Quantum Computation for Periodic Solids in Second Quantization

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In this work, we present a quantum algorithm for ground-state energy calculations of periodic solids on error-corrected quantum computers.

• The algorithm is based on the sparse qubitization approach in second quantization and developed for Bloch and Wannier basis sets.
• We show that Wannier functions require less computational resources with respect to Bloch functions because: (i) the L$_1$ norm of the Hamiltonian is considerably lower and (ii) the translational symmetry of Wannier functions can be exploited in order to reduce the amount of classical data that must be loaded into the quantum computer.
• The resource requirements of the quantum algorithm are estimated for periodic solids such as NiO and PdO.