassic-1: Technical details and evaluation
Opher Lieber, Or Sharir, Barak Lenz, and Yoav Shoham · 2021
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Stereoset: Measuring stereotypical bias in pretrained language models
Moin Nadeem, Anna Bethke, and Siva Reddy · 2021
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Memory-efficient pipeline-parallel dnn training
Deepak Narayanan, Amar Phanishayee, Kaiyu Shi, Xie Chen, and Matei Zaharia · 2021
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Carbon emissions and large neural network training
David A. Patterson, Joseph Gonzalez, Quoc V. Le, Chen Liang, Lluis-Miquel Munguia, Daniel Rothchild, David R. So, Maud Texier, and Jeff Dean · 2021
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Train short, test long: Attention with linear biases enables input length extrapolation
Ofir Press, Noah Smith, and Mike Lewis · 2021
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Thiago Castro Ferreira, Claire Gardent, Nikolai Ilinykh, Chris van der Lee, Simon Mille, Diego Moussallem, and Anastasia Shimorina · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
Multiwoz 2.1: A consolidated multi-domain dialogue dataset with state corrections and state tracking baselines
Mihail Eric, Rahul Goel, Shachi Paul, Abhishek Sethi, Sanchit Agarwal, Shuyang Gao, Adarsh Kumar, Anuj Kumar Goyal, Peter Ku, and Dilek Hakkani-Tür · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
The pile: An 800gb dataset of diverse text for language modeling
Leo Gao, Stella Biderman, Sid Black, Laurence Golding, Travis Hoppe, Charles Foster, Jason Phang, Horace He, Anish Thite, Noa Nabeshima, et al · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
Realtoxicityprompts: Evaluating Neural Toxic Degeneration in Language Models
Samuel Gehman, Suchin Gururangan, Maarten Sap, Yejin Choi, and Noah A. Smith · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
Tinybert: Distilling bert for natural language understanding
Xiaoqi Jiao, Yichun Yin, Lifeng Shang, Xin Jiang, Xiao Chen, Linlin Li, Fang Wang, and Qun Liu · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
Ethos: an online hate speech detection dataset
Ioannis Mollas, Zoe Chrysopoulou, Stamatis Karlos, and Grigorios Tsoumakas · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
Crows-pairs: A challenge dataset for measuring social biases in masked language models
Nikita Nangia, Clara Vania, Rasika Bhalerao, and Samuel Bowman · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
Amy Pu, Hyung Won Chung, Ankur Parikh, Sebastian Gehrmann, and Thibault Sellam · 2021
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Scaling language models: Methods, analysis & insights from training gopher
Jack W Rae, Sebastian Borgeaud, Trevor Cai, Katie Millican, Jordan Hoffmann, Francis Song, John Aslanides, Sarah Henderson, Roman Ring, Susannah Young, et al · 2021
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Zero-shot text-to-image generation
Aditya Ramesh, Mikhail Pavlov, Gabriel Goh, Scott Gray, Chelsea Voss, Alec Radford, Mark Chen, and Ilya Sutskever · 2021
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Winogrande: An adversarial winograd schema challenge at scale
Keisuke Sakaguchi, Ronan Le Bras, Chandra Bhagavatula, and Yejin Choi · 2021
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Self-diagnosis and self-debiasing: A proposal for reducing corpus-based bias in nlp
Timo Schick, Sahana Udupa, and Hinrich Schütze · 2021
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Societal biases in language generation: Progress and challenges
Emily Sheng, Kai-Wei Chang, P. Natarajan, and Nanyun Peng · 2021
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Normformer: Improved transformer pretraining with extra normalization
Sam Shleifer, Jason Weston, and Myle Ott · 2021
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Roformer: Enhanced transformer with rotary position embedding
Jianlin Su, Yu Lu, Shengfeng Pan, Bo Wen, and Yunfeng Liu · 2021
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GPT-J-6B: A 6 Billion Parameter Autoregressive Language Model
Ben Wang and Aran Komatsuzaki · 2021
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Shuohuan Wang, Yu Sun, Yang Xiang, Zhihua Wu, Siyu Ding, Weibao Gong, Shikun Feng, Junyuan Shang, Yanbin Zhao, Chao Pang, et al · 2021
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Ethical and social risks of harm from language models
Laura Weidinger, John Mellor, Maribeth Rauh, Conor Griffin, Jonathan Uesato, Po-Sen Huang, Myra Cheng, Mia Glaese, Borja Balle, Atoosa Kasirzadeh, et al · 2021
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Yuan 1.0: Large-scale pre-trained language model in zero-shot and few-shot learning
Shaohua Wu, Xudong Zhao, Tong Yu, Rongguo Zhang, Chong Shen, Hongli Liu, Feng Li, Hong Zhu, Jiangang Luo, Liang Xu, et al · 2021
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Fewclue: A chinese few-shot learning evaluation benchmark
Liang Xu, Xiaojing Lu, Chenyang Yuan, Xuanwei Zhang, Huilin Xu, Hu Yuan, Guoao Wei, Xiang Pan, Xin Tian, Libo Qin, et al · 2021
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Wudaocorpora: A super large-scale chinese corpora for pre-training language models
Sha Yuan, Hanyu Zhao, Zhengxiao Du, Ming Ding, Xiao Liu, Yukuo Cen, Xu Zou, Zhilin Yang, and Jie Tang · 2021
