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Question Answering (QA) is a longstanding challenge in natural language processing.
UNIFIEDQA: Crossing format boundaries with a single QA system
Daniel Khashabi, Sewon Min, Tushar Khot, Ashish Sabharwal, Oyvind Tafjord, Peter Clark, and Hannaneh Hajishirzi. 2020b · 1907
Earlier work this paper cites.
Orb: An open reading benchmark for comprehensive evaluation of machine reading comprehension
Dheeru Dua, Ananth Gottumukkala, Alon Talmor, Sameer Singh, and Matt Gardner. 2019a · 1912
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Realm: Retrieval-augmented language model pre-training
Kelvin Guu, Kenton Lee, Zora Tung, Panupong Pasupat, and Ming-Wei Chang. 2020 · 2002
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ROUGE: A package for automatic evaluation of summaries
Chin-Yew Lin. 2004 · 2004
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Search needs a shake-up
Oren Etzioni. 2011 · 2011
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MCTest: A challenge dataset for the open-domain machine comprehension of text
Matthew Richardson, Christopher J.C. Burges, and Erin Renshaw. 2013 · 2013
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SQuAD: 100,000+ questions for machine comprehension of text
Pranav Rajpurkar, Jian Zhang, Konstantin Lopyrev, and Percy Liang. 2016 · 2016
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RACE: Large-scale ReAding comprehension dataset from examinations
Guokun Lai, Qizhe Xie, Hanxiao Liu, Yiming Yang, and Eduard Hovy. 2017 · 2017
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NewsQA: A machine comprehension dataset
Adam Trischler, Tong Wang, Xingdi Yuan, Justin Harris, Alessandro Sordoni, Philip Bachman, and Kaheer Suleman. 2017 · 2017
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The NarrativeQA reading comprehension challenge
Tomáš Kočiský, Jonathan Schwarz, Phil Blunsom, Chris Dyer, Karl Moritz Hermann, Gábor Melis, and Edward Grefenstette. 2018 · 2018
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The natural language decathlon: Multitask learning as question answering
Bryan McCann, Nitish Shirish Keskar, Caiming Xiong, and Richard Socher. 2018 · 2018
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Can a suit of armor conduct electricity? a new dataset for open book question answering
Todor Mihaylov, Peter Clark, Tushar Khot, and Ashish Sabharwal. 2018 · 2018
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HotpotQA: A dataset for diverse, explainable multi-hop question answering
Zhilin Yang, Peng Qi, Saizheng Zhang, Yoshua Bengio, William Cohen, Ruslan Salakhutdinov, and Christopher D. Manning. 2018 · 2018
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BoolQ: Exploring the surprising difficulty of natural yes/no questions
Christopher Clark, Kenton Lee, Ming-Wei Chang, Tom Kwiatkowski, Michael Collins, and Kristina Toutanova. 2019 · 2019
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Quoref: A reading comprehension dataset with questions requiring coreferential reasoning
Pradeep Dasigi, Nelson F. Liu, Ana Marasović, Noah A. Smith, and Matt Gardner. 2019 · 2019
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Multi-task learning with multi-view attention for answer selection and knowledge base question answering
Yang Deng, Yuexiang Xie, Yaliang Li, Min Yang, Nan Du, Wei Fan, Kai Lei, and Ying Shen. 2019 · 2019
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DROP: A reading comprehension benchmark requiring discrete reasoning over paragraphs
Dheeru Dua, Yizhong Wang, Pradeep Dasigi, Gabriel Stanovsky, Sameer Singh, and Matt Gardner. 2019b · 2019
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MRQA 2019 shared task: Evaluating generalization in reading comprehension
Adam Fisch, Alon Talmor, Robin Jia, Minjoon Seo, Eunsol Choi, and Danqi Chen. 2019 · 2019
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Evaluating rewards for question generation models
Tom Hosking and Sebastian Riedel. 2019 · 2019
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Natural questions: A benchmark for question answering research
Tom Kwiatkowski, Jennimaria Palomaki, Olivia Redfield, Michael Collins, Ankur Parikh, Chris Alberti, Danielle Epstein, Illia Polosukhin, Jacob Devlin, Kenton Lee, Kristina Toutanova, Llion Jones, Matthew Kelcey, Ming-Wei Chang, Andrew M. Dai, Jakob Uszkoreit, Quoc Le, and Slav Petrov. 2019 · 2019
Cited alongside, same era.
Unsupervised question answering by cloze translation
Patrick Lewis, Ludovic Denoyer, and Sebastian Riedel. 2019 · 2019
Cited alongside, same era.
Improving question generation with to the point context
Jingjing Li, Yifan Gao, Lidong Bing, Irwin King, and Michael R. Lyu. 2019 · 2019
Cited alongside, same era.
Social IQa: Commonsense reasoning about social interactions
Maarten Sap, Hannah Rashkin, Derek Chen, Ronan Le Bras, and Yejin Choi. 2019 · 2019
Cited alongside, same era.
Multi-task learning for conversational question answering over a large-scale knowledge base
Tao Shen, Xiubo Geng, Tao Qin, Daya Guo, Duyu Tang, Nan Duan, Guodong Long, and Daxin Jiang. 2019 · 2019
Cited alongside, same era.
