Overcoming exponential scaling with system size in Trotter-Suzuki implementations of constrained Hamiltonians: 2+1 U(1) lattice gauge theories

Understand

For many quantum systems of interest, the classical computational cost of simulating their time evolution scales exponentially in the system size.

• At the same time, quantum computers have been shown to allow for simulations of some of these systems using resources that scale polynomially with the system size.
• Given the potential for using quantum computers for simulations that are not feasible using classical devices, it is paramount that one studies the scaling of quantum algorithms carefully.
• This work identifies a term in the Hamiltonian of a class of constrained systems that naively requires quantum resources that scale exponentially in the system size.