Signature change of the emergent space-time in the IKKT matrix model

Understand

The IKKT matrix model (or the type IIB matrix model) is known as a promising candidate for a nonperturbative formulation of superstring theory in ten dimensions.

• As a most attractive feature, the model admits the emergence of (3+1)-dimensional space-time associated with the spontaneous breaking of the (9+1)-dimensional Lorentz symmetry.
• Numerical confirmation of such a phenomenon has been attempted for more than two decades.
• Recently it has been found that the sign problem, the main obstacle in simulating this model, can be overcome by the complex Langevin method.