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Wei Zeng, Xiaozhe Ren, Teng Su, Hui Wang, Yi Liao, Zhiwei Wang, Xin Jiang, ZhenZhang Yang, Kaisheng Wang, Xiaoda Zhang, et al · 2021
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Counterfactual memorization in neural language models
Chiyuan Zhang, Daphne Ippolito, Katherine Lee, Matthew Jagielski, Florian Tramèr, and Nicholas Carlini · 2021
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Modifying memories in transformer models
Chen Zhu, Ankit Singh Rawat, Manzil Zaheer, Srinadh Bhojanapalli, Daliang Li, Felix X. Yu, and Sanjiv Kumar · 2021
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Ext5: Towards extreme multi-task scaling for transfer learning
Vamsi Aribandi, Yi Tay, Tal Schuster, Jinfeng Rao, Huaixiu Steven Zheng, Sanket Vaibhav Mehta, Honglei Zhuang, Vinh Q Tran, Dara Bahri, Jianmo Ni, et al · 2022
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Promptsource: An integrated development environment and repository for natural language prompts
Stephen Bach, Victor Sanh, Zheng Xin Yong, Albert Webson, Colin Raffel, Nihal V Nayak, Abheesht Sharma, Taewoon Kim, M Saiful Bari, Thibault Févry, et al · 2022
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Gpt-neox-20b: An open-source autoregressive language model
Sidney Black, Stella Biderman, Eric Hallahan, Quentin Anthony, Leo Gao, Laurence Golding, Horace He, Connor Leahy, Kyle McDonell, Jason Phang, et al · 2022
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Palm: Scaling language modeling with pathways
Aakanksha Chowdhery, Sharan Narang, Jacob Devlin, Maarten Bosma, Gaurav Mishra, Adam Roberts, Paul Barham, Hyung Won Chung, Charles Sutton, Sebastian Gehrmann, et al · 2022
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Llm. int8 (): 8-bit matrix multiplication for transformers at scale
Tim Dettmers, Mike Lewis, Younes Belkada, and Luke Zettlemoyer · 2022
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Glm: General language model pretraining with autoregressive blank infilling
Zhengxiao Du, Yujie Qian, Xiao Liu, Ming Ding, Jiezhong Qiu, Zhilin Yang, and Jie Tang · 2022
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Training compute-optimal large language models
Jordan Hoffmann, Sebastian Borgeaud, Arthur Mensch, Elena Buchatskaya, Trevor Cai, Eliza Rutherford, Diego de Las Casas, Lisa Anne Hendricks, Johannes Welbl, Aidan Clark, et al · 2022
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Cogvideo: Large-scale pretraining for text-to-video generation via transformers
Wenyi Hong, Ming Ding, Wendi Zheng, Xinghan Liu, and Jie Tang · 2022
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TruthfulQA: Measuring how models mimic human falsehoods
Stephanie Lin, Jacob Hilton, and Owain Evans · 2022
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P-tuning: Prompt tuning can be comparable to fine-tuning across scales and tasks
Xiao Liu, Kaixuan Ji, Yicheng Fu, Weng Tam, Zhengxiao Du, Zhilin Yang, and Jie Tang · 2022
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Memory-based model editing at scale
Eric Mitchell, Charles Lin, Antoine Bosselut, Christopher D. Manning, and Chelsea Finn · 2022
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Multitask prompted training enables zero-shot task generalization
Victor Sanh, Albert Webson, Colin Raffel, Stephen Bach, Lintang Sutawika, Zaid Alyafeai, Antoine Chaffin, Arnaud Stiegler, Teven Le Scao, Arun Raja, et al · 2022
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Bloom: A 176b-parameter open-access multilingual language model
Teven Le Scao, Angela Fan, Christopher Akiki, Ellie Pavlick, Suzana Ilić, Daniel Hesslow, Roman Castagné, Alexandra Sasha Luccioni, François Yvon, Matthias Gallé, et al · 2022
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Shaden Smith, Mostofa Patwary, Brandon Norick, Patrick LeGresley, Samyam Rajbhandari, Jared Casper, Zhun Liu, Shrimai Prabhumoye, George Zerveas, Vijay Korthikanti, et al · 2022
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Beyond the imitation game: Quantifying and extrapolating the capabilities of language models
Aarohi Srivastava, Abhinav Rastogi, Abhishek Rao, Abu Awal Md Shoeb, Abubakar Abid, Adam Fisch, Adam R Brown, Adam Santoro, Aditya Gupta, Adrià Garriga-Alonso, et al · 2022
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Compression of generative pre-trained language models via quantization
Chaofan Tao, Lu Hou, Wei Zhang, Lifeng Shang, Xin Jiang, Qun Liu, Ping Luo, and Ngai Wong · 2022
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Lamda: Language models for dialog applications
Romal Thoppilan, Daniel De Freitas, Jamie Hall, Noam Shazeer, Apoorv Kulshreshtha, Heng-Tze Cheng, Alicia Jin, Taylor Bos, Leslie Baker, Yu Du, et al · 2022
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Accelerated inference for large transformer models using nvidia triton inference server
Denis Timonin, Bo Yang Hsueh, and Vinh Nguyen · 2022
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Deepstruct: Pretraining of language models for structure prediction
Chenguang Wang, Xiao Liu, Zui Chen, Haoyun Hong, Jie Tang, and Dawn Song · 2022
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Opt: Open pre-trained transformer language models
Susan Zhang, Stephen Roller, Naman Goyal, Mikel Artetxe, Moya Chen, Shuohui Chen, Christopher Dewan, Mona Diab, Xian Li, Xi Victoria Lin, et al · 2022
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