Cosmological Parameter Estimation Using Current and Future Observations of Strong Gravitational Lensing

Understand

Remarkable development of cosmology is benefited from the increasingly improved measurements of cosmic distances including absolute distances and relative distances.

• In recent years, however, the emerged cosmological tensions motivate us to explore the independent and precise late-universe probes.
• The two observational effects of strong gravitational lensing (SGL), the velocity dispersions of lens galaxies and the time delays between multiple images, can provide measurements of relative and absolute distances respectively, and their combination is possible to break the degeneracies between cosmological parameters and enable tight constraints on cosmological parameters.
• In this paper, we combine the observed 130 SGL systems with velocity-dispersion measurements and 7 SGL systems with time-delay measurements to constrain dark-energy cosmological models.