A survey on machine reading comprehension—tasks, evaluation metrics and benchmark datasets
Changchang Zeng, Shaobo Li, Qin Li, Jie Hu, and Jianjun Hu. 2020 · 2020
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Ning Bian, Xianpei Han, Bo Chen, Hongyu Lin, Ben He, and Le Sun. 2021 · 2021
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On the opportunities and risks of foundation models
Rishi Bommasani, Drew A Hudson, Ehsan Adeli, Russ Altman, Simran Arora, Sydney von Arx, Michael S Bernstein, Jeannette Bohg, Antoine Bosselut, Emma Brunskill, et al. 2021 · 2021
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Openprompt: An open-source framework for prompt-learning
Ning Ding, Shengding Hu, Weilin Zhao, Yulin Chen, Zhiyuan Liu, Hai-Tao Zheng, and Maosong Sun. 2021 · 2021
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DREAM: A challenge data set and models for dialogue-based reading comprehension
Kai Sun, Dian Yu, Jianshu Chen, Dong Yu, Yejin Choi, and Claire Cardie. 2019 · 2019
Cited alongside, same era.
MultiQA: An empirical investigation of generalization and transfer in reading comprehension
Alon Talmor and Jonathan Berant. 2019 · 2019
Cited alongside, same era.
Language models are few-shot learners
Tom B. Brown, Benjamin Mann, Nick Ryder, Melanie Subbiah, Jared Kaplan, Prafulla Dhariwal, Arvind Neelakantan, Pranav Shyam, Girish Sastry, Amanda Askell, Sandhini Agarwal, Ariel Herbert-Voss, Gretchen Krueger, Tom Henighan, Rewon Child, Aditya Ramesh, Daniel M. Ziegler, Jeffrey Wu, Clemens Winter, Christopher Hesse, Mark Chen, Eric Sigler, Mateusz Litwin, Scott Gray, Benjamin Chess, Jack Clark, Christopher Berner, Sam McCandlish, Alec Radford, Ilya Sutskever, and Dario Amodei. 2020 · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
Discern: Discourse-aware entailment reasoning network for conversational machine reading
Yifan Gao, Chien-Sheng Wu, Jingjing Li, Shafiq Joty, Steven C.H. Hoi, Caiming Xiong, Irwin King, and Michael Lyu. 2020 · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
Span selection pre-training for question answering
Michael Glass, Alfio Gliozzo, Rishav Chakravarti, Anthony Ferritto, Lin Pan, G P Shrivatsa Bhargav, Dinesh Garg, and Avi Sil. 2020 · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
How can we know what language models know?
Zhengbao Jiang, Frank F. Xu, Jun Araki, and Graham Neubig. 2020 · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
Neural mask generator: Learning to generate adaptive word maskings for language model adaptation
Minki Kang, Moonsu Han, and Sung Ju Hwang. 2020 · 2020
Cited alongside, same era.
Yifan Gao, Jingjing Li, Michael R Lyu, and Irwin King. 2021 · 2021
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WARP: Word-level Adversarial ReProgramming
Karen Hambardzumyan, Hrant Khachatrian, and Jonathan May. 2021 · 2021
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Relation-guided pre-training for open-domain question answering
Ziniu Hu, Yizhou Sun, and Kai-Wei Chang. 2021 · 2021
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The power of scale for parameter-efficient prompt tuning
Brian Lester, Rami Al-Rfou, and Noah Constant. 2021 · 2021
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PAQ: 65 million probably-asked questions and what you can do with them
Patrick Lewis, Yuxiang Wu, Linqing Liu, Pasquale Minervini, Heinrich Küttler, Aleksandra Piktus, Pontus Stenetorp, and Sebastian Riedel. 2021 · 2021
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Prefix-tuning: Optimizing continuous prompts for generation
Xiang Lisa Li and Percy Liang. 2021 · 2021
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Pengfei Liu, Weizhe Yuan, Jinlan Fu, Zhengbao Jiang, Hiroaki Hayashi, and Graham Neubig. 2021 · 2021
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Few-shot question answering by pretraining span selection
Ori Ram, Yuval Kirstain, Jonathan Berant, Amir Globerson, and Omer Levy. 2021 · 2021
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It’s not just size that matters: Small language models are also few-shot learners
Timo Schick and Hinrich Schütze. 2021b · 2021
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General-purpose question-answering with macaw
Oyvind Tafjord and Peter Clark. 2021 · 2021
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Can generative pre-trained language models serve as knowledge bases for closed-book QA?
Cunxiang Wang, Pai Liu, and Yue Zhang. 2021 · 2021
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UserAdapter: Few-shot user learning in sentiment analysis
Wanjun Zhong, Duyu Tang, Jiahai Wang, Jian Yin, and Nan Duan. 2021 · 2021
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Text revision by on-the-fly representation optimization
Jingjing Li, Zichao Li, Tao Ge, Irwin King, and Michael R Lyu. 2022 · 2022
Closest in time.
Reasoning over hybrid chain for table-and-text open domain qa
Wanjun Zhong, Junjie Huang, Qian Liu, Ming Zhou, Jiahai Wang, Jian Yin, and Nan Duan. 2022 · 2022
Closest in time.